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Acute toxicity and genotoxicity assessment of environmental contaminants using Artemia salina Cover

Acute toxicity and genotoxicity assessment of environmental contaminants using Artemia salina

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
Volume 77 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)
By: ,  ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jun 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Chemical structure of the tested compounds

Figure 2

Fluorescence microscopy of A) A. salina nauplii embedded in agarose (100× magnification); B) nauplii partially broken into cells (100× magnification), and C) nauplii completely broken in cell suspension (200× magnification)

Figure 3

5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and etoposide toxicity in A. salina over 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h of incubation. Lines represent a trend according to the toxicity results obtained for each concentration for a 48 h incubation period that was used to determine mean (±SD) LC50, LC30, and LC10 values (right)

Figure 4

Level of DNA damage measured by tail intensity (%) in the cells of A. salina (150 analysed nucleoids per group). *significant increase in DNA damage compared to negative control (P<0.05; Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test)

Figure 5

Normalised heatmap comparing A) the acute toxicity (expressed as inverse LC50 values) of glyphosate (GP), benzalkonium chloride (BC), and tributyltin chloride (TBC) and B) the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of three 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and etoposide. Higher values (red) represent greater biological effect

Mean acute toxicity of tested environmental pollutants on A_ salina

LC50Glyphosate (µg/mL)Benzalkonium chloride (µg/mL)Tributyltin chloride (µg/mL)Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)* (µg/mL)
4 h160.58±7.7714.15±3.60>1.240.60±1.78
24 h128.20±17.7812.38±1.190.63±0.0338.50±3.69
48 h42.79±12.447.45±2.070.55±0.0121.54±3.86
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2026-77-4111 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
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Language: English
Page range: 114 - 122
Submitted on: Feb 1, 2026
Accepted on: Jun 1, 2026
Published on: Jun 30, 2026
Published by: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
5-fluorouracil,
benzalkonium chloride,
brine shrimp,
cisplatin,
comet assay,
cytotoxicity,
etoposide,
glyphosate,
LC50,
tributyltin chloride
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2026 Jelena Đorđević Aleksić, Luka Gačić, Margareta Kračun-Kolarević, Jovana Jovanović Marić, Branka Vuković-Gačić, Stoimir Kolarević, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 77 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)
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