Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The Impact of Aging on the Quality of Meat from Red Deer (Cervus elaphus L.) Hinds Following Frozen Storage Cover

The Impact of Aging on the Quality of Meat from Red Deer (Cervus elaphus L.) Hinds Following Frozen Storage

Open Access
|Feb 2026

References

  1. Abeyrathne, E. D. N. S., Nam, K. & Ahn, D. U. (2021). Analytical Methods for Lipid Oxidation and Antioxidant Capacity in Food Systems. Antioxidants, 10, 1587. DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101587.
  2. Aroeira, C. N., de Almeida Torres Filho, R., Fontes, P. R., de Lemos Souza Ramos, A., de Miranda Gomide, L. A., Ladeira, M. M. & Ramos, E. M. (2017). Effect of freezing prior to aging on myoglobin redox forms and CIE color of beef from Nellore and Aberdeen Angus cattle. Meat Science, 125, 16-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.11.010.
  3. AOAC. (2005). Official method of Analysis (18th ed.). Washington DC: Association of Officiating Analytical Chemists.
  4. Baryłko-Pikielna, N., Kossakowska, T. & Baldwin, Z. (1964). The selection of optimal method to prepare beef and pork for the sensoric evaluation. Roczniki Instytutu Przemysłu Mięsnego, 1, 111-132.
  5. Bruas-Reignier, F. & Brun-Bellut, J. (1996). Changes affecting the Longissimus dorsi, Triceps brachii caput longum and Rectus femoris muscles of young Friesian bulls during meat ageing. Meat Science, 43(3-4), 335-344. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00019-8.
  6. Bulgaru, V., Popescu, L., Netreba, N., Ghendov-Mosanu, A. & Sturza, R. (2022). Assessment of Quality Indices and Their Influence on the Texture Profile in the Dry-Aging Process of Beef. Foods, 11, 1526. DOI: 10.3390/foods11101526.
  7. Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE). (1978). Recommendations on uniform color spaces-color difference equations. Psychometric Color Terms. Supplement No. 2 to CIE Publication No. 15 (E-1.3.1.) 1978, 1971/(TC-1-3), CIE, Paris.
  8. Dang, D. S., Bastarrachea, L. J., Martini, S. & Matarneh, S. K. (2021). Crystallization Behavior and Quality of Frozen Meat. Foods, 10(11), 2707. DOI: 10.3390/foods10112707.
  9. Dashdorj, D., Tripathi, V. K., Cho, S., Kim, Y. & Hwang, I. (2016). Dry aging of beef. Review. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 58, 20. DOI: 10.1186/s40781-016-0101-9.
  10. Daszkiewicz, T., Janiszewski, P. & Wajda, S. (2009). Quality characteristics of meat from wild red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) hinds and stags. Journal of Muscle Foods, 20, 428-448. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4573.2009.00159.x.
  11. Daszkiewicz, T., Kubiak, D., Winarski, R. & Koba-Kowalczyk, M. (2012). The effect of gender on the quality of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) meat. Small Ruminant Research, 103(2-3), 169-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.09.044.
  12. Došler, D., Polak, T., Žlender, B., & Gašperlin, L. (2007). Relation of myofibril fragmentation to textural and chemical parameters of aged pork Longissimus dorsi. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 90(1), 5-16. DOI: 10.14720/aas.2007.90.1.14965.
  13. Dzierżyńska-Cybulko, B. & Fruziński B. (1997). Dziczyzna jako źródło żywności. Poznań, Poland: PWRiL.
  14. Dzierżyńska-Cybulko, B. (1963). Influence of temperature and storage time on biochemical and physicochemical parameters of beef. Prace Komisji Nauk Rolniczych i Komisji Nauk Leśnych, 34, 3-37.
  15. EFSA BIOHAZ Panel (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards), Koutsoumanis, K., Allende, A., Alvarez-Ordóñez, A., Bover-Cid, S., Chemaly, M., De Cesare, A., Herman, L., Hilbert, F., Lindqvist, R., Nauta, M., Peixe, L., Ru, G., Simmons, M., Skandamis, P., Suffredini, E., Blagojevic, B., Van Damme, I., Hempen, M., Messens, W. & Bolton D. (2023). Scientific Opinion on the microbiological safety of aged meat. EFSA Journal, 21(1), 7745. DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7745.
