Figure 1.
The origin of three mountain sheep breeds in Poland from the original Vlach Zackel (photos by W. Puchalski, M. Pasternak-Chorosz, A. Kawęcka)
Figure 2.
Map of the Polish Carpathians with the locations where the material was collected from the examined sheep
Figure 3.
Frequency distribution of the rarer allele for tested sheep
Table 1.
Genetic variability indexes for the Mountain Sheep subpopulations
| Breed | MAF | HO | HE | FIS | HWE P<0.05 | HWE P<0.01 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PZ | 0.302 (±0.122) | 0.397 (±0.116) | 0.392 (±0.107) | −0.0125 | 1696 | 322 |
| PMS | 0.297 (±0.124) | 0.391 (±0.119) | 0.386 (±0.110) | −0.0122 | 2207 | 479 |
| CMS | 0.298 (±0.124) | 0.393 (±0.119) | 0.388 (±0.110) | −0.0137 | 1790 | 346 |
| Mean to all breeds | 0.299 | 0.394 | 0.389 | −0.0128 | 1898 | 401 |
Table 2.
Effective population size (Ne) and 95% confidence interval of Ne for the studied sheep breeds
| Breed | Ne | 95% CI down | 95% CI up |
|---|---|---|---|
| PZ | 94.2 | 92.7 | 95.7 |
| PMS | 103 | 101.3 | 104.7 |
| CMS | 64.6 | 63.8 | 65.4 |
Figure 2.
Visualization of genetic differentiation based on PCA - A - PC1 vs. PC2 components for mountain sheep; B - PC1 vs. PC3 components for mountain sheep
Table 3.
Average (above the diagonal) and weighted average (below the diagonal) FST distances among the studied breeds
| Breed | PZ | PMS | CMS |
|---|---|---|---|
| PZ | ----.pdf"/> | 0.0142364 | 0.0197141 |
| PMS | 0.014995 | ------ | 0.0236004 |
| CMS | 0.0208261 | 0.0254135 | ------ |
Figure 5.
Di values in all analyzed autosomes of mountain sheep
Figure 6.
Genomic map of REHH probability values for all core haplotypes showing frequencies >0.25 for mountain sheep. The green dashed line indicates a REHH probability level of 0.05
Table 4.
Characteristics of haplotype cores for PZ, PMS and CMS
| Specification | PZ | PMS | CMS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of haplotype cores | 1708 | 1901 | 1963 |
| Average haplotype core length (SD) | 89.4 (58.5) kbp | 95.9 (127.2) kpz | 96.3 (125.9) kpz |
| Number of REHH tests | 13338 | 14818 | 15752 |
| Number of haplotypes more frequent than 0.25 | 5606 | 6329 | 6501 |
| Number of cores for which haplotype frequency >0.25 and P<0.05 | 279 | 326 | 321 |
| Number of unique haplotypes | 210 | 215 | 216 |