Immune Dysregulation in Preeclampsia: Differential Expression of TNF-A and IL-10 and Their Association with Clinical, Laboratory, and Perinatal Outcomes
References
- Weinert L. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy: comment to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups consensus panel. Diabetes Care. 2010;33 (Suppl 2):S224—S225. doi: 10.2337/dc10-0544.
- Parkhomchuk D, Borodina T., Amstislavskiy V, et al. Transcriptome analysis by strand-specific sequencing of complementary DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009;37(18):e123. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp596.
- Lang mead B, Trapnell C, Pop M, Salzberg SL. Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome. Genome Biol. 2009;10(3):R25. doi:10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25.
- Kozomara A Griffiths-Jones S. miRBase: integrating microRNA annotation and deep-sequencing data. Nucleic Adds Res. 2010;39(Database issue):D152-D157. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1027.
- Bao Z, Yang Z, Huang Z, et al. LncRNADisease 2.0: an updated database of long non-coding RNA-associated diseases. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(D1):D1034—D1037. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky905.
- Kopp F, Mendell JT. Functional classification and experimental dissection of long noncoding RNAs. Cell. 2018;172(3):393-407. doi:10.1016/j.ceM.2018.01.011.
- Zhou L, Chen J, Li Z, et al. Integrated profiling of microRNAs and mRNAs: microRNAs located on Xq27.3 associate with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One. 2010;5(12):e15224. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015224.
- Enright AJ, John B, Gaul U, et al. MicroRNA targets in Drosophila. Genome Biol. 2003;5(1):R1. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-5-1-r1.
- Krüger J, Rehmsmeier M. RNAhybrid: microRNAtarget prediction easy, fast and flexible. Nudeic Acids Res. 2006;34(Web Server issue):W451-W454. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl243.
- Buermans HP, Ariyurek Y, van Ommen G, et al. New methods for next generation sequendng based microRNA expression profiling. BMC Genomics. 2010;11:1. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-1.
- Robinson MD, McCarthy DJ, Smyth GK. edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data. Bioinformatics. 2010;26(1):139-140. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp616.
- Love Ml, Huber W, Anders S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 2014;15(12):550. doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8.
- Young MD, Wakefield MJ, Smyth GK, OshlackA. Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq: accounting for selection bias. Genome Biol. 2010;11(2):R14. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-2-r14.
- Kanehisa M, Araki M, Goto S, et al. KEGG for linking genomes to life and the environment. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008;36(Data- base issue):D480-D484. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm882.
- Bu D, Luo H, Huo P, et al. KOBAS-i: intelligent prioritization and exploratory visualization of biological functions for gene enrichment analysis. NucleicAcids Res. 2021;49(W1):W317-W325. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab447.
- Hanzelmann S, Castelo R, Guinney J. GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data. BMC Bioinformatics. 2013;14:7. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-14-7.
- Hou T, Li Z, Zhao Y, Zhu WG. Mechanisms controlling the anti-neoplastic functions of FoxO proteins. Semin Cancer Biol. 2018;50:101-114. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.007.
- Guan X, Yu M, Wu L, et al. Elevated trophoblastic Siglec6 contributes to the impairment of vascular endothelial cell functions by downregulating Wnt6/p-catenin signaling in preeclampsia. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2022;730:109396. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2022.109396.
- Zhang L, Leng M, Li Y, et al. Altered DNA methylation and transcription of WNT2 and DKK1 genes in placentas associated with early-onset preeclampsia. Clin Chim Acta. 2019;490:154-160. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.026.
- Ujita M, Kondoh E, Chigusa Y, et al. Impaired Wnt5a signaling in extravillous trophoblasts: relevance to poor placentation in early gestation and subsequent preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2018;13:225-234. doi:10.1016/j. preghy.2018.06.022.
- Liu H, Yu L, Ding Y et al. Progesterone enhances the invasion of trophoblast cells by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to prevent preeclampsia. Cell Transplant. 2023;32:9636897221145682. doi:101177/09636897221145682.
- Yu L, Li D, Liao QP, et al. High levels of activin A detected in preeclamptic placenta induce trophoblast cell apoptosis by promoting nodal signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(4):E1370-E1379. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-2729.
- Sagae Y, Horie A, Yanai A, et al. Versican proviDES the provisional matrix for uterine spiral artery dilation and fetal growth. Matrix Biol. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2022.11.004.
- Varshney S, Adela R, Kachhawa G, et al. Disrupted placental vitamin D metabolism and calcium signaling in gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia patients. Endocrine. 2022. doi:10.1007/s12020-022-03272-9.
- Zhao Y, Zhang X, Du N, et al. Immune checkpoint molecules on T cell subsets of pregnancies with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus. J Reprod Immunol. 2020;142:103208. doi:10.1016/j.jri.2020.103208.
- Wang Y, Li B, Zhao Y. Inflammation in preeclampsia: genetic biomarkers, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol. 2022:13:883404. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.883404.
- Liu H, Liu A, Kaminga A, et al. Chemokines in gestational diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol. 2022:13:705852. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.705852.
- Hu J, Guo Q, Liu C, et al. Immune cell profiling of preeclamptic pregnant and postpartum women by single-cell RNA sequencing. Int Rev Immunol. 2022. doi:10.1080/08830185.2022.2144291.
- Gong F, Wang J, Lu N, et al. The imbalance of circulating monocyte subgroups with a higher proportion of the CD14+CD16+CD163+ phenotype in patients with pre-eclampsia. Immunol Lett. 2022;253:1-7. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2022.11.005.
- Sheu A, Chan Y, Ferguson A, et al. A proinflammatory CD4+ T cell phenotype in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 2018;61 (8):1633-1643. doi:10.1007/S00125-018-4615-1.
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 9
Submitted on: Oct 15, 2025
Accepted on: Jan 23, 2026
Published on: Jun 16, 2026
Published by: Medical University - Sofia
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 P. Ashalatha, R. Muthulakshmi, S. Tokali, P. Yatham, A. K. Choudhary, P. Periasamy, published by Medical University - Sofia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.