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Comparative Analysis of Support Schemes for Renewable Energy Sources in Europe and Albania. Legal Framework and Implementation Challenges Cover

Comparative Analysis of Support Schemes for Renewable Energy Sources in Europe and Albania. Legal Framework and Implementation Challenges

By:  and    
Open Access
|Sep 2026

References

  1. Council of European Energy Regulators. (2021). Status review of renewable support schemes in Europe for 2018 and 2019.
  2. Council of Ministers of the Republic of Albania. (2024). Decision on support measures for the promotion of electricity from renewable energy sources and the operation of the Renewable Energy Operator.
  3. del Río, P., & Menzies, C. J. (2021). Auctions for the support of renewable energy in Spain. AURES II.
  4. Energy Community Secretariat. (2022). Annual implementation report 2022. Energy Community. Energy Regulatory Authority. (2024). Decision No. 284, dated 18 December 2024.
  5. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2020). Albania’s solar tender generates competitive price.
  6. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2023a). Albania announces results of first onshore wind auction.
  7. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2023b). EBRD supports Albania in new solar power auction.
  8. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2024). Albania diagnostic 2024. European Commission. (n.d.). Support schemes for renewable energy. Directorate-General for Energy.
  9. European Commission. (2022a). Guidelines on State aid for climate, environmental protection and energy 2022 (2022/C 80/01). Official Journal of the European Union, C 80, 1–89.
  10. European Commission. (2022b). Study on the performance of support for electricity from renewable sources.
  11. European Parliament & Council of the European Union. (2018). Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast). Official Journal of the European Union, L 328, 82–209. European Parliament & Council of the European Union. (2023). Directive (EU) 2023/2413 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 October 2023 amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and Directive 98/70/EC as regards the promotion of energy from renewable sources, and repealing Council Directive (EU) 2015/652. Official Journal of the European Union, L, 2023/2413.
  12. Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action. (2023). Renewable energy. Filipovska, M., & Bosiljanov, D. (2020). Renewable energy law and regulation in North Macedonia. CMS Expert Guide.
  13. García, J. A., Marín, P. L., & Stirzaker, J. (2022). The renewable energy law review: Spain. The Brattle Group Inc.
  14. Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy. (2024a). Announcement of the winners of the 300 MW hybrid photovoltaic auction. Republic of Albania.
  15. Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy. (2024b). Competitive procedure for the design, financing, construction, operation and maintenance of photovoltaic plants with an installed capacity between 10 MW and 100 MW and a maximum auctioned capacity of 300 MW. Republic of Albania.
  16. Republic of Albania. (2017). Law No. 7/2017 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Official Gazette of the Republic of Albania.
  17. Republic of Albania. (2023). Law No. 24/2023 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Official Publication Centre of the Republic of Albania.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2026-0014 | Journal eISSN: 2411-9725 | Journal ISSN: 2410-759X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 17
Published on: Sep 13, 2026
Published by: International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

© 2026 Naim Tota, Efiola Tota, published by International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.