Detection of Energy and Decidion-Fusion for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

Cognitive radio (CR) is seen as a new approach to a more efficient utilization of natural resources - the radio electromagnetic spectrum. CR is described as an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of your surroundings and to which it adapts own radio operating parameters. The most important function of cognitive radio is the detection of the spectrum, or spectral detection of free space. In this paper, the focus is placed on energy detection technique, by which we determine the status of the primary users (i.e. occupancy / availability of the spectrum), and the (centralized) cooperative detection range, within which it applies detection of energy together with the fusion of deciding where the data fusion is the process of combining local data detected, in order to make cooperative decisions. Optimal detection performance in such a co-operative detection of the spectrum is tested using MATLAB software package, with the aim of minimizing the total error of detecting a primary user.