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In Vitro Analysis of AKR1D1 Interactions with Clopidogrel: Effects on Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression Cover

In Vitro Analysis of AKR1D1 Interactions with Clopidogrel: Effects on Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics
Volume 27 (2024): Issue 2 (December 2024)
By:
Open Access
|Mar 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Evaluation of AKR1D1 substrate specificity using NADPH fluorescence assays for (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b)2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM). Changes in NADPH fluorescence over time were measured in the presence (blue) and absence (orange) of the substrate candidates. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).
Evaluation of AKR1D1 substrate specificity using NADPH fluorescence assays for (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b)2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM). Changes in NADPH fluorescence over time were measured in the presence (blue) and absence (orange) of the substrate candidates. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).

Figure 2.

Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b) 2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM) on AKR1D1. NADPH fluorescence was measured in the presence of the candidate inhibitor and testosterone (blue) and compared to the response to testosterone alone (orange). No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).
Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b) 2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM) on AKR1D1. NADPH fluorescence was measured in the presence of the candidate inhibitor and testosterone (blue) and compared to the response to testosterone alone (orange). No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).

Figure 3.

AKR1D1 mRNA expression levels (mean ± SD) in HepG2 cells following treatment with clopidogrel and 2-oxoclopidogrel (5 μM each). No significant changes were observed compared to the control group (p > 0.05).
AKR1D1 mRNA expression levels (mean ± SD) in HepG2 cells following treatment with clopidogrel and 2-oxoclopidogrel (5 μM each). No significant changes were observed compared to the control group (p > 0.05).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjmg-2024-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2199-5761
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Language: English
Page range: 69 - 75
Published on: Mar 6, 2025
Published by: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 times per year
Keywords:
AKR1D1,
clopidogrel,
drug metabolism,
enzyme interaction,
pharmacogenomics,
gene expression
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2025 K Shutevska, Panovska T Kadifkova, Z Zhivikj, Nestorovska A Kapedanovska, published by Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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