References
- Al Abd, S. (2022). Social Media as a Threat to National Security: A Case Study of Twitter in Pakistan. Margalla Papers, Vol. 26, Issue 2, 96-107.
- Amit, S., Barua, L., & Al Kafy, A. (2021). Countering violent extremism using social media and preventing implementable strategies for Bangladesh. Heliyon, Vol. 7, Issue 5. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07121.
- UK Public General Acts. (2003). Communications Act 2003, c. 21.
- Haider, W., Ali, A., & Zubai, M. (2023). Prevention of Electronic Crime Act, 2016: An Analysis of the Act’s Effectiveness in Controlling Misuse of Social Media in Pakistan. Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences Review, Vol. 3, Issue 2, 48-54.
- Janković, V.A., & Stošić, V.L. (2022). Cyberbullying Legislation: The Role of Cyberbullying Law. LAW-theory and practice, Vol. 4, 97-108.
- Kapelańska-Pręgowska, J., & Pucelj, M. (2023). Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech: Human Rights Standards and Their Application in Poland and Slovenia. Laws, Vol. 12, Issue 4. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/laws12040064.
- Lieberman, A.V. (2017). Terrorism, the Internet, and Propaganda: A Deadly Combination. Journal of National Security Law & Policy, Vol. 9, 95-124.
- Legislation.gov.uk. (1988). Malicious Communications Act 1988, c. 27.
- NetzDG. (2018). Network Enforcement Act.
- PECA. (2016). The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act. Act No. XL of 2016. The Pakistan Code. Ministry of Law and Justice.
- Saha, K., Chandrasekharan, E., & De Choudhury, M. (2019). Prevalence and Psychological Effects of Hateful Speech in Online College Communities. Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Web Science. DOI:10.1145/3292522.3326032.
- Theil, S. (2022). Private Censorship and Structural Dominance: Why Social Media Platforms Should Have Obligations to Their Users under Freedom of Expression. The Cambridge Law Journal, Vol. 81, Issue 3, 645-672.
- The Uniform Code of Military Justice. (1951). 10 USC Chapter 47