Figure 1.
Landmarks used in the study; Ar (Articulare): The point at the junction of the posterior border of the ramus and the inferior border of the posterior cranial base. Co (Condylion): The most superior point of the mandibular condyle. Gn (Gnathion): The most anterior and inferior point on the mandibular symphysis. Go (Gonion): The most posterior and inferior point on the angle of the mandible. Menton (Me): The most inferior point on the mandibular symphysis. Or (Orbitale): The most inferior point on the inferior margin of the orbit. Po (Porion): The superior-most point of the external auditory meatus. S (Sella): The centre of the sella turcica. (For the bilateral landmarks Ar, Co, Go, Or and Po, midpoints of the left and right images were used). Measurements used in the study; Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA): The angle between Frankfort horizontal plane (Po-Or) and mandibular plane (Go-Me). Articular angle: The angle formed by joining the points S, Ar and Go. Gonial angle: The angle formed by joining the points Ar, Go and Me. Effective mandibular length: The distance between the points Co and Gn.
Figure 2.
Cephalometric tracing of a study subject with analysis results on Webceph.
Table I.
The descriptive statistics of the data used in the study
| Methods | n | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Standard deviation | Median | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Webceph | Articular Angle (degree) | 51 | 137.50 | 161.20 | 148.45 | 5.44 | 147.90 |
| Gonial Angle (degree) | 51 | 108.00 | 133.10 | 122.72 | 5.73 | 123.40 | |
| Effective Mandibular Length (mm) | 51 | 98.50 | 122.60 | 108.95 | 6.36 | 110.00 | |
| FMA (degree) | 51 | 13.40 | 43.00 | 25.66 | 5.96 | 25.50 | |
| Manual Tracing | Articular Angle (degree) | 51 | 134 | 163 | 149.39 | 6.84 | 150 |
| Gonial Angle (degree) | 51 | 100 | 137 | 119.81 | 7.16 | 120 | |
| Effective Mandibular Length (mm) | 51 | 97 | 142 | 113.29 | 8.72 | 113 | |
| FMA (degree) | 51 | 12 | 37 | 25.96 | 5.56 | 26.5 |
Table II.
Test-retest and intraclass correlation coefficients for clinical measurements
Table III.
Comparison of the means of clinical measurements based on the programs used in the study
| Methods | Mean | Standard deviation | Test statistics | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Articular Angle (degree) | Webceph | 148.45 | 5.44 | -0.77 | 0.444 |
| Manual Tracing | 149.39 | 6.84 | |||
| Gonial Angle (degree) | Webceph | 122.72 | 5.73 | 2.26 | 0.026* |
| Manual Tracing | 119.81 | 7.16 | |||
| Effective Mandibular Length (mm) | Webceph | 108.95 | 6.36 | -2.87 | 0.005* |
| Manual Tracing | 113.29 | 8.73 | |||
| FMA (degree) | Webceph | 25.66 | 5.96 | -0.261 | 0.794 |
| Manual Tracing | 25.96 | 5.56 |