  16. Farouk, M. M., Mustafa, N. M., Wu, G. & Krsinic, G. (2012). The “sponge effect” hypothesis: an alternative explanation of the improvement in the waterholding capacity of meat with ageing. Meat Science, 90, 670-677. DOI: 10.1016/J. MEATSCI.2011.10.012.
  17. Farouk, M. M., Wiklund, E., Stuart, A. & Dobbie, P. (2009). Ageing Prior to Freezing Improves the Colour of Frozen-Thawed Beef and Venison. In The 55th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology (ICoMST), 16-21 August 2009 (pp. 786-790). Copenhagen, Denmark.
  18. Feidt, C., Brun-Bellut, J. & Dransfield, E. (1998). Liberation of Peptides During Meat Storage and Their Interaction with Proteinase Activity. Meat Science, 49(2), 223-231. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(97)00118-6.
  19. Han, J., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Hao, S., Zhang, K., Tian, J. & Jin, Y. (2024). Effect of changes in the structure of myoglobin on the color of meat products. Food Materials Research, 4, e011, DOI: 10.48130/fmr-0024-0003.
  20. Han, S., Jo, K., Jeong, S. K. C., Jeon, H., Kim, S., Woo, M., Jung, S. & Lee, S. (2024). Comparative Study on the Postmortem Proteolysis and Shear Force during Aging of Pork and Beef Semitendinosus Muscles. Food Science of Animal Resources, 44(5), 1055-1068. DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2024.e37.
  21. Herring, H. K., Haggard, J. H. & Hansen, L. J. (1971). Studies on chemical and physical properties of pork in relation to quality. Journal of Animal Science, 33(3), 578-589, doi: DOI: 10.2527/jas1971.333578x.
  22. Honikel, K. O. (1998). Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Science, 49, 447-457. DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(98)00034-5.
  23. Huff-Lonergan, E. & Lonergan, S. M. (2005). Mechanisms of water-holding capacity of meat: The role of postmortem biochemical and structural changes. Meat Science, 71(1), 194-204. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.04.022.
  24. Hulánková, R., Kameník, J., Saláková, A., Závodský, D. & Borilova, G. (2018). The effect of dry aging on instrumental, chemical and microbiological parameters of organic beef loin muscle. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 89, 559-565. DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.11.014.
  25. Ishida, M., Odashima, E., Ikeda, S. & Takeda, T. (2001). Comparison of Japanese deer meat and cattle meat for cholesterol level and fatty acid composition. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 48(1), 20-26. DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.48.20. Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis Series E: FOOD TECHNOLOGY 217 Vol. XXIX (2025), no. 2
  26. Jeong, S. K. C., Kyung, J., Seonmin, L., Hayeon, J., Soeun, K., Seokhee, H., Minkyung, W., Yun-Sang, C. & Samooel, J. (2025). Changes in the Properties of Frozen Meat with Freezing and Storage Conditions and Non-Destructive Analyses for Monitoring Meat Quality. Food Science of Animal Resources, 45(3), 711-726. DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2025.e15.
  27. Joo, S. T., Lee, E. Y., Son, Y. M., Hossain, M. J., Kim, C. J., Kim, S. H., Hwang & Y. H. (2023). Aging mechanism for improving the tenderness and taste characteristics of meat. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 65(6), 1151-1168. DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e110.
  28. Kim, H. W., Kim, J. H., Seo, J. K., Setyabrata, D. & Kim, Y. H. B. (2018). Effects of aging/freezing sequence and freezing rate on meat quality and oxidative stability of pork loins, Meat Science, 139, 162-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.01.024.
  29. Kim, J. H., Kim, T. K., Shin, D. M., Kim, H. W., Kim, Y. B. & Choi, Y. S. (2020). Comparative effects of dry-aging and wet-aging on physicochemical properties and digestibility of Hanwoo beef. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33(3), 501-505. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0031.
