Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Dehydrogenases activity in the soil [μmol TPF/g d_m_ of soil] in the integrated and organic production of cucumber (means ± SE)_
| Treatment | I term | II term | III term | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| integrated | organic | integrated | organic | integrated | organic | |
| Full nitrogen fertilization | 15.2 ± 7.73 | 17.6 ± 4.41 | 11.2 ± 0.75 | 18.0 ± 2.72 | 7.8 ± 0.21 | 4.7 ± 2.03 |
| 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 14.8 ± 3.84 | 16.9 ± 10.52 | 26.9 ± 2.39 | 20.2 ± 3.97 | 7.4 ± 1.57 | 6.0 ± 1.41 |
| Rhizosum N plus + 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 13.4 ± 4.29 | 17.3 ± 6.06 | 21.7 ± 2.87 | 24.1 ± 4.14 | 7.7 ± 0.50 | 4.8 ± 0.70 |
Indices of microbial metabolic potential – Shannon (H′) and biodiversity AWCD in soil in the integrated and organic production of cucumber (means ± SE)_
| Treatment | I term | II term | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| integrated | organic | integrated | organic | integrated | organic | integrated | organic | |
| H′ | AWCD | H′ | AWCD | |||||
| Full nitrogen fertilization | 1.30 ± 0.79 | 2.82 ± 0.13 | 0.07 ± 0.09 | 0.78 ± 0.15 | 2.67 ± 0.19 | 2.79 ± 0.20 | 0.61 ± 0.18 | 0.74 ± 0.17 |
| 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 2.35 ± 0.36 | 2.81 ± 0.10 | 0.31 ± 0.16 | 0.86 ± 0.11 | 2.63 ± 0.33 | 2.91 ± 0.10 | 0.57 ± 0.21 | 0.94 ± 0.11 |
| Rhizosum N plus + 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 1.62 ± 0.72 | 2.90 ± 0.08 | 0.25 ± 0.22 | 0.96 ± 0.09 | 2.60 ± 0.24 | 2.92 ± 0.09 | 0.52 ± 0.20 | 0.84 ± 0.12 |
The number of Azotobacter spp_ on the cucumber leaves in integrated and organic production_
| Treatment | I term | II term | III term | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| integrated | organic | integrated | organic | integrated | organic | |
| Azotobacter spp. (cfu × 102/g) | ||||||
| Full nitrogen fertilization | 5.3 b | 16.7 b | 5.0 b | 6.0 b | 23.7 b | 15.1 a |
| 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 5.3 b | 16.7 b | 3.6 b | 60.9 a | 37.6 b | 35.0 a |
| Rhizosum N plus + 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 17.5 a | 22.4 a | 45.9 a | 10.4 b | 95.2 a | 34.9 a |
The number of Azotobacter spp_ and Pseudomonas spp_ in soil in the integrated and organic production of cucumber_
| Treatment | I term | II term | III term | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| integrated | organic | integrated | organic | integrated | organic | |
| Azotobacter spp. (cfu × 105/g) | ||||||
| Full nitrogen fertilization | 0.45 a | 1.1 a | 7.2 b | 5.6 a | 5.7 b | 3.2 a |
| 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 0.75 a | 1.6 a | 13.1 a | 4.5 a | 14.5 a | 0.5 b |
| Rhizosum N plus + 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 0.68 a | 0.6 a | 10.4 b | 9.2 a | 3.0 b | 1.6 b |
| Pseudomonas spp. (cfu × 103/g) | ||||||
| Full nitrogen fertilization | 13.3 a | 29.3 a | 1.3 a | 7.0 b | 8.7 b | 21.4 a |
| 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 7.3 a | 8.0 b | 1.7 a | 14.8 ab | 10.9 b | 20.2 a |
| Rhizosum N plus + 1/2 nitrogen fertilization | 12.0 a | 5.3 b | 0.2 b | 30.4 a | 29.8 a | 28.8 a |