References
- Aarestrup F. (2012): Sustainable farming: Get pigs off antibiotics. Nature 486: 465 – 466. https://doi.org/10.1038/486465a.
- Abbas M., Saeed F., Anjum F.M., Afzaal M., Tufail T., Bashir M.S., Ishtiaq A., Hussain S., Suleria, H.A.R. (2016): Natural polyphenols: An overview. International Journal of Food Proper ties 20: 1689 – 1699. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2016.1220393.
- Abd El-Hack M.E., A lagawany M., Shaheen H., Samak D., Othman S.I., Allam A.A., Taha A.E., Khafaga A.F., Arif M., Osman A., El Sheikh A.I., Elnesr S.S., Sitohy M. (2020): Ginger and its derivatives as promising alternatives to antibiotics in poultry feed. Animals (Basel) 10:4 52. doi: 10.3390/ani10030452 PMID: 32182754; PMCID: PMC7143490.
- Alagawany M., Elnesr S.S., Farag M.R. (2019): Use of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) in poultry nutrition. Global impacts on performance, carcass and meat quality. World’s Poultry Science Journal 75: 293 – 304. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933919000059.
- Bacanli M., Başaran N. (2019): Importance of antibiotic residues in animal food. Food and chemical toxicology: an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 125: 462 – 466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.033.
- Baguistan B.J.R., Waing K.G.D., Valentino M.J. (2017): Phytochemical screening and determination of the biological activities of Bambusa vulgaris var. striata and Dendrocalamus asper shoot extracts International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences 6: 2109 – 2119. https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2017/November/1509559489MS%20IJBPAS%202017%204305.pdf.
- Bounous D., Stedman N. (2000): Normal avian haematology: chicken and turkey. In: Feldman BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC, editors. Schalm’s veterinary haematology. New York: Wiley, pp. 1147 – 1154.
- Bush B.M. (1991): Interpretation of Laboratory Results for Small Animal Clinicians. Blackwell Scientific Publications. London, UK, pp. 32 – 67.
- Cachofeiro V., Goicochea M., de Vinuesa S.G., Oubiña P., Lahera V., Luño J. (2008): Oxidative stress and inflammation, a link between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Kidney International, Supplement 111: S4 – S9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2008.516.
- Carbonneau M.A., Peuchant E., Sess D., Canioni P., Clerc M. (1991): Free and bound malondialdehyde measured as thiobarbituric acid adduct by HPLC in serum and plasma . Clinical Chemistry 37: 1423 – 1429.
- Chang Q., Wang W., Regev-Yochay G., Lipsitch M., Hanage W.P. (2015): Antibiotics in agriculture and the risk to human health: How worried should we be? Evolutionary Applications 8: 240 – 247. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12185.
- Cohen N., Ennaji H., Bouchrif B., Hassar M., Karib, H. (2007): Comparative Study of Microbiological Quality of Raw Poultry Meat at Various Seasons and for Different Slaughtering Processes in Casablanca (Morocco). Journal of Applied Poultry Research 16: 502 – 508. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2006-00061.
- Devasagayam T.P., Boloor K.K., Ramasarma T. (2003): Methods for estimating lipid peroxidation: an analysis of merits and demerits. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 40: 300 – 308.
- Dhama K., Latheef S.K., Mani S., Samad H.A., Karthik K., Tiwari R., Khan R.U., Alagawany M., Farag M.R., Alam G.M., Laudadio V., Tufarelli V. (2015): Multiple beneficial applications and modes of action of herbs in poultry health and production – A review. International Journal of Pharmacology 11: 152 – 176. http://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2015.152.176.
- Dinauer M.C., Coates T.D. (20 08): Disorders of phagocyte function and numbers. In Hoffman R., Benz, J. JR. and Shattil J., eds. Hoffman Haematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th edition Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, 50 p.
- Edeoga H.O., Okwu D.E., Mbaebie B.O. (20 05): Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants, African Journal of Biotechnology 4: 685 – 688. https://academicjournals.org/article/article1380041849_Edeoga%20et%20al.pdf.
