Abstract
Exercise is fundamental to a healthy life, positively influencing not only the body but also the mind. In addition to the obvious benefits for physical health, sporting activities have a significant impact on the brain, contributing to the development and maintenance of neuronal functions. The relationship between physical exercise and the nervous system is bidirectional: on the one hand, movement stimulates neurogenesis and brain plasticity, and on the other hand, neural adaptations optimize physical performance. In an increasingly sedentary world, knowledge of these benefits is becoming essential to prevent both physical and mental health problems.