Immune and lipid metabolism gene expression relationships in the liver of castrated Polish White Improved bucks supplemented with Curcuma longa and Rosmarinus officinalis extract

Clarifying the relationships between cytokines, acute phase proteins (APPs), cathelicidins (CATHs), defensins, cytolytic proteins, and the proteins involved in lipid metabolism in the liver may improve existing immunotherapeutic strategies for various diseases or establish new ones. This study aimed to determine the effect of supplementation with dry turmeric-rosemary extracts on the relationships between lipid metabolism and immune system gene expression in the liver of young castrated Polish White Improved (PWI) goat bucks. The cytokine genes correlated both with those of other cytokines and with beta defensin 1 (GBD1), as well as some CATH and APP genes.

Most relationships were strong and positive. More associations were observed in the treated group than in the control group. Our results may mean that the tested supplementation may reduce the risk of hypertriglyceridemia and improve immunity against specific pathogens, its effect on the immune system is still unclear. Moreover, the used dose of the turmeric-rosemary mixture was too high and caused sensitization or the beginning of allergic inflammation. Further studies should include different doses of the supplement and confirm or reject our supposition.