Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Resilience and Vulnerabilities Related to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine: The Emergence of a New Club of Nato and EU Members Cover

Resilience and Vulnerabilities Related to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine: The Emergence of a New Club of Nato and EU Members

Baltic Journal of Law & Politics
Volume 16 (2023): Issue 1 (September 2023)
By: Ivan Dinev Ivanov  
Open Access
|Oct 2023

References

  1. 1. Abnett, Kate, Jan Strupczewski and Ingrid Melander. “EU Agrees Russia Oil Embargo, Gives Hungary Exemptions; Zelenskiy Vows More Sanctions.” Reuters (31 May 2023) // https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/best-we-could-get-eu-bows-hungarian-demands-agree-russian-oil-ban-2022-05-31/
    Search in Google Scholar
  2. 2. Asmus, Ronald D. and Alex Vondra. “The Origins of Atlanticism in Central and Eastern Europe.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs 18, no. 2 (July 2005): 204.
    Search in Google Scholar
  3. 3. Batta, Anna and John Ishiyama. “What Explains Level of Support for Russia in Central and Eastern Europe? Testing the Economic Attraction and Ideological Affinity Hypotheses.” Communist and Post-Communist Studies 53, no. 1 (2020): 1-12.
    Search in Google Scholar
  4. 4. Bechev, Dimitar. “Russia’s Influence in Southeast Europe.” Russian Analytical Digest 226 (6 November 2018) // https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bit-stream/handle/20.500.11850/301365/2/RAD226.pdf.
    Search in Google Scholar
  5. 5. Buzogány, Aron. “Illiberal Democracy in Hungary: Authoritarian Diffusion or Domestic Causation?” In Authoritarian Diffusion and Cooperation (New York, NY: Routledge, 2019), 1307-1325.
    Search in Google Scholar
  6. 6. Conley, Heather A., James Mina, Ruslan Stefanov, Martin Vladimirov. “The Kremlin Playbook: Understanding Russian Influence in Central and Eastern Europe.” Center for Strategic and International Studies (Rowman and Littlefield: Lanham, MD, 2016).
    Search in Google Scholar
  7. 7. Fagan, Moira and Jacob Poushter. “NATO Seen Favorably Across Member-States.” Pew Research Center (9 February 2020) // https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/02/09/nato-seen-favorably-across-member-states/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  8. 8. Gould-Davies, Nigel. “The Astonishing Endurance of Unity on Ukraine.” Foreign Affairs (8 March 2023) // https://www.foreignaffairs.com/ukraine/astonishing-endurance-unity-ukraine.
    Search in Google Scholar
  9. 9. Helmus, Todd C., Elizabeth Bodine-Baron, Andrew Radin, Madeline Magnuson, Joshua Mendelsohn, William Marcellino, Andriy Bega, Zev Winkelman. Russian Social Media Influence: Understanding Russian Propaganda in Eastern Europe (RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 2018).
    Search in Google Scholar
  10. 10. Huldt, Bo. “Comments on the Swedish Positions.” In: Hanna Ojanen, ed., Neutrality and Non-Alignment in Europe Today (Helsinki, Finland: The Finnish Institute of International Affairs, 2003), 46-51.
    Search in Google Scholar
  11. 11. Ikenberry, G John. “Democracy, Institutions and American Restraint.” In: John Ikenberry, ed., America Unrivaled: The Future of the Balance of Power (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2002), 17.
    Search in Google Scholar
  12. 12. Ivanov, Ivan Dinev. Transforming NATO: New Allies Missions and Capabilities (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2011), 187-8.
    Search in Google Scholar
  13. 13. Ivanov, Ivan Dinev, and Igor Kovac. “Understanding EU Peacebuilding: Organizational Assets, Decision-Making and External Legitimacy.” 2019 American Political Science Association (APSA) Annual Meeting (Washington, DC, August 29-September 1, 2019), 3-6.
    Search in Google Scholar
  14. 14. Krastev, Ivan. “Peace versus Justice: The coming European split over the war in Ukraine.” European Council on Foreign Relations (15 June 2022) // https://ecfr.eu/publication/peace-versus-justice-the-coming-european-split-over-the-war-in-ukraine/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  15. 15. Kroenig, Matthew. “Facing Reality: Getting NATO Ready for a New Cold War.” Survival: Global Politics and Strategy 57, no. 1 (February–March 2015), 49–70.
