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Comparison of Criminal Penalties in Albania and Germany Cover

Comparison of Criminal Penalties in Albania and Germany

By: Albi Gjoka  
Open Access
|May 2025

References

  1. BVerfG (1977). Decision on Life Imprisonment and Human Dignity. German Federal Constitutional Court.
  2. European Court of Human Rights (2015).
  3. European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (1950).
  4. Federal Parole Board of Germany (2020). Risk Assessment in Parole Decisions.
  5. German Federal Criminal Police Office (2021). Annual Report on Financial Crimes.
  6. German Federal Court Decisions (2022). Parole and Public Safety Considerations.
  7. German Ministry of Interior (2021). Implementation of Electronic Monitoring Systems.
  8. Hoxha, D. Kaçupi, S. Haxhia, M. (2018). E drejta penale : Pjesa e përgjithshme. Manual regulating the alternative sanctions in the Republic of Albania (2020). (Online) Available: https://socialcontractinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Manual-mbi-Denimet-Alternative-ne-Republiken-e-Shqiperise.pdf
  9. Max Planck Institute for Criminal Law (2022). Community Service as an Alternative to Imprisonment.
  10. OSCE (2010). Manual regulating the application of the alternative sanctions https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/0/1/72037.pdf
  11. Schönke, A. Schröder, H. (2019). German Penal Code (StGB), 30th ed.
  12. SPAK Annual report (2022) (Online) Available: https://spak.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/raporti-vjetor-2022_Publikuar.pdf
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2025-0009 | Journal eISSN: 2411-9725 | Journal ISSN: 2410-759X
Language: English
Page range: 97 - 102
Published on: May 19, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

© 2025 Albi Gjoka, published by International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.