Assessment of the impacts of ergonomic risk factors on shopping centre employees

Abdullah Köse; Ömer Gündoğdu

doi:10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3741

Figures & Tables

Comparison of Workplace Ergonomics Scale sub-dimensions and total scores according to the descriptive characteristics of the shopping centre employees (N=222)

Introductory Features		Occupational Health and Safety	Environmental Conditions	Psychological Elements	Employee Safety	Workplace Social Environment	Working Environment	Workplace Ergonomics Scale Total Score
Introductory Features		Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD
Gender	Woman	26.07±6.68	21.28±6.27	20.85±3.55	21.42±6.60	13.03±4.94	12.88±4.31	115.56±25.97
Gender	Man	25.12±7.11	20.34±6.21	19.92±4.28	20.66±6.64	12.76±4.69	12.80±4.23	111.62±24.34
Test/significance		U/p:5599.000/0.241	t/p:-1.119/0.246	U/p:5400.500/0.110	U/p:5691.500/0.330	t/p:-0.411/0.681	t/p:-0.140/0.889	t/p:-1.162/0.246
Marital status	Married	26.26±6.17	21.15±5.76	20.04±3.69	21.89±6.22	14.01±4.14	13.40±3.84	116.76±21.72
Marital status	Single	25.33±7.17	20.68±6,44	20.55±4.04	20.71±6.76	12.44±5,00	12.61±4.41	112.35±26.48
Test/significance		U/p:4899.500/0.639	t/p:0.505/0.200	U/p:4510.000/0.168	U/p:4476.500/0.149	t/p:2.412/0.017	t/p:1.245/0.215	t/p:1.288/0.200
Education level	Primary Education	21.60±7.48	17.26±5.31	17.00±5.15	19.33±6.19	13.00±3.58	12.33±3.67	100.53±26.30
	High School	26.04±7.47	21.18±6.19	20.83±3.72	21.70±6.49	13.42±4.39	13.47±3.97	116.66±23.63
	Associate Degree	25.36±6.56	21.14±6.22	20.89±3.82	20.72±6.89	12.78±5.51	12.52±4.47	113.43±26.22
	Licence	26.30±6.10	21.63±5.98	20.50±3.40	21.18±6.47	12.45±4.96	12.73±4.52	114.80±25.06
	Graduate	24.40±5.12	12.00±4.84	16.60±5.45	17.20±8.75	10.40±5.36	8.40±2.96	89.00±23.03
Test/significance		KW/P:6.567/0.161	F/P:4.315/0.002	KW/P:13.645/.009	KW/P:3.672/0.452	F/p:0.733/0.570	F/p:2.002/0.095	F/p:2.628/0.035
Working position	Security Guard	18.44±3.12	19.08±3.35	18.44±3.12	21.44±4.19	13.80±3.47	13.68±3.32	110.48±15.62
	Cleaning Staff	19.25±4.02	20.62±4.89	19.25±4.02	19.16±6.69	12.83±3.37	12.20±3.65	108,75±16,95
	Sales Consultant	21.11±3.37	20.83±6.66	21.11±3.37	21.40±6.15	12.54±5.05	12.88±4.03	115.00±25.51
	Food Industry	20.28±4.15	20.64±6.34	20.28±4.15	18.24±8.23	12.64±5.55	11.80±5.37	107.56±27.47
	Executive	20.53±4.99	22.02±7.03	20.53±4.99	22.69±7.31	13.46±5.17	13.23±4,88	118.44±30.58
Test/significance		KW/P:8.140/0.087	F/p:0.89/0.469	KW/P:16.094/0.003	KW/P:10.308/0.036	F/p:0.525/0.717	F/p:0.837/0.503	F/p:1.158/0.330
Nature of work	Requires Confidentiality	26.23±7.69	18.90±7.23	20.14±5.17	21.00±7.68	12.47±5.14	11.28±4.30	110.04±31.73
	Requires Attention	25.68±6.74	21.32±5.90	19.93±3.89	21.62±5.91	13.26±4.38	13.37±3.89	115.20±23.49
	Does not Require Much Attention and Confidentiality	23.36±6.21	20.19±5.43	21.27±3.45	17.13±7.88	10.86±5.47	11.05±5.03	103.88±23.60
	Requires Great Attention and Confidentiality	28.18±7.51	20.45±8.35	22.31±2.93	23.86±5.25	14.31±5.33	13.81±4.30	122.95±28.05
Test/significance		KW/P:8.935/0.030	F/p:1.113/0.345	KW/P:10.762/0.013	KW/P:13.665/0.003	F/p:3.210/0.024	F/p:4.361/0.005	F/p:3.214/0.024
Presence of chronic disease	Available	23.78±8.21	17.35±7.29	20.42±6.64	16.07±8.00	9.21±5.89	9.92±5.49	96.78±32.51
Presence of chronic disease	Absent	25.73±6.80	21.05±6.12	20.40±3.71	21.39±6.39	13.15±4.64	13.04±4.11	114.78±24.32
Test/significance		U/p:1280,000/0.447	t/p:-2.163/0.032	U/p:1180.000/0.230	U/p:861.000/0.010	t/p:-3.017/0.003	t/p:-2.081/0.056	t/p:-2.619/0.009
Health complaint	Available	23.69±7.47	16.42±5.69	20.06±4.51	17.87±6.07	9.02±4.17	10.42±3.57	97.51±20.85
Health complaint	Absent	26.15±6.64	22.06±5.83	20.50±3.77	21.95±6.50	14.00±4.40	13.53±4.20	118.21±24.50
Test/significance		U/p:3428,500/0.040	t/p:-6.006/0.000	U/p:4115,000/0.753	U/p:2609,500/0.000	t/p:-7.071/0.000	t/p:-4.705/0.000	t/p:-5.387/0.000

