References
- 1. Rad Pour S, Morikawa H, Kiani NA, Yang M, Azimi A, Shafi G, et al. Exhaustion of CD4+ T-cells mediated by the Kynurenine Pathway in Melanoma. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):12150.10.1038/s41598-019-48635-x670415631434983
- 2. Antohe M, Nedelcu RI, Nichita L, Popp CG, Cioplea M, Brinzea A, et al. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes: The regulator of melanoma evolution. Oncol Lett. 2019 May;17(5):4155–61.10.3892/ol.2019.9940644429830944610
- 3. Hendry S, Salgado R, Gevaert T, Russell PA, John T, Thapa B, et al. Assessing Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Solid Tumors: A Practical Review for Pathologists and Proposal for a Standardized Method from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Working Group: Part 2: TILs in Melanoma, Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinomas, Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Mesothelioma, Endometrial and Ovarian Carcinomas, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck, Genitourinary Carcinomas, and Primary Brain Tumors. Adv Anat Pathol. 2017 Nov;24(6):311–35.10.1097/PAP.0000000000000161563869628777143
- 4. Weiss SA, Han SW, Lui K, Tchack J, Shapiro R, Berman R, et al. Immunologic heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte composition in primary melanoma. Hum Pathol. 2016 Nov;57:116–25.10.1016/j.humpath.2016.07.008570644627473267
- 5. Hadrup S, Donia M, Thor Straten P. Effector CD4 and CD8 T cells and their role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Microenviron. 2013 Aug;6(2):123-33.10.1007/s12307-012-0127-6371705923242673
- 6. Teng MW, Ngiow SF, Ribas A, Smyth MJ. Classifying Cancers Based on T-cell Infiltration and PD-L1. Cancer Res. 2015;75(11):2139-2145.10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-0255445241125977340
- 7. Mandalà M, Merelli B, Massi D. PD-L1 in melanoma: facts and myths. Melanoma Manag. 2016;3(3):187-194.10.2217/mmt-2016-0013609643730190888
- 8. Obeid JM, Erdag G, Smolkin ME, et al. PD-L1, PD-L2 and PD-1 expression in metastatic melanoma: Correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and clinical outcome. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(11):e1235107.10.1080/2162402X.2016.1235107513963527999753
- 9. Gadiot J, Hooijkaas AI, Kaiser AD, van Tinteren H, van Boven H, Blank C. Overall survival and PD-L1 expression in metastasized malignant melanoma. Cancer. 2011;117(10):2192-2201.10.1002/cncr.2574721523733
- 10. Kaunitz GJ, Cottrell TR, Lilo M, et al. Melanoma subtypes demonstrate distinct PD-L1 expression profiles. Lab Invest. 2017;97(9):1063-1071.10.1038/labinvest.2017.64568516328737763
- 11. Hirsch FR, McElhinny A, Stanforth D, et al. PD-L1 Immunohistochemistry Assays for Lung Cancer: Results from Phase 1 of the Blueprint PD-L1 IHC Assay Comparison Project. J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12(2):208-222.10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.2228
- 12. Zajac M, Ye J, Mukhopadhyay P, et al. Optimal PD-L1-high cutoff for association with overall survival in patients with urothelial cancer treated with durvalumab monotherapy. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231936.10.1371/journal.pone.0231936
- 13. Mahoney KM, Freeman GJ, McDermott DF. The Next Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors: PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade in Melanoma. Clin Ther. 2015;37(4):764-782.10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.02.018
- 14. Kakavand H, Rawson RV, Pupo GM, et al. PD-L1 Expression and Immune Escape in Melanoma Resistance to MAPK Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(20):6054-6061.10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1688
- 15. Piras F, Colombari R, Minerba L, et al. The predictive value of CD8, CD4, CD68, and human leukocyte antigen-D-related cells in the prognosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma with vertical growth phase. Cancer. 2005;104(6):1246-1254.10.1002/cncr.21283
- 16. Zhu J, Paul WE. CD4 T cells: fates, functions, and faults. Blood. 2008;112(5):1557-1569.10.1182/blood-2008-05-078154
- 17. Dadmarz R, Sgagias MK, Rosenberg SA, Schwartzentruber DJ. CD4+ T lymphocytes infiltrating human breast cancer recognise autologous tumor in an MHC-class-II restricted fashion [published correction appears in Cancer Immunol Immunother 1995 Sep;41(3):201]. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1995;40(1):1-9.
- 18. Dadmarz RD, Ordoubadi A, Mixon A, et al. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from human ovarian cancer patients recognize autologous tumor in an MHC class II-restricted fashion. Cancer J Sci Am. 1996;2(5):263-272.
- 19. Robbins PF, El-Gamil M, Li YF, Zeng G, Dudley M, Rosenberg SA. Multiple HLA class II-restricted melanocyte differentiation antigens are recognized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from a patient with melanoma. J Immunol. 2002;169(10):6036-6047.10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.6036
- 20. Thomas WD, Hersey P. CD4 T cells kill melanoma cells by mechanisms that are independent of Fas (CD95). Int J Cancer. 1998;75(3):384-390.10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980130)75:3<384::AID-IJC10>3.0.CO;2-9
- 21. Chen Q, Hersey P. MHC-restricted responses of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell clones from regional lymph nodes of melanoma patients. Int J Cancer. 1992;51(2):218-224.10.1002/ijc.2910510209
- 22. Takahashi T, Chapman PB, Yang SY, Hara I, Vijayasaradhi S, Houghton AN. Reactivity of autologous CD4+ T lymphocytes against human melanoma. J Immunol. 1995;154:772-779.
- 23. Ladányi A. Prognostic and predictive significance of immune cells infiltrating cutaneous melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2015;28(5):490-500.10.1111/pcmr.12371
- 24. Pandiyan P, Hegel JK, Krueger M, Quandt D, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. High IFN-gamma production of individual CD8 T lymphocytes is controlled by CD152 (CTLA-4). J Immunol. 2007;178(4):2132-2140.10.4049/jimmunol.178.4.213217277117
- 25. Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, et al. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell. 2012;149(5):1060-1072.10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.042336738622632970
- 26. Yang WS, SriRamaratnam R, Welsch ME, et al. Regulation of ferroptotic cancer cell death by GPX4. Cell. 2014;156(1-2):317-331.10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.010407641424439385
- 27. Wang W, Green M, Choi JE, et al. CD8+ T cells regulate tumour ferroptosis during cancer immunotherapy. Nature. 2019;569(7755):270-274.10.1038/s41586-019-1170-y653391731043744
- 28. Cameron F, Whiteside G, Perry C. Ipilimumab: first global approval. Drugs. 2011;71(8):1093-1104.10.2165/11594010-000000000-0000021668044
- 29. Martens A, Wistuba-Hamprecht K, Yuan J, et al. Increases in Absolute Lymphocytes and Circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Are Associated with Positive Clinical Outcome of Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(19):4848-4858.10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0249554438627169993
- 30. Maibach F, Sadozai H, Seyed Jafari SM, Hunger RE, Schenk M. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Their Prognostic Value in Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Immunol. 2020;11:2105.10.3389/fimmu.2020.02105751154733013886
- 31. Steele KE, Tan TH, Korn R, et al. Measuring multiple parameters of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human cancers by image analysis. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):20.10.1186/s40425-018-0326-x583900529510739