Have a personal or library account? Click to login

Workforce practices of orthodontists in Australia: now and in the future

Open Access
|Apr 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Factors reported to be relevant in decision of trainee and qualified orthodontists to only work in metropolitan areas.
Factors reported to be relevant in decision of trainee and qualified orthodontists to only work in metropolitan areas.

Figure 2.

Factors which would most motivate trainee or qualified orthodontists to consider working in non-metropolitan areas.
Factors which would most motivate trainee or qualified orthodontists to consider working in non-metropolitan areas.

Figure 3.

Predicted FTE units entering and exiting the orthodontic workforce 2023-2033.
Predicted FTE units entering and exiting the orthodontic workforce 2023-2033.

Figure 4.

Predicted net changes in FTE units for different types of orthodontic practice 2023-2033.
Predicted net changes in FTE units for different types of orthodontic practice 2023-2033.

Qualified orthodontist concerns about the future of orthodontics in Australia (n = 19)

Themen (%)
Cost of specialist training1 (5.2%)
Not enough trainee orthodontists interested in practice ownership1 (5.2%)
Insufficient orthodontists3 (15.7%)
Operating costs of practice ownership2 (10.5%)
Lack of interest in specialty training1 (5.2%)
Low quality orthodontic care driven by marketing3 (15.7%)
Not enough orthodontists in academia1 (5.2%)
Overseas orthodontists working in Australia without proper qualification2 (5.2%)
Public not aware/appreciative of specialist orthodontic qualifications2 (5.2%)
Shortage of orthodontists in non-metropolitan areas2 (10.5%)
ASO not doing enough for members3 (15.7%)
Staffing issues3 (15.7%)

Trainee orthodontist years until qualification and state of practice

n (%)
Approx years until qualification
  18 (25)
  210 (31.2)
  314 (43.7)
Intended state of practice
  New South Wales9 (28.1)
  Victoria7 (21.8)
  Queensland9 (28.1)
  Western Australia0 (0)
  South Australia1 (3.1)
  Australian Capital Territory2 (6.2)
  Northern Territory0 (0)
  Tasmania0 (0)
  Undecided4 (12.5)

Comparison of FTE units/clinician between different respondent groups

Respondent groupAverage FTE units/clinician (SD)Comparison groupDifference in FTE unitsP value
<5 years experience1.00 (0.21)TOs0.001.000
6 to 10 years0.110.739
11 to 20 years0.130.487
21to 30 years0.21*0.039
30+ years0.37*<0.001
6 to 10 years experience0.89 (0.19)TOs-0.110.572
<5 years-0.110.739
11 to 20 years0.011.000
21 to 30 years0.100.686
30+ years0.25*0.004
11 to 20 years experience0.87 (0.25)TOs-0.130.225
<5 years-0.130.487
6 to 10 years-0.011.000
21 to 30 years0.080.611
30+ years0.23*<0.001
21 to 30 years experience0.78 (0.26)TOs-0.22*0.003
<5 years-0.21*0.039
6 to 10 years-0.100.686
11 to 20 years-0.080.611
30+ years0.150.068
30+y experience0.63 (0.32)TOs-0.37*<0.001
<5 years-0.37*<0.001
6 to 10 years-0.25*0.004
11 to 20 years-0.23*<0.001
21 to 30 years-0.150.068
Males0.83 (0.30)Females0.000.998
Prefer not to say-0.100.796
Females0.83 (0.22)Males-0.000.998
Prefer not to say-0.110.793
Prefer not to say0.91 (0.14)Males0.100.796
Females0.110.793
TOs1.01 (0.14)<5 years0.001.00
6 to 10 years0.110.572
11 to 20 years0.130.225
21 to 30 years0.22*0.003
30+ years0.37*<0.001
<5 years0.001.00

Qualified orthodontist years since qualification and state of practice

n (%)
Years since qualification
  <516 (10.1)
  6-1019 (12.0)
  11-2040 (25.3)
  21-3041 (25.9)
  >3042 (26.5)
State of practice
  New South Wales46 (29.1)
  Victoria38 (24.0)
  Queensland27 (17.0)
  Western Australia10 (6.3)
  South Australia28 (17.7)
  Australian Capital Territory6 (3.7)
  Northern Territory0 (0)
  Tasmania3 (1.8)

QOs and TOs concerns about the future of orthodontics in Australia

QOsTOs
Neutral n (%)Minor concern n (%)Major concern n (%)Neutral n (%)Minor concern n (%)Major concern n (%)
GDPs practicing orthodontics13 (8.2)74 (46.8)71 (44.9)4 (12.5)15 (46.8)13 (40.6)
Too many orthodontists57 (36.5)83 (53.2)16 (10.2)14 (43.7)12 (37.5)6 (18.7)
Not enough orthodontists in academia21 (13.4)53 (33.9)82 (52.5)11 (34.3)10 (31.2)11 (34.3)
Too few patients62 (39.7)78 (50)16 (10.2)13 (40.6)14 (43.7)5 (15.6)
DTC appliances27 (17.3)86 (55.1)43 (27.5)10 (31.2)10 (31.2)12 (37.5)
Corporate orthodontic practices33 (21.1)76 (48.7)47 (30.1)5 (15.6)15 (46.8)12 (37.5)
Not enough orthodontists in non-metropolitan areas32 (20.5)71 (45.5)53 (33.9)15 (46.8)13 (40.6)4 (12.5)
Artificial intelligence43 (27.5)90 (57.6)23 (14.7)13 (40.6)12 (37.5)7 (21.8)

Retirement intentions of QOs and TOs

QOsTOs
From now, when do you intend to retire?From qualification, when do you intend to retire?
Time until retirementn (% of total FTE)n (% of total FTE)
<1year10 (4.6)0 (0)
1 to 2 years9 (5.1)0 (0)
2 to 5 years32 (20.2)0 (0)
5 to 10 years28 (17.1)0 (0)
10 to 20 years25 (18.2)3 (7.6)
20 to 30 years19 (13.4)6 (19.1)
30+years5 (2.9)11 (33.7)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2025-0006 | Journal eISSN: 2207-7480 | Journal ISSN: 2207-7472
Language: English
Page range: 100 - 111
Submitted on: Dec 1, 2024
Accepted on: Feb 1, 2025
Published on: Apr 9, 2025
Published by: Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year

© 2025 Andrew Wang, Maurice J. Meade, published by Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.