Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

Additional file 2.

Additional file 3.

Additional file 8.

Additional file 9.

j_aoas-2025-0120_tab_002
| chr | chr length | cnv counts | cnv length | coverage (%) | max size | mean length | min size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deletions | |||||||
| 1 | 274330532 | 560 | 824000 | 0.300 | 41000 | 3951.07 | 600 |
| 2 | 151935994 | 667 | 1141400 | 0.751 | 70000 | 7324.74 | 600 |
| 3 | 132848913 | 238 | 404000 | 0.304 | 57200 | 4168.07 | 600 |
| 4 | 130910915 | 344 | 638400 | 0.488 | 114600 | 10021.51 | 600 |
| 5 | 104526007 | 364 | 478200 | 0.457 | 34200 | 4053.30 | 600 |
| 6 | 170843587 | 387 | 1076600 | 0.630 | 119600 | 8284.24 | 600 |
| 7 | 121844099 | 466 | 668200 | 0.548 | 99600 | 6597.85 | 600 |
| 8 | 138966237 | 355 | 667200 | 0.48 | 56400 | 6371.27 | 600 |
| 9 | 139512083 | 478 | 1343600 | 0.963 | 183400 | 8183.26 | 600 |
| 10 | 69359453 | 157 | 271800 | 0.392 | 65000 | 3526.11 | 600 |
| 11 | 79169978 | 340 | 449600 | 0.568 | 59200 | 5214.12 | 600 |
| 12 | 61602749 | 233 | 547200 | 0.888 | 195000 | 11570.82 | 600 |
| 13 | 208334590 | 481 | 1159200 | 0.556 | 140200 | 9968.40 | 600 |
| 14 | 141755446 | 423 | 718600 | 0.507 | 100200 | 6244.44 | 600 |
| 15 | 140412725 | 377 | 609400 | 0.434 | 53000 | 5449.87 | 600 |
| 16 | 79944280 | 262 | 329400 | 0.412 | 53400 | 3223.66 | 600 |
| 17 | 63494081 | 248 | 417600 | 0.658 | 189600 | 6933.06 | 600 |
| 18 | 55982971 | 49 | 131800 | 0.235 | 44800 | 5779.59 | 600 |
j_aoas-2025-0120_tab_003
| chr | chr length | cnv counts | cnv length | coverage (%) | max size | mean length | min size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| de novo deletions | |||||||
| 1 | 274330532 | 55 | 222000 | 0.081 | 36000 | 4036.36 | 600 |
| 2 | 151935994 | 34 | 186000 | 0.122 | 70000 | 5470.58 | 600 |
| 3 | 132848913 | 33 | 74600 | 0.056 | 13400 | 2260.60 | 600 |
| 4 | 130910915 | 23 | 63400 | 0.048 | 11800 | 2756.52 | 600 |
| 5 | 104526007 | 22 | 79400 | 0.075 | 24600 | 3609.09 | 600 |
| 6 | 170843587 | 30 | 97200 | 0.056 | 17600 | 3240.00 | 600 |
| 7 | 121844099 | 24 | 60800 | 0.049 | 11000 | 2533.33 | 600 |
| 8 | 138966237 | 16 | 71000 | 0.051 | 36400 | 4437.50 | 600 |
| 9 | 139512083 | 31 | 179600 | 0.128 | 41000 | 5793.54 | 600 |
| 10 | 69359453 | 11 | 18400 | 0.026 | 3800 | 1672.72 | 600 |
| 11 | 79169978 | 13 | 37200 | 0.046 | 9200 | 2861.53 | 600 |
| 12 | 61602749 | 12 | 16800 | 0.027 | 4200 | 1400.00 | 600 |
| 13 | 208334590 | 33 | 117800 | 0.056 | 28200 | 3569.69 | 600 |
| 14 | 141755446 | 27 | 61600 | 0.043 | 12400 | 2281.48 | 600 |
| 15 | 140412725 | 18 | 78800 | 0.056 | 29000 | 4377.77 | 600 |
| 16 | 79944280 | 18 | 38600 | 0.048 | 10200 | 2144.44 | 600 |
| 17 | 63494081 | 14 | 61600 | 0.097 | 28000 | 4400.00 | 600 |
| 18 | 55982971 | 8 | 23200 | 0.041 | 13000 | 2900.00 | 600 |
