References
- Fong KL and Fan SW. An overview of the physiological effects of sustained high +Gz forces on human being. Ann Acad Med Singap 1997; 26: 94-103.
- Aerospace Medical Association Commercial Spaceflight Working Group. Suborbital commercial spaceflight crewmember medical issues. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82: 475-484. DOI: 10.3357/asem.3015.2011.
- Antuñano MJ, Blue RS, Jennings R, et al. The Commercial Spaceflight Industry: Medical Challenges and Risk Mitigation. In: Young LR and Sutton JP (eds) Handbook of Bioastronautics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021, pp.625-639.
- Peeters W. A Roadmap for Suborbital Commercial Passenger Spaceflight. New Space 2013; 1: 81-90. DOI: 10.1089/space.2013.0010.
- SpaceX. Earth Orbit, https://www.spacex.com/human-spaceflight/earth/index.html (2022, accessed 27/07/2022).
- Blue Origin. New Shepard Payloud User’s Guide. 2019.
- Blue Origin. Replay: First Human Flight Pre-Launch Mission Briefing. YouTube, 2021.
- Rainford D and Gradwell D. Ernsting’s aviation and space medicine. 2016.
- Taylor D. Blue Origin NS-19 Inside Capsule Experience. YouTube, 2022.
- Blue Origin. New Shepard, https://www.blueorigin.com/new-shepard/fly/ (2022).
- Federal Aviation Administration. Code of Federal Regulations. In: Transportation Do, (ed.). eCFR2021, p. 955-959.
- Pollock RD, Gates SD, Storey JA, et al. Indices of acceleration atelectasis and the effect of hypergravity duration on its development. Experimental Physiology 2021; 106: 18-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/EP088495.
- Pollock RD, Jolley CJ, Abid N, et al. Pulmonary Effects of Sustained Periods of High-G Acceleration Relevant to Suborbital Spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2021; 92: 633-641. 2021/09/11. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.5790.2021.
- Menden T, Alcain GB, Stevenson AT, et al. Dynamic lung behavior under high G acceleration monitored with electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2021; 42 20210927. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac1c63.
- Rohdin M, Petersson J, Mure M, et al. Protective effect of prone posture against hypergravity-induced arterial hypoxaemia in humans. J Physiol 2003; 548: 585-591. 20030221. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.035956.
- Prisk GK. Microgravity and the respiratory system. European Respiratory Journal 2014; 43: 1459-1471. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00001414.
- Ahmedzai S, Balfour-Lynn IM, Bewick T, et al. Managing passengers with stable respiratory disease planning air travel: British Thoracic Society recommendations. Thorax 2011; 66: i1-i30. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200295.
- Federal Aviation Administration. Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Occupant Safety. In: Transportation OoCS, (ed.). 2014, p. 7-49.
- Federal Aviation Administration. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), https://www.faa.gov/space/additional_information/faq#commercial6 (2022, accessed 26/07/2022).
- Rayman RB, Antuñano MJ, Garber MA, et al. Medical guidelines for space passengers--II. Aviat Space Environ Med 2002; 73: 1132-1134.
- Law J, Mathers C, Fondy S, et al. NASA’s Human System Risk Management Approach and Its Applicability to Commercial Spaceflight. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine 2013; 84: 68-73. DOI: 10.3357/ASEM.3421.2013.
- Jennings R and Vanderploeg JM. Flight Crew Medical Standards and Spaceflight Participant Medical Acceptance Guidelines for Commercial Space Flight. 2012. Center of Excellence for Commercial Space Transportation.
- Blue RS, Pattarini JM, Reyes DP, et al. Tolerance of Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight by Medical Condition. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 2014; 85: 721-729. DOI: 10.3357/asem.3956.2014.
- Blue RS, Blacher E, Castleberry TL, et al. Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight in a Subject with Cardiac Malformation. Aerospace medicine and human performance 2015; 86: 999-1003. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.4339.2015.
- Blue RS, Reyes DP, Castleberry TL, et al. Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight in Subjects with Cardiac Implanted Devices. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 2015; 86: 410-413. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.4122.2015.
- Levin D, Blue R, Castleberry T, et al. Tolerance of Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight in Subjects with Implanted Insulin Pumps. Aerospace medicine and human performance 2015; 86: 407-409. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.4134.2015.
- Suresh R, Blue RS, Mathers CH, et al. Dysrhythmias in Laypersons During Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2017; 88: 1008-1015. DOI: 10.3357/amhp.4910.2017.
- Pollock RD, Hodkinson PD and Smith TG. Oh G: The x, y and z of human physiological responses to acceleration. Exp Physiol 2021; 106: 2367-2384. 20211117. DOI: 10.1113/ep089712.
- McKenzie I and Gillingham KK. Incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias occurring during centrifuge training. Aviat Space Environ Med 1993; 64: 687-691.
- Hanada R, Hisada T, Tsujimoto T, et al. Arrhythmias observed during high-G training: proposed training safety criterion. Aviat Space Environ Med 2004; 75: 688-691.
- Kress JP, Pohlman AS, Alverdy J, et al. The impact of morbid obesity on oxygen cost of breathing (VO(2RESP)) at rest. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 883-886. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9902058.
- Masa JF, Pépin J-L, Borel J-C, et al. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome. European Respiratory Review 2019; 28: 180097. DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0097-2018.
- Robert I. White J and Alexander JK. Body oxygen consumption and pulmonary ventilation in obese subjects. Journal of Applied Physiology 1965; 20: 197-201. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1965.20.2.197.
- Caplan N and Newman C. William Shatner oldest astronaut at 90 – Here’s how space tourism could affect older people, https://www.space.com/how-space-tourism-could-affect-older-people (2021).
- Blue Origin. Blue Origin safely launches four commercial astronauts to space and back. blueorigin.com2021.
- Cardús J, Burgos F, Diaz O, et al. Increase in pulmonary ventilation-perfusion inequality with age in healthy individuals. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 648-653. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.9606016.
- CASA. Medication, https://www.casa.gov.au/licences-and-certificates/medical-professionals/dames-clinical-practice-guidelines/medication (2021).
- Blue RS, Bonato F, Seaton K, et al. The Effects of Training on Anxiety and Task Performance in Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2017; 88: 641-650. DOI: 10.3357/amhp.4807.2017.
- Aerospace Medical Association Air Transport Medicine Committee. Medical Emergencies: Managing In-flight Medical Events. 2016. Aerospace Medical Association.
- Schroeder GS, Clark JC, Gallagher DM, et al. Medical guidelines for suborbital commercial human spaceflight: A review. Acta Astronautica 2021; 187: 529-536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2021.02.027.
- Scott JPR, Stevenson AT and Lupa H. Space Tourism - an acceleration physiologist’s perspective. Aerospace Medical Association. 2012.
- Blue RS, Jennings RT, Antunano MJ, et al. Commercial spaceflight: Progress and challenges in expanding human access to space. REACH 2017; 7-8: 6-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reach.2018.08.001.
- Mack A, Steelant J, Adirim H, et al. FAST20XX: Achievements on European Suborbital Space Flight. 2011, p.35.
- Whiting M and Abadie L. 5 Hazards of Human Spaceflight, https://www.nasa.gov/hrp/5-hazards-of-human-spaceflight (2019).
- Reingold J. Hondas in Space. Fast Company, 2005.