  30. Kim, K. I., Shim, J. B., Yoo, S. M., Min, S. G., Lee, S., Jo, Y. J. & Choi, M. J. (2015). Effects of various freezing and thawing techniques on pork quality in ready-to-eat meals. African Journal of Food Science, 9(11), 525-533. DOI: 10.5897/AJFS2015.1358.
  31. Kim, S. J., Kim, G. H., Moon, C., Ko, K. B., Choi, Y. M., Choe, J. H. & Ryu, Y. C. (2022). Effects of Aging Methods and Periods on Quality Characteristics of Beef. Food Science of Animal Resources, 42(6), 953-967. DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e63.
  32. Kim, Y. H. B., Liesse, C., Kemp, R. & Balan, P. (2015). Evaluation of combined effects of ageing period and freezing rate on quality attributes of beef loins. Meat Science, 110, 40-45. doi: DOI: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2015.06.015.
  33. Kim, Y. H. B., Frandsen, M. & Rosenvold, K. (2011). Effect of ageing prior to freezing on colour stability of ovine longissimus muscle. Meat Science, 88, 332-337. DOI: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2010.12.020.
  34. Kim, Y. H. B., Luc, G., & Rosenvold, K. (2013). Pre rigor processing, ageing and freezing on tenderness and colour stability of lamb loins. Meat Science, 95(2), 412-418. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.017.
  35. Kim, S. Y., Song, D. H., Chung, W., Choi, H. S., Han, S. G., Kim, H. W. (2024). Evaluation of the Physicochemical Attributes of Beef, Chicken, and Pork Muscles Injected with Microbial Proteases for Designing Senior-Friendly Processed Meat Products. Foods, 13, 3430. DOI: 10.3390/foods13213430.
  36. Kristensen, L. & Purslow, P. P. (2001).The effect of ageing on the water-holding capacity of pork: role of cytoskeletal proteins. Meat Science, 58(1), 17-23. DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(00)00125-x.
  37. Lagerstedt, Å., Enfält, L., Johansson, L. & Lundström, K. (2008). Effect of freezing on sensory quality, shear force and water loss in beef M. longissimus dorsi. Meat Science, 80, 457-461. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.01.009.
  38. Lee, S., Han, S., Jo, K. & Jung, S. (2024). The impacts of freeze-drying-induced stresses on the quality of meat and aquatic products: Mechanisms and potential solutions to acquire high-quality products. Food Chemistry, 459, 140437, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140437.
  39. Leygonie, C., Britz, T. J. & Hoffman, L. C. (2012). Impact of freezing and thawing on the quality of meat: Review. Meat Science, 91(2), 93-98, DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.01.013.
  40. Li, G., Li, Z., Li, X., Wang, Y., Zhu, J. & Zhang, D. (2019). Postmortem ageing influences the thawed meat quality of frozen lamb loins. Food Chemistry, 275, 105-112. doi: DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2018.09.095.
  41. Li, Z., Ha, M., Frank, D., McGilchrist, P. & Warner, R. D. (2021). Volatile Profile of Dry and Wet Aged Beef Loin and Its Relationship with Consumer Flavour Liking. Foods, 10(12), 3113. DOI: 10.3390/foods10123113.
  42. Lu, N., Ma, J. & Sun, D. W. (2022). Enhancing physical and chemical quality attributes of frozen meat and meat products: Mechanisms, techniques and applications. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 124, 63-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.04.004.
  43. Morow, K. (1993). How old? A guide to age estimation in game animals (in Polish). Warsaw, Poland: Świat.
  44. Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU). (2010). Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. L 276/33.
  45. Okabe, Y., Watanabe, A., Shingu, H., Kushibiki, S., Hodate, K., Ishida, M., Ikeda, S. & Takeda, T. (2002). Effects of a tocopherol level in raw venison on lipid oxidation and volatiles during storage. Meat Science, 62(4), 457-462. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00038-4.
  46. Ortez, M., Widmar, N. O., Thompson, N. M. & Kim, Y. H. B. (2022). Valuation of dry and wet aged beef by U.S. consumers. Q Open, 2(1), qoac011. DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoac011.