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2010): Poultry meat and eggs: Agribusiness handbook. https://dokumen.tips/business/fao-agribusiness-handbook-poultry-meat-eggs.html.
- Gadde U., KimW.H., Oh S.T., Lillehoj H.S. (2017): Alternatives to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency in poultry: a review. Animal Health Research Reviews 18: 26 – 45. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252316000207.
- Guo X.F., Yue Y.D., Tang F., Wang J., Yao X. (2008): Detection of antioxidative capacity of bamboo leaf extract by scavenging organic free radical DPPH. Spectroscopy and Spectrometer Analysis 28: 1823 – 1826.
- Habibi S. (2019): Design concepts for the integration of bamboo in contemporary vernacular architecture. Architectural Engineering and Design Management 15: 475 – 489. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2019.1656596.
- Havsteen B.H. (2002): The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 96: 67 – 202.
- https://en.climatedata.org/africa/nigeria/lagos/epe-46640/
- https://latitude.to/map/ng/nigeria/cities/epe.
- Hu C., Zhang Y., Kitts D.D. (2000): Evaluation of antioxidant and prooxidant activities of bamboo Phyllostachys nigra var. Henonis leaf extract in vitro. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48: 3170 – 3176. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0001637.
- Imasuen J.A., Nwokoro S.O., Osa U.G.S. (2014): Responses of broiler chickens fed varying levels of dietary Telfaira occidentalis leaf (pumpkin leaf) as feed supplement. Asian Journal of Animal Sciences 8: 65 – 72. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajas.2014.65.72.
- Jakhetia V., Patel R., Khatri P., Pahuja N., Garg S., Pandey A., Sharma S. (2010): Cinnamon: A pharmacological review. Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 1: 19 – 23. Retrieved from https://sciensage.info/index.php/JASR/article/view/13.
- Kimura I., Kagawa S., TsunekiH., Tanaka K., Nagashima F. (2022): Multitasking bamboo leaf-derived compounds in prevention of infectious, inflammatory, atherosclerotic, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric diseases. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 235: 108159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108159.
- Lamb G.N. (1991): Manual of veterinary laboratory technique, CIBA-GEIGY, Kenya, pp. 98 – 99.
- Li D., Li B., Ma Y., Sun X., Lin Y., Meng X. (2017): Polyphenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids contents and the antioxidant capacity of various cultivars of highbush and half-high blueberries. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 62: 84 – 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.03.006.
- Liu Y.L., Yan T., Li X.Y., Duan Y.L., Yang X., Yang X.J. (2020): Effects of Bacillus subtilis and antibiotic growth promoters on the growth performance, intestinal function and gut microbiota of pullets from 0 to 6 weeks. Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience 14: 1619 – 1628. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120000191.
- Mhillaj E, Tarozzi A, Pruccoli L, Cuomo V, Trabace L, Mancuso C. (2019): Curcumin and Heme Oxygenase: Neuroprotection and Beyond. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20: 2419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102419 PMID: 31100781; PMCID: PMC6567096.
- Mimica-Dukic N., Bozin B., Sokovic M., Simin N. (2004): Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) essential oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52: 2485 – 2489. doi: 10.1021/jf030698a. PMID: 15113145.
- Mulyono N., Lay, B.W., Rahayu S., Yaprianti I. (2012): Antibacterial activity of petung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) leaf extract against pathogenic Escherichia coli and their chemical identification. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Archives 3: 770 – 778.
- Ni Q., Xu G., Gao Q., Yang D., Zhang Y. (2013): Evaluation of reactive oxygen species scavenging activities and DNA damage prevent ion effect of Pleioblastus kongosanensis f. aureostriatus leaf extract by chemiluminescence assay. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B, Biology 128: 115 – 121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.018.
- Niu Z.Y., Min Y.N., Liu F.Z. (2017): Dietary vitamin E improves meat quality and antioxidant capacity in broilers by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. Journal of Applied Animal Research 46: 397 – 401. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2017.1309321.
