Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The effects of external and internal focus of attention on motor learning and promoting learner’s focus Cover

The effects of external and internal focus of attention on motor learning and promoting learner’s focus

Open Access
|Dec 2019

References

  1. 1. Abdollahipour R., Land W.M., Cereser A., Chiviacowsky S. (2019) External relative to internal attentional focus enhances motor performance and learning in visually impaired individuals. Disabil. Rehabil., 8: 1-10.
  2. 2. Abdollahipour R., Nieto M.P., Psotta R., Wulf G. (2017) External focus of attention and autonomy support have additive benefits for motor performance in children. Psychol. Sport Exerc., 32: 17-24.10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.05.004
  3. 3. Al-Abood S.A., Davids K. Bennett S.J. (2001) Specificity of task constraints and effects of visual demonstrations and verbal instructions in directing learners. J. Mot. Behav., 33: 295-305.10.1080/00222890109601915
  4. 4. Badami R., VaezMousavi M., Wulf G., Namazizadeh M. (2011) Feedback after good trials enhances intrinsic motivation. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 82: 360-364.10.5641/027013611X13119541884347
  5. 5. Badami R., VaezMousavi M., Wulf G., Namazizadeh M. (2012) Feedback about more accurate versus less accurate trials: Differential effects on self-confidence and activation. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 83: 196-203.10.1080/02701367.2012.1059985022808705
  6. 6. Bernstein N.A. (1967) The Coordination and Regulation of Movement. London: Pergamon Press.
  7. 7. Chiviacowsky S. (2014) Self-controlled practice: Autonomy protects perceptions of competence and enhances motor learning. Psychol. Sport Exerc., 15: 505-510.10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.05.003
  8. 8. Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G. (2002) Self-controlled feedback: Does it enhance learning because performers get feedback when they need it? Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 73: 408-415.10.1080/02701367.2002.1060904012495242
  9. 9. Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G. (2007) Feedback after good trials enhances learning. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 78: 40-47.10.1080/02701367.2007.10599402
  10. 10. Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G., Laroque de Medeiros F., Kaefer A., Tani G. (2008) Learning benefits of self-controlled knowledge of results in 10-year old children. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 79: 405-410.10.5641/193250308X13086832906238
  11. 11. Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G., Wally R., Borges T. (2009) KR after good trials enhances learning in older adults. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 80: 663-668.10.5641/027013609X13088500160082
  12. 12. Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G., Lewthwaite R. (2012) Self-controlled learning: the importance of protecting perceptions of competence. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, Article 458.10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00458348741823130006
  13. 13. Chua L.-K., Dimapilis M.K., Iwatsuki T., Abdollahi-pour R., Lewthwaite R., Wulf G. (2019) Practice variability promotes an external focus of attention and enhances motor skill learning. Hum. Mov. Sci., 64: 307-319.10.1016/j.humov.2019.02.015
  14. 14. Ghorbani S. (2019) Motivational effects of enhancing expectancies and autonomy for motor learning: An examination of the OPTIMAL theory. J. Gen. Psychol., 146(1): 79-92.10.1080/00221309.2018.153548630654726
  15. 15. Ghorbani S., Bund A. (2017) Throwing skills: Analysis of movement phases in early motor learning. Percept. Motor Skills, 124(2): 502-513.10.1177/003151251768997228361662
  16. 16. Hadler R., Chiviacowsky S., Wulf G., Gomes Schild J.F. (2014) Children`s learning of tennis skills is facilitated by external focus instructions. Motriz, 20(4): 418-422.10.1590/S1980-65742014000400008
  17. 17. Lewthwaite R., Chiviacowsky S., Drews R., Wulf G. (2015) Choose to move: The motivational impact of autonomy support on motor learning. Psychon. Bull. Rev., 22: 1383-1388.10.3758/s13423-015-0814-7
  18. 18. Lohse K.R., Sherwood D.E., Healy A.F. (2010) How changing the focus of attention affects performance kinematics, electromyography in dart throwing. Hum. Mov. Sci., 29: 542-555.10.1016/j.humov.2010.05.001
  19. 19. McKay B., Wulf G. (2012) A distal external focus enhances novice dart throwing performance. Int. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol., 10(2): 149-156.10.1080/1612197X.2012.682356
  20. 20. Saemi E., Porter J.M., Ghotbi-Varzaneh A., Zarghami M., Maleki F. (2012) Knowledge of results after relatively good trials enhances self-efficacy and motor learning. Psychol. Sport Exerc., 13: 378-382.10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.12.008
  21. 21. Schorer J., Jaitner T., Wollny R., Fath F., Baker J. (2012) Influence of varying focus of attention conditions on dart throwing performance in experts and novices. Exp. Brain Res., 217(2): 289-297.10.1007/s00221-011-2992-522210117
  22. 22. Schwab S., Rein R. Memmert D. (2019) “Kick it like Ronaldo”: a cross-sectional study of focus of attention effects during learning of a soccer knuckle ball free kick technique. German J. Exerc. Sport Res., 49: 91.10.1007/s12662-018-0558-4
  23. 23. van Abswoude F., Nuijen N.B., van der Kamp J., Steen-bergen B. (2018) Individual Differences Influencing Im-Influencing Immediate Effects of Internal and External Focus Instructions on Children’s Motor Performance, Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 89(2): 190-199.10.1080/02701367.2018.144291529617214
  24. 24. Wulf G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of 15 years. Int. Rev. Sport Exerc. Psychol., 6: 77-104.10.1080/1750984X.2012.723728
  25. 25. Wulf G., Chiviacowsky S., Cardozo P. (2014) Additive benefits of autonomy support and enhanced expectancies for motor learning. Hum. Mov. Sci., 37: 12-20.10.1016/j.humov.2014.06.004
  26. 26. Wulf G., Chiviacowsky S., Schiller E., Ávila L.T. (2010) Frequent external-focus feedback enhances learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, Article 190.10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00190315379921833250
  27. 27. Wulf G., Lewthwaite R. (2016) Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon. Bull. Rev., 23: 1382-1414.10.3758/s13423-015-0999-926833314
  28. 28. Wulf G., Su J. (2007) External focus of attention enhances golf shot accuracy in beginners and experts. Res. Q. Exercise Sport, 78: 384-389.10.5641/193250307X13082505158336
  29. 29. Wulf G., Lewthwaite R. Cardozo P., Chiviacowsky S. (2018) Triple play: Additive contributions of enhanced expectancies, autonomy support, and external attentional focus to motor learning. Q. J. Exp. Psychol., 71(4): 824-831.10.1080/17470218.2016.127620428056637
  30. 30. Ziv G., Ochayon M., Lidor R. (2019) Enhanced or diminished expectancies in gold putting – which actually affects performance? Psychol. Sport Exerc., 40: 82-86.10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.10.003
Language: English
Page range: 175 - 180
Submitted on: Jul 29, 2019
Accepted on: Nov 12, 2019
Published on: Dec 2, 2019
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year

© 2019 Saeed Ghorbani, Amir Dana, Zynalabedin Fallah, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.