References
- Arnold, T.; Kasenberg, D. & Scheutz, M. (2017), ‘Value alignment or misalignment—what will keep systems accountable?’ The AAAI -17 Workshop on AI, Ethics, and Society, WS-17-02. Retrieved from https://aaai.org/ocs/index.php/WS/AAAIW17/paper/view/15216/14648 [accessed Dec 2020]
- Berlin, I. (2013[1947]), ‘The pursuit of the ideal,’ in H. Hardy (ed.) The Crooked Timber of Humanity, Princeton & Oxford: Princeton University Press.
- Bostrom, N. (2003), ‘Are you living in a computer simulation?’ Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 53, no. 211, pp. 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9213.00309
- Bostrom, N. (2019), ‘The vulnerable world hypothesis,’ Global Policy, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 455–476. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12718
- Bryson, J. (2018), ‘Patiency is not a virtue: The design of intelligent systems and systems of ethics,’ Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 15–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9448-6
- Chalmers, D. (2010), ‘The singularity: A philosophical analysis,’ Journal of Consciousness Studies, vol. 17, nos. 9–10, pp. 7–65.
- European Commission (2019a), A Definition of AI: Main Capabilities and Disciplines. Retrieved from https://www.aepd.es/media/docs/ai-definition.pdf [accessed Sep 2021]
- European Commission (2019b), Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/ai-alliance-consultation [accessed Dec 2020]
- Fisac, J. F.; Gates, M. A.; Hamrick, J. B.; Liu, C.; Hadfield-Menell, D.; Palaniappan, M.; Malik, D.; Sastry S. S.; Griffiths, T. L. & Dragan, A. D. (2018), ‘Pragmatic-pedagogic value alignment,’ in N. Amato, N. G. Hager, S. Thomas & M. Torres-Torriti (eds.) Robotics Research: Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics 10, Cham: Springer, pp. 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28619-4_7
- Gabriel, I. (2020), ‘Artificial intelligence, values, and alignment,’ Minds and Machines, vol. 30, pp. 411–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09539-2
- IBM (2019), ‘Everyday ethics for artificial intelligence’, IBM Corp. Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/watson/assets/duo/pdf/everydayethics.pdf [accessed Sep 2021]
- IEEE (2019), Ethically Aligned Design. A Vision for Prioritizing Human well-being with autonomous and intelligent systems, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. Retrieved from https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf [accessed Dec 2020]
- Joamets, K. & Chochia, A. (2021), ‘Access to artificial intelligence for persons with disabilities: Legal and ethical questions concerning the application of trustworthy AI,’ Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 51−66. https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2021.1.04
- Kagan, S. (2019), How to Count Animals, More or Less, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Kerikmäe, T.; Müürsepp, P.; Pihl, H. M.; Hamuľák, O. & Kocharyan, H. (2020), ‘Legal person- or agenthood of artificial intelligence technologies,’ Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 73–92. https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.05
- Kesa, A. & Kerikmäe, T. (2020), ‘Artificial intelligence and the GDPR: Inevitable nemeses?’ TalTech Journal of European Studies, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 68−90. https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2020-0022
- Maxwell, N. (2021), The World Crisis – And What to do About It. A Revolution for Thought and Action, New Jersey, London, etc.: World Scientific.
- Nyman-Metcalf, K. & Kerikmäe, T. (2021), ‘Machines are taking over—are we ready? Law and Artificial Intelligence,’ Singapore Academy of Law Journal, vol. 33, pp. 24−49.
- Russell, S. (2019), Human Compatible AI and the Problem of Control, London: Penguin Books.
- Russell, S.; Dewey, D. & Tegmark, M. (2016), ‘Research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence,’ AI Magazine, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 94–105. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v36i4.2577
- Searle, J. R. (1980), ‘Minds, brains, and programs,’ Behavioral and Brain Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 417–457. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00005756
- Shulman, C. & Bostrom, N. (2021), ‘Sharing the world with digital minds,’ in S. Clarke, H. Zohny & J. Savulescu (eds.) Rethinking Moral Status, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894076.003.0018
- Soares, N. (2015), The Value Learning Problem, Technical Report, Machine Intelligence Research Institute.
- Soares, N. & Fallenstein, B. (2014), Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda, Technical Report, Machine Intelligence Research Institute.
- Sutrop, M. (2020), ‘Challenges of aligning artificial intelligence with human values,’ Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 54–72. https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.04
- Zamyatin, Y. (1993), We, London: Penguin Classics.