Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Demographic distribution of the subjects
| Demographic | Category | Frequency (n = 117) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 47 | 40.1 |
| Female | 70 | 59.9 | |
| Age | 18–30 years old | 32 | 27.4 |
| 31–49 years old | 55 | 47.0 | |
| ≥ 50 years old | 30 | 25.6 | |
| Ethnicity | Malay | 81 | 69.2 |
| Chinese | 21 | 17.9 | |
| Indian | 12 | 10.3 | |
| Others | 3 | 2.6 |
Median of the scores considering different genders and levels of gingival display
| Gingival display | Male | Female | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| -4 mm | 5.0 | 4.0 | 0.017* |
| -2 mm | 6.0 | 5.0 | 0.088 |
| 0 mm | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0.027* |
| +2 mm | 6.0 | 5.0 | 0.006* |
| +4 mm | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0.383 |
| P value | <0.001† | <0.001† |
Median scores for each level of gingival display for all the subjects
| Gingival display | Median |
|---|---|
| -4 mm | 4.0 |
| -2 mm | 6.0 |
| 0 mm | 5.0 |
| +2 mm | 5.0 |
| +4 mm | 5.0 |
| P value | <0.001* |
Median of the scores considering different ethnicity groups and levels of gingival display
| Gingival display | Malay | Chinese | Indian | Others | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -4 mm | 4.00 | 6.00 | 4.50 | 4.00 | 0.245 |
| -2 mm | 6.00 | 6.00 | 4.50 | 4.00 | 0.039* |
| 0 mm | 5.00 | 6.00 | 5.00 | 4.00 | 0.257 |
| +2 mm | 5.00 | 6.00 | 5.50 | 4.00 | 0.316 |
| +4 mm | 5.00 | 6.00 | 4.50 | 3.00 | 0.072 |
| P value | <0.001† | 0.018† | 0.661 | 0.034† |
Median of the scores considering different age groups and levels of gingival display
| Gingival display | 18 – 30 | 31 – 49 | ≥ 50 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -4 mm | 5.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 0.087 |
| -2 mm | 6.00 | 6.00 | 5.50 | 0.256 |
| 0 mm | 6.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.119 |
| +2 mm | 6.00 | 5.00 | 6.00 | 0.037* |
| +4 mm | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.220 |
| P value | 0.011† | <0.001† | 0.204 |