References
- Morris ML. Artificial crown contours and gingival health. J Prosthet Dent 1962; 12: 1146–56.
- Hirshberg SM. The relationship of oral hygiene to embrasure and pontic design – a preliminary study. J Prosthet Dent 1972; 27: 26–38.
- Ferencz JL. Maintaining and enhancing gingival architecture in fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent 1991; 65: 650–7.
- Kamijo Y. Illustrated Oral Anatomy Vol. 1. Osteology. 2nd edition, Tokyo, Ishiyaku Shuppan, 1997; 27–36.
- Ko-Kimura N, Kimura-Hayasi M, Yamaguchi M, et al. Some factors associated with open gingival embrasures following orthodontic treatment. Aust Orthod J 2003; 19: 19–24.
- Burke S, Burch JG, Tetz JA. Incidence and size of pretreatment overlap and posttreatment gingival embrasure space between maxillary central incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994; 105: 506–11.
- Furukawa T, Tango T. Statistics for Medicine, Tokyo, Asakura Shoten, 1993; 271–8.
- Sjølien T, Zachrisson BU. Periodontal bone support and tooth length orthodontically treated and untreated persons. Am J Orthod 1973; 64: 28–37.
- Kawauchi M, Mitsuya H. The changes of interdental papilla following orthodontic treatment. Tohoku Orthod J 2001; 9: 12–19.
- El-Mangoury NH, Gaafar SM, Mostafa YA. Mandibular anterior crowding and periodontal disease. Angle Orthod 1987; 57: 33–8.
- Diedrich PR. Orthodontic procedures improving periodontal prognosis. Dent Clin North Am 1996; 40: 875–87.
- Tarnow DP, Magner AW, Fletcher P. The effect of the distance from the contact point to the crest of bone on the presence or absence of the interproximal dental papilla. J Periodontol 1992; 63: 995–6.
- Hamp S, Lundstrom F, Nyman S. Periodontal conditions in adolescents subjected to multiband orthodontic treatment with controlled oral hygiene. Eur J Orthod 1982; 4: 77–86.
- Artun J, Urbye, KS. The effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal bone support in patients with advanced loss of marginal periodontium. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988; 93: 143–8.
- Kokich VG. Esthetics: The orthodontic – periodontic restorative connection. Semin Orthod 1996; 2: 21–30.