References
- [1] The exhibition “VAL—Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (1996) took place in Umelecká Beseda in Bratislava, Slovakia (today’s Gallery Umelka). Later, in 1997, the exhibition moved to the gallery Klasik, Žilina, both in Slovakia. It was also their first exhibition, where all eight projects were presented (Heliopolis: Olympic City, Akusticon: Homage to M. Filip, Homage to Hope and Courage: Memorial to E.A. Cernan, Istroport: Port on the Danube, Antarctica: To Those Daring to Seek, Scarabea: Space City, People’s Assembly of Argillia: Homage to Claude-Nicolas Ledoux, E-temen-an-ki: Sheraton Hotel Babylon).
- [2] Kupkovič, Ľ., Mecková, V., Mlynárčik, A. (1995) “VAL - Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (exhibition catalogue), Žilina, Slovakia.
- [3] Restany, P. (1995) “Inde - Alex Mlynárčik”, Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia.
- [4] Theory of prospective architecture is defined by Michel Ragon in the publication: Ragon, M. (1963) “Où vivrons-nous demain?”, Édition Robert Laffont, Paris, France. A Czech translation was subsequently published in Czechoslovakia: Ragon, M. (1967) “Kde budeme žít zítra?”, Mladá fronta, Prague, Czechoslovakia. Later, in 1965, the manifesto of the G.I.A.P. group (Groupe International d’architecture prospective) was published, initiated by Michel Ragon. In the late 1970s, he published an “encyclopedia” of prospective architecture in which one of the projects of VAL also appeared: Ragon, M. (1978) “Histoire mondiale de l’architecture et de l´urbanisme moderne, Prospective et futurologie”, Casterman, Paris, France.
- [5] Ragon, M. (1971-1972) “Alex Mlynárčik”, Chroniques de l’art vivant XXVI(41), p. 20.
- [6] Exhibition “Voies et Aspectes du Lendemain, VAL 1967-1976” (1977) took place in Galerie Lara Vincy in Paris, France.
- [7] Excerpt from the foreword by Alexander Valentovič for the exhibition catalogue “Voies et Aspectes du Lendemain, VAL 1967-1976”, later published in the journal Projekt: Valentovič, A. (1992) “VAL 1968 až 1989”, Projekt XXXIV(1), pp. 8-19, and also in the catalogue of the exhibition “VAL - Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (1996) in the Umelecká beseda in Bratislava, Slovakia.
- [8] Excerpt from the afterword by Antonín Stuchl for the catalogue for the exhibition “Voies et Aspectes du Lendemain, VAL 1967-1976”, later published in the cataloque of the exhibition “VAL - Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (1996) in the Umelecká beseda in Bratislava, Slovakia.
- [9] Ragon, M. (1978) “Histoire mondiale de l’architecture et de l´urbanisme moderne, Prospective et futurologie”, Casterman, Paris, France.
- [10] Valentovič, A. (1992) “Radosť z napätia”, Projekt XXXIV(1), p. 2.
- [11] VAL (1992) “VAL 1968 až 1989”, Projekt XXXIV(1), pp. 8-19.
- [12] Mecková, V., Záborský, V. (1995) “Spomienky na minulosť, prítomnosť i budúcnosť”, Projekt XXXVII(4), pp. 24-25; VAL (1995) “Štúdie: E-temen-an-ki: Sheraton hotel, Dom po-ľných strážcov”, Projekt XXXVII(4), pp. 26-27.
- [13] Dulla, M., Moravčíková, H. (2002) “Architektúra Slovenska v 20. storočí”, Slovart, Bratislava, Slovakia, p. 232.
- [14] Moravčíková, H. (2008) “Posledné utópie?”, Arch XIII(12), pp. 50-53.
- [15] Moravčíková, H. (2013) “Monumentalita v slovenskej architektúre šesťdesiatych a sedemdesiatych rokov 20. storočia: totalitné, národné, veľké a abstraktné”, In: Moravčíková, H., Szalay, P., Dulla, M., Topolčanská, M., Potočár, M., Haberlandová, K., Moderné a/alebo totalitné v architektúre 20. storočia na Slovensku, Slovart, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 78-106.
- [16] Moravčíková, H. (2015) “Neviditeľné architektky: prvá generácia žien v slovenskej architektúre”, Architektúra & urbanizmus XLIX(1-2), pp. 83-103; Szalay, P. (2017) “Daydream”, MAG D A. [online] Available at: http://magdamag.sk [Accessed: 10 Oct 2021]
- [17] Valentovič, A. (1996) “Cesty zajtrajška: V tvorbe skupiny VAL”, Literárny týždenník IX(44), p. 14; Štrauss, T. (1999) “Bratislava s humorom i veľkoryso krásna: Alex Mlynárčik ako návrhár možne nemožného”, OS: Fórum občianskej spoločnosti IV(6), pp. 75, 76; Veličová, H. (2012) “Utópia v čase normalizácie”, Vlna LI, pp. 32-37.
- [18] Šmejkal, F. (1975) “Kosmické vejce”, Umění/Arts XXIII, pp. 226-258; an excerpt from this article was included in the catalogue “VAL - Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (1996).
