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Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study Cover

Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study

Australasian Orthodontic Journal
Volume 40 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)
By: ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Mar 2024
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

A, Angle created for measuring torque movement using GOM Inspect Professional software (GOM, 2018, Braunschweig, Germany). B, Angle created for measuring tipping movement. C, Angle created for measuring rotation movement.

Figure 2.

The flow chart of the study.

Table I.

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of torque values (degree) of the lateral incisor teeth

1°2°3°4°5°
GroupMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDp*
Control1.14 ± 0.851.66 ± 0.821.42 ± 0.741.32 ± 0.621.49 ± 0.42ab0.852
Buccal Power Ridge1.40 ± 1.121.34 ± 1.021.32 ± 1.070.98 ± 0.531.07 ± 0.56a0.963
Buccal and Palatal
Power Ridge		0.83 ± 0.40A1.16 ± 0.71AB1.49 ± 0.81AB2.04 ± 0.85AB2.15 ± 0.40Bb0.004*
Vertical Ellipsoid1.22 ± 0.741.43 ± 0.761.33 ± 1.181.31 ± 0.801.59 ± 0.64ab0.644
Horizontal Ellipsoid0.79 ± 0.701.25 ± 0.711.88 ± 1.121.56 ± 1.152.08 ± 0.96ab0.072
p0.5910.7320.6260.1450.017*

1* There is a statistically significant difference at p < .05.

1 Different letters show statistical differences (Uppercases indicate intra-group differences, lowercases indicate inter-group differences).

1 SD, Standard deviation.

Table II.

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the central incisor teeth

1°2°3°4°5°
Mean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDp*
No Attachment2.00 ± 1.111.36 ± 0.921.24 ± 0.951.23 ± 0.801.24 ± 1.080.630
Buccal Power Ridge1.14 ± 0.671.27 ± 1.310.94 ± 0.671.80 ± 1.111.24 ± 0.730.486
Buccal and Palatal
Power Ridge		0.91 ± 0.861.20 ± 0.881.15 ± 0.620.94 ± 0.480.99 ± 0.510.868
Vertical Ellipsoid1.21 ± 0.891.18 ± 1.131.16 ± 0.951.37 ± 0.741.12 ± 0.650.916
Horizontal Ellipsoid1.05 ± 0.650.89 ± 0.490.84 ± 0.770.93 ± 0.870.87 ± 0.450.903
p0.1750.8700.8850.2780.896

1* There is a statistically significant difference at p < .05.

1 SD, Standard deviation.

Table III.

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the canine teeth

1°2°3°4°5°
GroupMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDp*
No Attachment1.23 ± 0.692.12 ± 0.95abc1.64 ± 1.370.99 ± 0.601.78 ± 1.250.209
Buccal Power Ridge1.20 ± 0.50A3.69 ± 1.43Ba2.88 ± 1.56AB1.86 ± 1.26AB3.10 ± 3.05AB0.015*
Buccal and Palatal
Power Ridge		1.78 ± 0.920.94 ± 0.57b1.04 ± 0.621.76 ± 1.901.21 ± 1.150.506
Vertical Ellipsoid0.90 ± 0.621.83 ± 1.34abc0.85 ± 0.761.86 ± 1.781.33 ± 1.310.278
Horizontal Ellipsoid1.52 ± 1.001.24 ± 0.63c1.57 ± 0.891.10 ± 0.771.51 ± 1.300.870
p0.297<0.001*0.0340.6980.324

1* There is a statistically significant difference at p < .05.

1** Different letters show statistical difference (Uppercases indicate intra-group differences, lowercases indicate inter-group differences).

1 SD, Standard deviation.

Figure 3.

Column chart showing the effectiveness of torque movement at different degrees. A, Distribution of torque values in lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of torque values in canine teeth based on degree and mechanism type. C, Distribution of torque values in central incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 4.

The table presents side effects resulting from applying torque movement at different degrees to the lateral incisor teeth. A, Distribution of rotation values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of tipping values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 5.

Examples of buccal and palatal interferences in models with 5° torque movement. A-B, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the group without attachments. C-D, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal power ridge group. E-F, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal and palatal power ridge group. G-H, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the horizontal ellipsoid attachment group. I-J, Image of interference in the vertical ellipsoid attachment group.

Schematic view of the created experimental setup.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2024-0003 | Journal eISSN: 2207-7480 | Journal ISSN: 2207-7472
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 13 - 24
Submitted on: Dec 1, 2023
Accepted on: Jan 1, 2024
Published on: Mar 20, 2024
Published by: Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2024 Rüveyda Doğrugören, Kübra Gülnur Topsakal, Gökhan Serhat Duran, Berat Serdar Akdenizv, Serkan Görgülü, published by Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 40 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)
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