    Search in Google Scholar
  16. 16. Kuczyński, Grzegorz. “Bulgaria’s Ready To Negotiate Gas Deal With Russia’s Gazprom After Government Changes.” Warsaw Institute: Russia Monitor (29 August 2022) // https://warsawinstitute.org/bulgarias-ready-negotiate-gas-deal-russias-gazprom-government-changes/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  17. 17. Levine, Louis. “Pan-Slavism and European Politics.” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 29, no. 4 (December 1914): 664-686.
    Search in Google Scholar
  18. 18. Marinov, Nikolay and Maria Popova. “Will the Real Conspiracy Please Stand Up: Sources of Post-communist Democratic Failure.” Perspectives on Politics (May 2021) // http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3845517.
    Search in Google Scholar
  19. 19. Nikolov, Krasen. “Bulgarian Government Row over Military Aid to Ukraine.” Euroactiv (20 February 2022) // https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/bulgarian-government-row-over-military-aid-to-ukraine/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  20. 20. Moens, Barbara and Leonie Kijewski. “Ukraine Wants More Russia Sanctions but Brussels Can’t Help.” Politico (7 September 2022) // https://www.politico.eu/article/call-for-more-sanctions-against-russia-falls-on-deaf-ears-in-brussels/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  21. 21. Noone, Harry. “Two-Level Games and the Policy Process: Assessing Domestic– Foreign Policy Linkage Theory.” World Affairs, Vol. 182, no. 2 (Summer 2019): 165-186.
    Search in Google Scholar
  22. 22. Nye, Joseph. The Paradox of American Power: Why the World’s Superpower Can’t Go It Alone (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2002), 17.
    Search in Google Scholar
  23. 23. Oana, Ioana-Elena and Alexandru Moise. “How Unified are Europeans’ Views on the War in Ukraine?” EUIdeas (19 May 2022) // https://euideas.eui.eu/2022/05/19/how-unified-are-europeans-views-on-the-war-in-ukraine/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  24. 24. Pezard, Stephanie. “European Relations with Russia: Threat Perceptions, Responses and Strategies In The Wake of The Ukrainian Crisis.” RAND Corporation (Santa Monica, CA, 2018).
    Search in Google Scholar
  25. 25. Pezard, Stephanie, Andrew Radin and Thomas Szayna. “European Relations with Russia: Threat Perceptions, Responses and Strategies In The Wake Of The Ukrainian Crisis.” Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation (2017): 17 // https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD1054032.
    Search in Google Scholar
  26. 26. Poushter, Jacob and Moira Fagan. “NATO Continues to Be Seen in A Favorable Light by People in Member States.” Pew Research Center (10 June 2021).
    Search in Google Scholar
  27. 27. Putnam, Robert. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-level Games.” International Organization, Vol. 42, no. 3 (Summer 1988): 427-460.
    Search in Google Scholar
  28. 28. Relations with Ukraine, NATO Handbook // https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_37750.htm
    Search in Google Scholar
  29. 29. Relations with Ukraine, NATO Handbook.
    Search in Google Scholar
  30. 30. Ringsmose, Jens and Sten Rynning. “Now for the Hard Part: NATO’s Strategic Adaptation to Russia.” Survival: Global Politics and Strategy 59, no. 3 (2017): 129-146.
    Search in Google Scholar
  31. 31. Simon, Zoltan. “Orban Calls for End of EU Sanctions on Russia, Nemzet Reports.” Bloomberg (22 September 2022) // https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-22/orban-calls-for-end-of-eu-sanctions-on-russia-nemzet-reports.
    Search in Google Scholar
  32. 32. Sokolsky, Richard. “The New NATO-Russia Military Balance: Implications for European Security.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations (2017) // http://carnegieendowment.org/files/3-8-17_Richard_Sokolsky_Russia_Military_Balance.pdf.
    Search in Google Scholar
  33. 33. Søreide, Ine Eriksen. “NATO and the North Atlantic: Revitalizing Collective Defense and the Maritime Domain.” Prism 6, no. 2 (2016): 48-57.
    Search in Google Scholar
