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Autoimmune Diseases and Pregnancy – Is There a Greater Risk of Giving Birth to a Sick Child? Cover

Autoimmune Diseases and Pregnancy – Is There a Greater Risk of Giving Birth to a Sick Child?

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
Volume 73 (2025): Issue 1 (January 2025)
By: ,  ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jun 2025
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

graphic/aite-2025-0017-graphabs.jpg
Table 1.

Medications used and contraindicated during pregnancy for autoimmune diseases and related conditions

DiseaseDrugs used during pregnancyDrugs forbidden during pregnancy
MS and NMOSD

  • IFN-β

  • GA

  • Dimethyl fumarate

  • Teriflunomide

  • Leflunomide

  • Alemtuzumab

  • Natalizumab

  • Ocrelizumab

MG

  • Anticholinesterase

  • inhibitors

  • corticosteroids

  • azathioprine

  • MTX

  • Mofetil mycophenolate

  • Rituximab

Chronic IBDAnti-TNF

  • MTX

  • Leflunomide

T1DInsulin
Autoimmune thyroid disease

  • Propylthiouracil (preferred over other, category D)

  • levothyroxine

Radioactive iodine ablation
RA

  • Corticosteroids

  • Hydroxychloroquine

  • Sulfasalazine

  • MTX

  • Leflunomide

  • Anti-TNF agents

  • Abatacept

  • Rituximab

SLE

  • Prednisone

  • Hydroxychloroquine

  • Methylprednisolone

  • Azathioprine

Psoriasis

  • Topical treatment:

  • emollient creams

  • moisturizers

  • tacrolimus

  • dermatocorticosteroids

  • Systemic:

  • cyclosporine

  • corticosteroids

  • adalimumab,

  • etanercept,

  • infliximab

Vasculitis

  • Prednisone

  • Azathioprine

  • Intravenous immunoglobulins

  • MTX

  • Leflunomide

  • MMF

  • CYC

  • Avacopan

  • Mepolizumab

aPL syndrome

  • LDA

  • heparin

Vitamin K antagonists

[i] aPL, antiphospholipid; CYC, cyclophosphamide; GA, glatiramer acetate; IFN-β, interferon-β; LDA, low-dose aspirin; MG, myasthenia gravis; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MS, multiple sclerosis; MTX, methotrexate; NMOSD, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; T1D, type 1 diabetes; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aite-2025-0017 | Journal eISSN: 1661-4917
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Language: English
Submitted on: Nov 12, 2024
Accepted on: Jan 14, 2025
Published on: Jun 14, 2025
Published by: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Autoimmune disease,
Pregnancy,
Pregnant woman,
Multiple sclerosis,
IBD,
TD1
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Biochemistry,
Immunology,
Clinical medicine,
Clinical medicine, other,
Clinical chemistry

© 2025 Magdalena Pszczołowska, Kamil Walczak, Weronika Kołodziejczyk, Magdalena Mroziak, Gracjan Kozłowski, Jerzy Leszek, published by Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 73 (2025): Issue 1 (January 2025)
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