j_aoas-2025-0120_tab_004
| O1_S1D1 | O2_S1D1 | O3_S1D2 | O4_S2D3 | O5_S2D3 | O6_S2D4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P -value | 3.76⋅10−5 | 1.26⋅10−6 | 6.49⋅10−7 | 0.13⋅10−1 | 0.17⋅10−3 | 8.18⋅10−7 |
j_aoas-2025-0120_tab_005
| min | 1st qu. | median | mean | 3rd qu | max | sd | number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| de novo deletions | |||||||
| 600 | 800 | 1400 | 2835 | 2850 | 23000 | 3890.368 | 80 |
| 600 | 800 | 1400 | 3472.5 | 3450 | 36000 | 5684.466 | 80 |
| 600 | 800 | 2600 | 3935.714 | 4050 | 36400 | 5695.179 | 56 |
| 600 | 800 | 1200 | 4515.556 | 3800 | 29000 | 7038.012 | 45 |
| 600 | 800 | 1600 | 2972.549 | 3000 | 28000 | 4424.662 | 51 |
| 600 | 800 | 1800 | 3710.909 | 2800 | 70000 | 7991.858 | 110 |
| inherited deletions | |||||||
| 600 | 1800 | 4200 | 11637.64 | 9600 | 194600 | 23621.46 | 457 |
| 600 | 1600 | 3800 | 11657.99 | 9550 | 195000 | 25709.8 | 438 |
| 600 | 1800 | 4200 | 10456.46 | 9600 | 187800 | 18723.54 | 379 |
| 600 | 2000 | 4400 | 10830.46 | 9200 | 195000 | 22087.34 | 394 |
| 600 | 2200 | 4600 | 12348.79 | 11350 | 194600 | 24186.72 | 414 |
| 600 | 1600 | 3500 | 10816.85 | 8600 | 195000 | 24060.52 | 534 |
| de novo duplications | |||||||
| 1800 | 5200 | 7600 | 13147.83 | 17100 | 44200 | 12181.09 | 23 |
| 3200 | 7000 | 8200 | 11711.11 | 13900 | 39200 | 7987.169 | 27 |
| 5400 | 7150 | 10500 | 10866.67 | 14000 | 17600 | 4865.662 | 6 |
| 5400 | 8200 | 8800 | 8800 | 9850 | 11600 | 2097.618 | 6 |
| 2600 | 4900 | 7800 | 8200 | 10600 | 16400 | 4170.224 | 14 |
| 1400 | 3500 | 6400 | 11500 | 12750 | 70000 | 15423.77 | 20 |
| inherited duplications | |||||||
| 2200 | 12000 | 23600 | 41910.22 | 50400 | 563200 | 57319.37 | 225 |
| 2200 | 12000 | 23200 | 42234.06 | 49600 | 563200 | 60354.32 | 229 |
| 1200 | 13700 | 26000 | 46173.26 | 54500 | 563200 | 63677.16 | 187 |
| 2200 | 13800 | 27000 | 46524.85 | 55400 | 563200 | 63077.09 | 165 |
| 1200 | 13850 | 26200 | 47055.17 | 53300 | 563200 | 65834.85 | 174 |
| 2200 | 11600 | 23000 | 39696.85 | 44950 | 563200 | 56621.46 | 254 |
j_aoas-2025-0120_tab_001
| Additional files | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample name | Sample ID | % of mapped reads | % of properly mapped reads | Average genome coverage after alignment |
| Family 1 | ||||
| Sire 1 | S1 | 98.42 | 95.36 | 13 |
| Dam 1 | D1 | 98.53 | 96 | 11 |
| Dam 2 | D2 | 98.11 | 95.37 | 15 |
| Offspring 1 | O1_S1D1 | 98.41 | 95.58 | 16 |
| Offspring 2 | O2_S1D1 | 98.36 | 95.36 | 15 |
| Offspring 3 | O3_S1D2 | 98.3 | 95.31 | 14 |
| Family 2 | ||||
| Sire 2 | S2 | 98.48 | 95.47 | 10 |
| Dam 3 | D3 | 98.6 | 95.82 | 12 |
| Dam 4 | D4 | 98.57 | 95.8 | 19 |
| Offspring 4 | O4_S2D3 | 98.42 | 95.54 | 12 |
| Offspring 5 | O5_S2D3 | 98.55 | 95.53 | 12 |
| Offspring 6 | O6_S2D4 | 98.37 | 95.42 | 18 |