  34. 34. Strupczewski, Jan. “Factbox: EU’s 6th sanctions package against Russia, including oil.” Politico (3 June 2022) // https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/eus-6th-sanctions-package-against-russia-including-oil-2022-06-03/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  35. 35. Stoltenberg, Jens. “A Stronger NATO for a More Dangerous World.” Foreign Affairs (10 July 2023) // https://www.foreignaffairs.com/europe/stronger-nato-more-dangerous-world-vilnius-jens-stoltenberg.
    Search in Google Scholar
  36. 36. Trevelyan, Mark and Ros Russell. “Russia Sticks to Demands on Black Sea Grain Deal, Rejects UN Bank Proposal.” Reuters (9 September 2023) // https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/kremlin-says-it-sticks-conditions-return-black-sea-grain-deal-2023-09-09/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  37. 37. Tsolova, Tsvetelia. “Bulgaria Approves Repairs to Ukrainian Military Equipment, Not Military Aid.” Reuters (4 May 2022) // https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/bulgaria-approves-repairs-ukrainian-military-equipment-not-military-aid-2022-05-04/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  38. 38. Veebel, Viljar. “NATO options and dilemmas for deterring Russia in the Baltic States.” Defence Studies 18, no. 2 (2018): 229-251.
    Search in Google Scholar
  39. 39. Volkmann-Schluck, Philip. “Bulgaria to the Rescue: How the EU’s Poorest Country Secretly Saved Ukraine.” Politico (18 January 2023) // https://www.politico.eu/article/bulgaria-volodymyr-zelenskyy-kiril-petkov-poorest-country-eu-ukraine/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  40. 40. Wallander, Celeste. “Institutional Assets and Adaptability: NATO after the Cold War.” International Organization 54, no. 4 (Autumn 2000): 705-35.
    Search in Google Scholar
  41. 41. Wallander, Celeste and Robert Keohane. “Risk, Threat and Security Institutions.” In: Robert Keohane, ed., Power and Governance in a Partially Globalized World (New York: Routledge; Taylor and Francis Group, 2002), 88-114.
    Search in Google Scholar
  42. 42. Walt, Stephen. The Origins of Alliances (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987), 29-30.
    Search in Google Scholar
  43. 43. Wike, Richard, Janell Fetterolf, Moira Fagan and Sneha Gubbala. “Positive Ratings for NATO.” Pew Research Center (22 June 2022) // https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2022/06/22/positive-ratings-for-nato/.
    Search in Google Scholar
  44. 44. “Collective Defence–Article 5.” NATO Handbook // https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_110496.htm.
    Search in Google Scholar
  45. 45. “Flash Eurobarometer 506: EU’s Response to the War in Ukraine.” Eurobarometer (April-May 2022) // https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2772.
    Search in Google Scholar
  46. 46. “Flash Eurobarometer 506: EU’s Response to the War in Ukraine.” Eurobarometer (April-May 2022) // https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2772.
    Search in Google Scholar
  47. 47. Prime Minister Sanna Marin’s speech at European Parliament. Brussels, Belgium (13 September 2022) // https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/-/10616/prime-minister-marin-to-visit-the-european-parliament.
    Search in Google Scholar
  48. 48. “Russia Delays Reopening of Nord Stream in Blow to Gas-starved Europe.” Reuters (2 September 2022) // https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russia-says-nord-stream-gas-supplies-still-risk-stoking-european-fears-2022-09-02/.
    Search in Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2023-0006 | Journal eISSN: 2029-0454
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 105 - 121
Submitted on: Jun 6, 2023
Accepted on: Sep 12, 2023
Published on: Oct 26, 2023
Published by: Faculty of Political Science and Diplomacy and the Faculty of Law of Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
NATO,
vulnerabilities,
international institutions,
public opinion,
war in Ukraine
Related subjects:
Law,
Law, other,
Social sciences,
Political science,
Political science, other

© 2023 Ivan Dinev Ivanov, published by Faculty of Political Science and Diplomacy and the Faculty of Law of Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 16 (2023): Issue 1 (September 2023)Next article