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Untying the anchor for the lipopolysaccharide: lipid A structural modification systems offer diagnostic and therapeutic options to tackle polymyxin resistance Cover

Untying the anchor for the lipopolysaccharide: lipid A structural modification systems offer diagnostic and therapeutic options to tackle polymyxin resistance

By: Vanessa Rogga and  Ivan Kosalec  
Open Access
|Sep 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

The two most common types of lipid A modifications that lead to colistin resistance
The two most common types of lipid A modifications that lead to colistin resistance

A_ baumannii native and modified lipid A structures and their corresponding m/z values (36, 39)

A. baumannii
Typem/zProposed structure
Native lipid A1728
Native lipid A1910
Chromosome-encoded resistance – pEtN addition2033 (1910 + 123)

E_ coli native and modified lipid A structures and their corresponding m/z value (38, 39, 44)

E. coli
Typem/zProposed structure
Native lipid A1796
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition1927 (1796 + 131)
Both plasmid- and chromosome-encoded resistance1919 (1796 + 123)

K_ pneumoniae native and modified lipid A structures and their corresponding m/z values (35, 39)

K. pneumoniae
Typem/zProposed structures
Native lipid A1824
1840
Native lipid A2062
2078
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition1971 (1840 + 131)
2209 (2078 + 131)
Plasmid-encoded resistance – pEtN addition1963 (1840 + 123)
2201 (2078 + 123)

P_ aeruginosa native and modified lipid A structures and their corresponding m/z values (37)

P. aeruginosa
Typem/zProposed structures
Native lipid A1446
1462
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition1577 (1446 + 131)
1593 (1462 + 131)
1708 (1446 + 262)
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition1724 (1462 + 262)

S_ enterica native and modified lipid A structures and their corresponding m/z values (34, 39)

S. enterica
Typem/zProposed structure
Native lipid A1796
1812
Native lipid A1876
2034
Native lipid A2050
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition1927 (1796 + 131)
Chromosome-encoded resistance – L-Ara4N addition2165 (2034 + 131)
Plasmid-encoded resistance – pEtN addition1919 (1796 + 123)
Plasmid-encoded resistance – pEtN addition1935 (1812 + 123)
2157 (2034 + 123)
Plasmid-encoded resistance – pEtN addition2173 (2050 + 123)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3717 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
Language: English, Croatian, Slovenian
Page range: 145 - 166
Submitted on: Jan 1, 2023
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Accepted on: Jul 1, 2023
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Published on: Sep 30, 2023
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2023 Vanessa Rogga, Ivan Kosalec, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.