Personal and professional characteristics of the shopping centre employees (N=222)

Characteristics		N	%
Gender	Woman	114	51.40
Gender	Man	108	48.60
Marital status	Married	65	29.30
Marital status	Single	157	70.70
Age (years) (Mean±SD: 28.09±5.52 years) (Range: 18–54 years)	18–25	85	38.30
	26–32	99	44.60
	33–40	32	14.40
	≥41	6	2.70
Education	Primary school	15	6.80
	High school	87	39.20
	Associate degree	55	24.80
	Undergraduate	60	27.00
	Graduate	5	2.30
Working position	Security guard	25	11.30
	Cleaning staff	24	10.80
	Sales consultant	105	47.30
	Food	25	11.30
	Administration	43	19.40
Nature of work	Requires confidentiality	21	9.50
	Requires attention	143	64.40
	Does not require much attention and confidentiality	36	16.20
	Other	22	9.90
Presence of chronic disease	Yes	14	6.30
Presence of chronic disease	No	208	93.70
Health complaint	Yes	49	22.10
Health complaint	No	173	77.90
Income (Mean±SD: 240.41±71.14 USD) (Range: 45.60–560.62 USD)	0–107	31	14.00
	108–215	9	4.10
	216–322	165	74.30
	323–430	15	6.80
	431–590	2	0.90
Duration of employment (years) (Mean±SD: 3.74±2.87 years) (Range: 1 month–20 years)	<1 year	34	15.30
	1–5 years	140	63.10
	6–9 years	36	16.20
	10–15 years	9	4.10
	≥16 years	3	1.40
Daily working time (h) (Mean±SD: 9.26±2.19 h) (Range: 2–18 h)	2–6 h	10	4.50
	7–10 h	145	65.30
	11–16 h	67	30.20
Daily rest time (h) (Mean±SD: 9.52±6.62 h) (Range: 1–48 h)	1–5 h	62	27.90
	6–10 h	91	41.00
	10–15 h	40	18.00
	≥16 h	29	13.10

Workplace Ergonomics Scale and the sub-dimension mean scores of shopping centre employees (N=222)

	Mean±SD	Min	Max
Workplace Ergonomics Scale total score	113.64±25.21	32	160
Occupational health and safety	25.60±6.89	7	35
Environmental conditions	20.82 ±6.24	6	30
Psychological elements	20.40±3.94	5	25
Employee safety	21.05±6.61	6	30
Workplace social environment	12.90±4.81	4	20
Working environment	12.84±4.26	4	20

The relationship between personal and occupational characteristics of shopping centre employees and the sub-dimension of the Workplace Ergonomics Scale and total scores (N=222)

		Occupational Health and Safety	Environmental Conditions	Psychological Elements	Employee Safety	Workplace Social Environment	Working Environment	Workplace Ergonomics Scale Total Score
Income	r	0.160^*	.109	−.065	.142^*	.127	.090	.137^*
Income	p	0.017	.105	.338	.035	.060	.180	.041
Operation time	r	0.010	−.041	−.079	−.187^**	−.129	−.192^**	−.126
Operation time	p	0.881	.546	.242	.005	.054	.004	.061
Daily working hours	r	−0.031	−.105	−.098	−.180^**	−.182^**	−.224^**	−.170^*
Daily working hours	p	0.650	.118	.146	.007	.006	.001	.011
Rest time	r	0.064	−.108	−.011	.013	.011	−.091	−.021
Rest time	p	0.344	.107	.873	.846	.870	.179	.757
Age	r	0-.009	−.075	−.075	−.060	.029	−.052	−.052
Age	p	0.892	.264	.264	.376	.665	.443	.443

Assessment of the impacts of ergonomic risk factors on shopping centre employees

Figures & Tables

Comparison of Workplace Ergonomics Scale sub-dimensions and total scores according to the descriptive characteristics of the shopping centre employees (N=222)

Personal and professional characteristics of the shopping centre employees (N=222)

Workplace Ergonomics Scale and the sub-dimension mean scores of shopping centre employees (N=222)

The relationship between personal and occupational characteristics of shopping centre employees and the sub-dimension of the Workplace Ergonomics Scale and total scores (N=222)

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