- [19] Štraus, T. (1992) “Slovenský variant moderny”, Pallas, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 74, 77, 79, 82. These essays were published in the form of a samizdat, as a whole they were published only in 1992.
- [20] Bartošová, Z. (2011) “Napriek totalite, Neoficiálna slovenská výtvarná scéna sedemdesiatych a osemdesiatych rokov 20. storočia”, Kalligram, Bratislava, Slovakia.
- [21] Kupkovič, Ľ., Mecková, V., Mlynárčik, A. (1995) “VAL - Cesty a aspekty zajtrajška” (exhibition catalogue), Žilina, Slovakia, p. 159.
- [22] In addition to the exhibitions that are mentioned in the text, also: “World Biennial of Architecture INTERARCH ´89” (1989) in Sofia, Bulgari; “Středoevropské forum IV - Slovensko IV” (2011) and “Od Tiziana po Warhola” (2012) in the Olomouc Museum of Art, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- [23] The exhibition “Akce slovo pohyb prostor” (1999) took place in Prague City Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic.
- [24] Ragon, M. (1967) “Kde budeme žít zítra”, Mladá fronta, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
- [25] Hrůza, J. (1967) “Města utopistů”, Československý spisovatel, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
- [26] Havránek, V. (1999) “Akce slovo pohyb prostor” (exhibition catalogue), Prague City Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 116, 133, 138.
- [27] theorists Petr Wittlich, Dalibor Veselý, artists Milan Knížák, Václav Cigler, Karel Malich, Hugo Demartini, Stanislav Kolíbal
- [28] “Milan Knížák sees the entire architectural practice, which aims to create shelter, as a destructive activity; as a production that pits man against nature and threatens to completely fill and destroy nature today.” - Havránek, V. (1999) “Akce slovo pohyb prostor” (exhibition catalogue), Prague City Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic, p. 133.
- [29] Kuracinová Janečková, V. (2000) “Neokonštruktivizmus v slovenskom výtvarnom umení” (exhibition catalogue), Galéria Jána Koniarka, Trnava, Slovakia, pp. 4, 5.
- [30] Rusinová, Z. (2000) “Dejiny slovenského výtvarného umenia: 20. storočie” (exhibition catalogue), Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia.
- [31] Matuštík, R. (2000) “Umenie akcie”, In: Rusinová, Z. Dejiny slovenského výtvarného umenia: 20. storočie (exhibition catalogue), Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp.163-177.
- [32] Dulla, M. (2000) “Architektúra od moderny k sorele a späť 1950-1970”, In: Rusinová, Z. Dejiny slovenského výtvarného umenia: 20. storočie (exhibition catalogue), Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 223-228.
- [33] The exhibition “Slovenské vizuálne umenie 1970-1985” (2002/2003) took place in the Slovak National Gallery, Bratislava, Slovakia. It was curated by Aurel Hrabušický.
- [34] Hrabušický, A. (2002) “Umenie fantastického odhmotnenia”, In: Hrabušický, A. Slovenské vizuálne umenie 1970-1985 (exhibition catalogue), Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 143-188.
- [35] The exhibition “Slovenský obraz (antiobraz), 20. storočie v slovenskom výtvarnom umení”, (2008) was organized by Slovak National Gallery and took place in the Prague Castle Riding School, Prague, Czech Republic. It was curated by Katarína Bajcurová, Aurel Hrabušický, Katarína Müllerová.
- [36] Bajcurová, K., Hrabušický, A. (2008) “Iné svety”, In: Bajcurová, K. Slovenský obraz (antiobraz), 20. storočie v slovenskom výtvarnom umení (exhibition catalogue), Slovenská národná galéria, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp.189-214.
- [37] Crowley, D., Pavitt, J. (2008) “Cold war modern. Design 1945-1970” (exhibition catalogue), V&A Publishing, London, UK, pp. 259, 260.
- [38] Cytlak, K. (2012) “Les utopies grises: projets architecturaux d’Alex Mlynarcik, Tadeusz Kantor et Jozef Jankovic dans l’Europe centrale des années soixante-dix”, Dissertation, Université Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne, Paris, France.
- [39] Cytlak, K. (2017) “L’architecture prospective en Tchécoslovaquie. Convergences et divergences entre l’approche du groupe slovaque VAL (1968-1994) et la théorie architecturale de Michel Ragon”, RIHA Journal 0179, 25 September 2017. [online] Available at: http://www.riha-journal.org/articles/2017/0179-cytlak [Accessed: 16 May 2020]
- [40] Hypertrophy of the cities, progressive urbanization of the countryside, city transport problems, use of new energies, new relationship with nature, air conditioning, spatial arrangement, expansion of people.
- [41] megastructures, space cities, underwater buildings, inflatable structures, house-sculpture, spatial cities, cities under the sea, mobile houses, flexible architecture etc.
- [42] simple geometric figures, ovoid figures, spirals and shells, domes and spheres and so on
- [43] Cytlak, K. (2015) “Complexity and Contradiction in Central European Radical Architecture, Experiments in Art and Architecture in the 1970s”, Umění/Art LXIII(3), pp. 182-203.
- [44] Kicová, M. (2019) “Architektúra skupiny VAL”, Master’s thesis, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Nožičková, P. (2008) “Skupina VAL”, Master’s thesis, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.