References
- Gaitonde DY, Rowley KD, Sweeney LB. Hypothyroidism: an update. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Aug 1;86(3):244-51.
- Rork JF, Rashighi M, Harris JE. Understanding autoimmunity of vitiligo and alopecia areata. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2016 Aug;28(4):463-9.
- Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, Giuggioli D, Colaci M, Ferrari SM, Antonelli A, et al. Associations between Systemic Sclerosis and Thyroid Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:266.
- Murtas R, Andreano A, Gervasi F, Guido D, Consolazio D, Tunesi S, et al. Association between autoimmune diseases and COVID-19 as assessed in both a test-negative case–control and population case–control design. Autoimmunity Highlights. 2020 2020/10/06;11(1):15.
- Canaris GJ, Steiner JF, Ridgway EC. Do traditional symptoms of hypothyroidism correlate with biochemical disease? J Gen Intern Med. 1997 Sep;12(9):544-50.
- Derubertis FR, Jr., Michelis MF, Bloom ME, Mintz DH, Field JB, Davis BB. Impaired water excretion in myxedema. Am J Med. 1971 Jul;51(1):41-53.
- Lee JJ, Kilonzo K, Nistico A, Yeates K. Management of hyponatremia. Cmaj. 2014 May 13;186(8):E281-6.
- Dineen R, Thompson CJ, Sherlock M. Hyponatraemia - presentations and management. Clin Med (Lond). 2017 Jun;17(3):263-9.
- Kilpatrick ES. Disorders of sodium balance: hypothyroidism and hyponatraemia: an old wives’ tale? Bmj. 2006 Apr 8;332(7545):854.
- Rachoin JS, Cerceo EA. Four nephrology myths debunked. J Hosp Med. 2011 May;6(5):E1-5.
- Schwarz C, Leichtle AB, Arampatzis S, Fiedler GM, Zimmermann H, Exadaktylos AK, et al. Thyroid function and serum electrolytes: does an association really exist? Swiss Med Wkly. 2012;142:w13669.
- Katoch CD, Brar KS, Singh B. Evaluation of thyroid and adrenal functions in patients with hyponatremia. Med J Armed Forces India. 2013 Jul;69(3):237-40.
- Croal BL, Blake AM, Johnston J, Glen AC, O’Reilly DS. Absence of relation between hyponatraemia and hypothyroidism. Lancet. 1997 Nov 8;350(9088):1402.
- Shakir MK, Krook LS, Schraml FV, Hays JH, Clyde PW. Symptomatic hyponatremia in association with a low-iodine diet and levothyroxine withdrawal prior to I131 in patients with metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2008 Jul;18(7):787-92.
- Kim SK, Yun GY, Kim KH, Park SK, Choi HY, Ha SK, et al. Severe hyponatremia following radioactive iodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2014 Apr;24(4):773-7.
- Krishnamurthy VR, McDougall IR. Severe hyponatremia: a danger of low-iodine diet. Thyroid. 2007 Sep;17(9):889-92.
- Sari R, Sevinc A. Life-threatening hyponatremia due to cessation of L-thyroxine. J Natl Med Assoc. 2003 Oct;95(10):991-4.
- Chaudhary N, Warraich F, Warraich Z, Warraich S, Anwer F. Effect of Optimal Thyroid Replacement Therapy on Chronic Hyponatremia with Focused Review of the Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications. Cureus. 2019 Oct 1;11(10):e5813.
- Milionis HJ, Liamis GL, Elisaf MS. The hyponatremic patient: a systematic approach to laboratory diagnosis. Cmaj. 2002 Apr 16;166(8):1056-62.
- Aylwin S, Burst V, Peri A, Runkle I, Thatcher N. ‘Dos and don’ts’ in the management of hyponatremia. Curr Med Res Opin. 2015;31(9):1755-61.
- Hierholzer K, Finke R. Myxedema. Kidney Int Suppl. 1997 Jun;59:S82-9.
- Iglesias P, Díez JJ. Thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009 Apr;160(4):503-15.
- Emmanouel DS, Lindheimer MD, Katz AI. Mechanism of impaired water excretion in the hypothyroid rat. J Clin Invest. 1974 Oct;54(4):926-34.
- Park CW, Shin YS, Ahn SJ, Kim SY, Choi EJ, Chang YS, et al. Thyroxine treatment induces upregulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system due to decreasing effective plasma volume in patients with primary myxoedema. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001 Sep;16(9):1799-806.
- Kumar J, Gordillo R, Kaskel FJ, Druschel CM, Woroniecki RP. Increased prevalence of renal and urinary tract anomalies in children with congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr. 2009 Feb;154(2):263-6.
- Quesada A, Sainz J, Wangensteen R, Rodriguez-Gomez I, Vargas F, Osuna A. Nitric oxide synthase activity in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002 Jul;147(1):117-22.
- Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, Annane D, Ball S, Bichet D, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014 Apr;29 Suppl 2:i1-i39.
- Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, Korzelius C, Schrier RW, Sterns RH, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med. 2013 Oct;126(10 Suppl 1):S1-42.
- Verbalis JG, Drutarosky MD. Adaptation to chronic hypoosmolality in rats. Kidney Int. 1988 Sep;34(3):351-60.
- Martin RJ. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: the osmotic demyelination syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;75 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):iii22-8.
- Gankam-Kengne F, Couturier BS, Soupart A, Brion JP, Decaux G. Osmotic Stress-Induced Defective Glial Proteostasis Contributes to Brain Demyelination after Hyponatremia Treatment. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jun;28(6):1802-13.
- Rossi J, Bayram M, Udelson JE, Lloyd-Jones D, Adams KF, Oconnor CM, et al. Improvement in hyponatremia during hospitalization for worsening heart failure is associated with improved outcomes: insights from the Acute and Chronic Therapeutic Impact of a Vasopressin Antagonist in Chronic Heart Failure (ACTIV in CHF) trial. Acute Card Care. 2007;9(2):82-6.
- Wong F, Gines P, Watson H, Horsmans Y, Angeli P, Gow P, et al. Effects of a selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, satavaptan, on ascites recurrence after paracentesis in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2010 Aug;53(2):283-90.
- Jovanovich AJ, Berl T. Where vaptans do and do not fit in the treatment of hyponatremia. Kidney Int. 2013 Apr;83(4):563-7.