Associations between student variables and burnout* as outcome variable obtained with multivariate logistic regression analysis**
| Characteristic | Overall burnout OR (95 % CI) | Personal burnout OR (95 % CI) | Study-related burnout OR (95 % CI) | Faculty-related burnout OR (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | / | 1.0 | / | / |
| Female | / | 2.12 (1.13–3.96) | / | / | |
| GPA (mean±SD) | 4.02 (2.12–7.64) | / | / | / | |
| Alcohol use | Yes in the past year, but not in the past 30 days | / | 8.15 (2.16–30.78) | / | / |
| Yes, in the past 30 days | / | 5.20 (1.40–19.24) | / | / | |
| No | / | 1.0 | / | / | |
| Binge drinking | Yes in the past year, but not in the past 30 days | / | 0.48 (0.24–0.98) | / | / |
| Yes, in the past 30 days | / | 0.39 (0.19–0.82) | / | / | |
| No | / | 1.0 | / | / | |
| Cannabis use | Yes | / | / | 1.54 (0.74–3.19) | / |
| No | / | / | 1.0 | / | |
| Time spent playing video games per day (mean±SD) | / | / | / | / | |
| Time spent using mobile phone per day (mean±SD) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | / | 0.99 (0.99–1.01) | |
| Family relations | Poor | 1.79 (0.31–10.50) | 1.97 (0.53–7.33) | / | / |
| Average | 1.05 (0.33–3.28) | 1.06 (0.31–1.56) | / | / | |
| Good | 1.0 | 1.0 | / | / | |
| Self-rated health status | Poor | 1.41 (0.20–10.05) | 0.23 (0.03–1.56) | / | / |
| Average | 2.37 (0.84–6.65) | 0.15 (0.02–0.91) | / | / | |
| Good | 1.0 | 1.0 | / | / | |
| Relationship status | Single | / | / | / | 1.0 |
| With partner | / | / | / | 1.58 (0.98–2.56) | |
| Anxiety medicine use in the past 12 months | Yes | 1.35 (0.57–3.18) | 2.25 (1.26–3.99) | 2.03 (1.22–3.36) | |
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Strength on the dominant hand | <25th percentile | 1.0 | |||
| 25thto 75th percentile | / | 1.41 (0.72–2.75) | / | / | |
| >75th percentile | / | 2.28 (1.06–4.89) | / | / | |
| PHQ-9 score (mean±SD) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) | |
| Zung SAS score (mean±SD) | 1.14 (1.06–1.22) | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | |
| Study engagement score (mean±SD) | 0.86 (0.81–0.92) | 0.92 (0.87–0.96) | 0.89 (0.86–0.93) | 0.91 (0.88–0.94) | |
| MSPSS score (mean±SD) | 0.68 (0.43–1.10) | 0.71 (0.50–0.99) | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | 0.96 (0.75–1.22) | |
| Physical activity (MET minutes/week; mean±SD) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | / | / | / | |
Differences between participants with and without overall burnout*
| Characteristic | With burnout | Without burnout | p-value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | 132 (88.6) | 243 (91.4) | |
| Rural | 17 (11.4) | 23 (8.6) | 0.360 | |
| Male | 42 (27.6) | 83 (31.2) | |
| Female | 110 (72.4) | 183 (68.8) | 0.443 | |
| Age (in years) (mean±SD) | 23.45±1.45 | 22.22±16.82 | 0.086 | |
| BMI (in kg/m2) (mean±SD) | 23.07±3.82 | 22.77±3.39 | 0.873 | |
| Own apartment | 34 (22.4) | 66 (24.7) | |
| Rented apartment | 28 (18.4) | 63 (23.6) | ||
| Student dorm | 21 (13.8) | 48 (18.0) | ||
| Parental home | 65 (42.8) | 85 (31.8) | ||
| Other | 4 (2.6) | 5 (1.9) | 0.205 | |
| GPA (mean±SD) | 8.87±0.68 | 8.57±0.72 | 0.015 | |
| Yes | 40 (26.8) | 54 (21.2) | |
| No | 109 (73.2) | 201 (78.8) | 0.193 | |
| Yes | 18 (11.8) | 36 (13.6) | |
| No | 134 (88.2) | 229 (86.4) | 0.610 | |
| Yes | 15 (9.9) | 32 (12.1) | |
| No | 137 (90.1) | 233 (87.9) | 0.493 | |
| Yes in the past year, but not in the past 30 days | 36 (23.7) | 57 (21.3) | |
| Yes, in the past 30 days | 107 (70.4) | 185 (69.3) | ||
| No | 9 (5.9) | 25 (9.4) | 0.434 | |
| Yes in the past year, but not in the past 30 days | 50 (33.1) | 65 (24.4) | |
| Yes, in the past 30 days | 52 (34.4) | 104 (39.1) | ||
| No | 49 (32.5) | 97 (36.5) | 0.163 | |
| Yes | 25 (16.4) | 30 (11.2) | |
| No | 127 (83.6) | 237 (88.8) | 0.129 | |
| Time spent on social media per day (mean±SD) | 2.75±1.64 | 2.97±1.64 | 0.954 | |
| Time spent playing video-games per day (mean±SD) | 0.51±1.49 | 0.32±0.78 | 0.874 | |
| Time spent using mobile phone per day (mean±SD) | 34.59±41.65 | 36.66±43.69 | 0.027 | |
| Poor | 4 (2.6) | 4 (1.5) | |
| Average | 51 (33.6) | 89 (33.3) | ||
| Good | 97 (63.8) | 174 (65.2) | 0.712 | |
| Poor | 11 (7.2) | 10 (3.7) | |
| Average | 32 (21.1) | 31 (11.6) | ||
| Good | 109 (71.7) | 226 (84.6) | 0.006 | |
| Poor | 7 (4.7) | 4 (1.5) | |
| Average | 31 (20.7) | 28 (10.5) | ||
| Good | 112 (74.7) | 235 (88.0) | 0.002 | |
| Single | 94 (61.8) | 140 (52.4) | |
| With partner | 58 (38.2) | 127 (47.6) | 0.062 | |
| Yes | 60 (39.5) | 64 (24.0) | |
| No | 92 (60.5) | 203 (76.0) | 0.001 | |
| <25th percentile | 35 (23.0) | 71 (26.7) | |
| 25th to 75th percentile | 73 (48.0) | 137 (51.5) | ||
| >75th percentile | 44 (28.9) | 58 (21.8) | 0.251 | |
| <25th percentile | 37 (24.3) | 74 (27.8) | |
| 25th to 75th percentile | 76 (50.0) | 126 (47.4) | ||
| >75th percentile | 39 (25.7) | 66 (24.8) | 0.738 | |
| PHQ-9 score (mean±SD) | 9.72±5.27 | 6.46±5.28 | 0.001 | |
| Zung SAS score (mean±SD) | 39.98±8.41 | 32.85±7.13 | 0.001 | |
| Study engagement score (mean±SD) | 30.63±8.02 | 36.43±5.92 | 0.001 | |
| MSPSS score (mean±SD) | 5.60±1.07 | 6.37±0.79 | 0.001 | |
| Physical activity (MET minutes/week; mean±SD) | 2629.48±1927.84 | 2851.56±1860.09 | 0.001 | |