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Dysbiotic changes of periodontal pathogens in patients wearing conventional and self-ligating orthodontic appliances Cover

Dysbiotic changes of periodontal pathogens in patients wearing conventional and self-ligating orthodontic appliances

Australasian Orthodontic Journal
Volume 39 (2023): Issue 1 (January 2023)
By:
Open Access
|Mar 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Orthodontic appliances impact oral health since patients must change their eating habits. Braces create oral hygiene difficulty and produce changes in salivary pH and disruption of the oral biofilm leading to inflammatory changes, plus damage to the periodontal tissues.
Orthodontic appliances impact oral health since patients must change their eating habits. Braces create oral hygiene difficulty and produce changes in salivary pH and disruption of the oral biofilm leading to inflammatory changes, plus damage to the periodontal tissues.

Figure 2.

A, Presence of bacteria in C group. B, The bacterial presence of F. nucleatum is significantly higher in the CLA group displaying 100% of positivity when compared to SLA. C, Bacterial presence is lower in the SLA group.
A, Presence of bacteria in C group. B, The bacterial presence of F. nucleatum is significantly higher in the CLA group displaying 100% of positivity when compared to SLA. C, Bacterial presence is lower in the SLA group.

Figure 3.

Percentages of bacterial load in the groups related to Ct, for T. dentícola (A, B), P. intermedia (C, D) and F. nucleatum (E,F). F. nucleatum showed statistical significance for CLA and SLA groups when compared to C group. Stars indicate statistical significance.
Percentages of bacterial load in the groups related to Ct, for T. dentícola (A, B), P. intermedia (C, D) and F. nucleatum (E,F). F. nucleatum showed statistical significance for CLA and SLA groups when compared to C group. Stars indicate statistical significance.

Figure 4.

T. denticola was found with higher positive percentages in the female gender when compared to the male gender (female vs male) for all groups. Nevertheless, the higher percentage was found in the C group.
T. denticola was found with higher positive percentages in the female gender when compared to the male gender (female vs male) for all groups. Nevertheless, the higher percentage was found in the C group.

Figure 5.

In P. intermedia, C group showed 100% of positivity in males. However, the CLA group had 100% of positivity for the female gender, meanwhile, SLA showed no significant differences between genders.
In P. intermedia, C group showed 100% of positivity in males. However, the CLA group had 100% of positivity for the female gender, meanwhile, SLA showed no significant differences between genders.

Figure 6.

In the case of F. nucleatum, all groups showed almost 100% of positivity in the male group. *Statistical significance.
In the case of F. nucleatum, all groups showed almost 100% of positivity in the male group. *Statistical significance.

Figure 7.

Differences between groups according to time of treatment. T. denticola has greater presence in CLA and SLA after 12 months of treatment.
Differences between groups according to time of treatment. T. denticola has greater presence in CLA and SLA after 12 months of treatment.

Figure 8.

P. intermedia is higher after 12 months in CLA and SLA.
P. intermedia is higher after 12 months in CLA and SLA.

Figure 9.

F. nucleatum is present in 100% of CLA samples before and after 12 months of treatment and is higher in the SLA group after 12 months.
F. nucleatum is present in 100% of CLA samples before and after 12 months of treatment and is higher in the SLA group after 12 months.

qPCR conditions to measure bacterial load_

Treponema denticolaFusobacterium nucleatumPrevotella intermediaCyclesReading melt curve
Desn. initial96°C-5 m96°C-5 m96°C-5 m3080°C
Desn. nat95°C-30 s95°C-30 s95°C-30 s
Align55°C-45 s56°C-45 s56°C-45 s
Ext72°C-45 s72°C-45 s72°C-45 s
Ext final72°C-10 m72°C-10 m72°C-10 m
Conservation4°C4°C4°C

Primers and qPCR conditions to measure bacterial load_

Specific initiatorsAmplified products (pb)Bacteria
FTd 5′-TAATACCGAATGTGCTCATTTACAT-3′316Treponema denticola
RTd 5′-TCAAAGAAGCATTCCCTCTTCTTCTTA-3;
    FFn 5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′408Fusobacterium nucleatum
RFn 5′-GTCATCGTGCACACAGAATTGCTG-3
    FPi 5′-TTTGTTGGGGAGTAAAGCGGG-3′576Prevotella intermedia
RPi 5′-TCAACATCTCTGTATCCTGCGT-3′
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2023-0006 | Journal eISSN: 2207-7480 | Journal ISSN: 2207-7472
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Language: English
Page range: 61 - 71
Submitted on: Nov 1, 2022
Accepted on: Jan 1, 2023
Published on: Mar 8, 2023
Published by: Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2023 Juan Cota-Quintero, Mercedes Bermúdez, Rosalío Ramos-Payán, María de los Ángeles Gastélum-López, Jorge Armando López-Gutiérrez, Mariana Avendaño-Félix, Alfredo Ayala-Ham, Carlos Villegas-Mercado, Yolanda Castro-Salazar, Maribel Aguilar-Medina, published by Australian Society of Orthodontists Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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