Enhancing comfort and energy efficiency in buildings: A systematic review of double skin façade performance

Double skin façades (DSFs) have emerged as a promising architectural solution for enhancing building energy efficiency and occupant comfort. This comprehensive review synthesises current research on various DSF configurations, including box-window, corridor, shaft-box, double-glazed glass, multi-story, and curved types. The study examines the thermal, energy, and ventilation performance of DSFs across diverse climatic conditions and building types. This study examined 80 articles from 2019 to present. A systematic analysis of recent literature reveals that DSFs can significantly reduce heating and cooling energy demands by 15–59%, depending on design parameters and local climate. The review highlights the adaptability of DSFs in different contexts, from tropical to cold climates, and their potential for integration with renewable energy systems. Key factors influencing DSF performance are identified, including cavity width, ventilation strategies, and shading devices. The study also notes trends towards climate-specific optimisation, multi-functional façade designs, and the integration of smart technologies for adaptive control. While DSFs show considerable promise, challenges remain in standardising performance metrics and assessing long-term operational data. Future research directions are proposed, emphasising the need for longitudinal studies, advanced material integration, and holistic sustainability assessments. This review underscores the significant role DSFs can play in advancing sustainable building practices and meeting increasingly stringent energy performance targets in the built environment.