  47. Pikul, J., Leszczyński, D. E. & Kummerow, F. A. (1989). Evaluation of three modified TBA methods for measuring lipid oxidation in chicken meat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 37, 1309-1313. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00089a022.
  48. Pogorzelski, G., Polkinghorne, R., Tarr, G., Półtorak, A. & Wierzbicka, A. (2021). Effect of “dry aging” or “wet aging” of beef on eating quality. Animal Science Papers And Reports, 39(3), 237-249.
  49. Puolanne, E. & Kivikari, R. (2000). Determination of the buffering capacity of postrigor meat, Meat Science, 56(1), 7-13. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(00)00007-3.
  50. Rehman, S. U., Seo, J., Romanyk, M., Shin, D. & Kim, Y. H. (2024). Impacts of Stepwise Aging/Freezing Process and Repeated Freezing on Meat Quality, Physicochemical and Biochemical Properties, and Sensory Attributes of Beef Loins. Meat and Muscle Biology, 8(1), 18294, 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22175/mmb.18294.
  51. Ruedt, C., Gibis, M. & Weiss, J. (2023). Meat color and iridescence: Origin, analysis, and approaches to modulation. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 22, 3366-3394. DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13191.
  52. Setyabrata, D. & Kim, Y. H. B. (2019). Impacts of aging/freezing sequence on microstructure, protein degradation and physico-chemical properties of beef muscles. Meat Science, 151, 64-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.01.007.
  53. Setyabrata, D., Xue, S., Vierck, K., Legako, J., Ebner, P., Zuelly, S. & Kim, Y. H. (2022). Impact of Various Dry-Aging Methods on Meat Quality and Palatability Attributes of Beef Loins (M. longissimus lumborum) from Cull Cow. Meat and Muscle Biology, 6(1), 13025. DOI: 10.22175/mmb.13025.
  54. Sirtori, F., Parrini, S., Fabbri, M. C., Aquilani, C., Dal Prà, A., Crovetti, A., Brajon, G. & Bozzi, R. (2022). Influence of Wet Ageing on Beef Quality Traits. Animals, 23, 13(1), 58. DOI: 10.3390/ani13010058.
  55. Soriano, A., Montoro, V., Vicente, J., Sánchez-Migallón, B. F., Benítez, S., Utrilla, M. C. & García Ruiz, A. (2016). Influence of evisceration time and carcass ageing conditions on wild venison quality. Preliminary study. Meat Science, 114, 130-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.12.021.
  56. Stafford, C. D., Taylor, M. J., Dang, D. S., Alruzzi, M. A., Thornton, K. J. & Matarneh, S. K. (2024). Freezing Promotes Postmortem Proteolysis in Beef by Accelerating the Activation of Endogenous Proteolytic Systems. Meat and Muscle Biology, 8(1), 17760, 1-15. doi: DOI: 10.22175/mmb.17760.
  57. Van Oeckel, M.J., Warnants, N. & Boucqueé, C. V. (1999). Comparison of different methods for measuring water holding capacity and juiciness of pork versus on-line screening methods. Meat Science, 51(4), 313-320. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(98)00123-5.
  58. Wereńska, M. & Okruszek, A. (2023). Impact of frozen storage on some functional properties and sensory evaluation of goose meat. Poultry Science, 102(10), 102894. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102894.
  59. Williams, J. C., Field, R. A., Miller, G. J. & Welke, R. A. (1983. Evaluation of TBA methods for determination of lipid oxidation in red meat from four species. Journal of Food Science, 48(6), 1776-1778. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb05082.x.
  60. Zhang, Y. & Ertbjerg, P. (2018). Effects of frozen-then-chilled storage on proteolytic enzyme activity and water-holding capacity of pork loin. Meat Science, 145, 375-382. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.07.017.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2025-0017 | Journal eISSN: 2344-150X | Journal ISSN: 2344-1496
Language: English
Page range: 209 - 220
Submitted on: Sep 10, 2025
|
Accepted on: Dec 20, 2025
|
Published on: Feb 9, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

© 2026 Tomasz Daszkiewicz, Mariusz Florek, Monika Kędzierska-Matysek, Piotr Skałecki, Anna Teter, Piotr Domaradzki, published by Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.