- NRC (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Ninth Revised Edition, National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
- Ognik K., Konieczka P., Stępniowska A., Jankowski J. (2020): Oxidative and epigenetic changes and gut permeability response in early-treated chickens with antibiotic or probiotic. Animals (Basel) 10: 2204. doi: 10.3390/ani10122204. PMID: 33255575; PMCID: PMC7760912.
- Oloruntola O.D., Ayodele S.O., Oloruntola D.A. (2018): Effect of pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf meal and dietary enzymes on broiler performance, digestibility, carcass and blood composition. Review of livestock breeding and veterinary medicine in tropical countries 71: 121 – 129. doi: 10.19182/remvt.31640.
- OnyishiG.C., Oguine C.C., Nwani S.I., Aguzie I.O., Nwani C.D. (2017): Haematological parameters dynamics of developing Gallus gallus domesticus. Animal Research International 14: 2769 – 2776.
- Paglia D.E., Valentine W.N. (1967): Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 70: 158 – 169.
- Pavlov A., Lashev L., Vachin I., Rusev, V. (2008): Residues of antimicrobial drugs in chicken meat and offals. Trakia Journal of Science 6: 23 – 25. http://tru.uni-sz.bg/tsj/Vol6N01_2008_supplement/Al.Pavlov.pdf.
- Peters S O., Gunn H.H., Imumorin I.G., Agaviezor B.O., Ikeobi C.O. (2011): Haematological studies on frizzled and naked neck genotypes of Nigerian native chickens. Tropical Animal Health and Production 43: 631 – 638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-010-9743-7.
- Rokka M., Jestoi M., Peltonen K. (2013): Trace level determination of polyether ionophores in feed. BioMed Research International, article ID 151363. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/151363.
- Ross Broiler Nutrition Specifications (2016): https://en.aviagen.com/assets/Tech_Center/Ross_PS/Ross308-PS-NS-2016-EN.pdf.
- SAS Institute (2009): SAS proprietary software version 9.3. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
- Seven P. T., Yılmaz S., Seven I., Cercı I. H., Azman M. A., Yılmaz M. (2009): Effects of Propolis on Selected Blood Indicators and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Broilers under Heat Stress. Acta Veterinaria Brno 7: 75 – 83. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200978010075.
- Shen M., Zhang L., Chen Y., Zhang Y., Han H., Niu Y., He J., Zhang Y., Cheng Y., Wang T. (2019a): Effects of bamboo leaf extract on growth performance, meat quality, and meat oxidative stability in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 98: 6787 – 6796. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez404.
- Shen M., Xie Z., Jia M., Li A., Han H., Wang T., Zhang L. (2019b): Effect of bamboo leaf extract on antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broiler chickens. Animals (Basel) 9: 699. http://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090699. PMID: 31540467; PMCID: PMC6770790.
- Singh V.K., Shukla R., Satish V., Kumar S., Gupta S., Mishra A. (2010): Antibacterial activity of leaves of bamboo. International Journal of Pharmacology 2: 1 – 5.
- Sinha A. K. (1972): Colorimetric assay of catalase. Analytical Biochemistry 47: 389 – 394. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(72)90132-7.
- Sun Y., Oberley L.W., Li Y. (1988). A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clinical Chemistry 34: 497 – 500. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.3.497.
- Tao C., Wu J., Liu Y., Liu M., Yang R., Lv Z. (2018): Antimicrobial activities of bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens) leaf essential oil and its major components. European Food Research and Technology 244: 881 – 891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-017-3006-z.
- Wang S., Zhang L., Li J., Cong J., Gao F., Zhou G. (2016): Effects of dietary marigold extract supplementation on growth performance, pigmentation, antioxidant capacity and meat quality in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 30: 71 – 77. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0075.
- Zelinová V., Mistrík I., Pavlovkin J., Tamás L. (2013): Glutathione peroxidase expression and activity in barley root tip after short-term treatment with cadmium, hydrogen peroxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide. Protoplasma 250: 1057 – 1065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-013-0481-3.
