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The effects of simvastatin and fenofibrate on malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione concentrations in the plasma, liver, and brain of normolipidaemic and hyperlipidaemic rats Cover

The effects of simvastatin and fenofibrate on malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione concentrations in the plasma, liver, and brain of normolipidaemic and hyperlipidaemic rats

Open Access
|Apr 2023

Figures & Tables

Table 1

The effects of simvastatin (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks) on MDA and GSH levels in the plasma, liver, and brain of normolipidaemic rats

VariableSourceControlaSimvastatina
(10 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
ControlaSimvastatina
(50 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
MDA (μmol/L)Plasma0.26±0.051
(n=8)
0.24±0.046
(n=8)
0.471
(-0.05–0.08)
0.30±0.236
(n=7)
0.24±0.036
(n=6)
0.044
(-0.14–0.06)
Liver105.2±15.12
(n=6)
92.3±19.26
(n=10)
0.166
(-33.31–6.32)
103.6±17.94
(n=8)
104.8±22.54
(n=8)
0.909
(-20.65–23.04)
Brain2.67±0.204
(n=8)
1.11±0.231
(n=10)
<0.001
(-1.77–1.33)
2.28±0.508
(n=8)
1.80±0.218
(n=6)
0.050
(-0.97–0.01)
GSH (μg/mL)Plasma57.3±17.68
(n=6)
47.4±15.81
(n=9)
0.324
(-30.81–10.96)
51.0±17.68
(n=8)
47.7±26.80
(n=7)
0.778
(-28.32–21.61)
Liver133.5±21.24
(n=6)
218.1±43.03
(n=5)
0.002
(39.80–129.6)
229.0±36.05
(n=6)
258.0±135.2
(n=6)
0.623
(-96.57–43.02)
Brain17.2±4.61
(n=8)
22.1±9.08
(n=10)
0.179
(-2.52–12.47)
20.2±4.23
(n=8)
23.6±5.01
(n=9)
0.152
(-1.41–8.24)

1 GSH – reduced glutathione; MDA – malondialdehyde. Bold P values are significant at the <0.05 level.

1 a mean ± SD.

1 b P value of independent two-sample t-test.

1 c 95 % confidence interval for difference between means

Table 2

The effects of fenofibrate (30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks) on MDA and GSH levels in the plasma, liver, and brain of normolipidaemic rats

VariableSourceControlaFenofibratea
(30 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
ControlaFenofibratea
(50 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
MDA (μmol/L)Plasma0.33±0.127
(n=5)
0.20±0.033
(n=8)
0.017
(-0.23–0.03)
0.31±0.048
(n=8)
0.18±0.022
(n=8)
<0.001
(-0.17–0.08)
Liver62.2±14.43
(n=7)
62.4±15.37
(n=10)
0.971
(-34.18–14.22)
85.0±10.70
(n=8)
71.1±11.95
(n=8)
0.188
(-23.18–7.57)
Brain3.51±0.596
(n=8)
3.30±0.40
(n=10)
0.404
(-0.69–0.29)
2.89±1.018
(n=8)
2.20±0.13
(n=7)
0.120
(-1.30–0.09)
GSH (μ/mL)Plasma69.6±20.85
(n=5)
76.5±15.63
(n=4)
0.602
(-22.93–36.68)
70.4±12.23
(n=6)
92.4±18.32
(n=7)
0.030
(2.60–41.41)
Liver71.8±36.16
(n=8)
33.3±17.71
(n=9)
0.013
(-67.33–9.57)
72.6±16.31
(n=6)
29.2±10.27
(n=10)
<0.001
(-57.51–29.24)
Brain16.7±2.54
(n=7)
15.2±3.54
(n=9)
0.349
(-4.95–1.87)
20.6±5.58
(n=8)
23.5±2.57
(n=10)
0.169
(-1.34–7.03)

1 GSH – reduced glutathione; MDA – malondialdehyde. Bold P values are significant at the <0.05 level.

1 a mean ± SD.

1 b P value of independent two-sample t-test.

1 c 95 % confidence interval for difference between means

Table 3

The effects of simvastatin (50 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks) and fenofibrate (30 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks) on MDA and GSH levels in the plasma, liver, and brain of hyperlipidaemic rats

VariableSourceControlaSimvastatina
(50 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
Fenofibratea
(30 mg/kg/day)
P valueb
(95 % CI)c
MDA (μmol/L)Plasma0.39±0.114
(n=6)
0.40±0.036
(n=6)
0.960
(-0.11–0.09)
0.26±0.036
(n=7)
0.009
(0.04–0.24)
Liver92.1±30.00
(n=6)
100.4±19.45
(n=6)
0.828
(-46.89–30.43)
82.8±31.26
(n=7)
0.774
(-27.96–46.55)
Brain9.7±1.67
(n=6)
8.6±2.42
(n=6)
0.641
(-2.32–4.61)
13.5±3.08
(n=6)
0.032
(-7.26–0.33)
GSH (μ/mL)Plasma251.7±127.4
(n=4)
224.2±57.58
(n=5)
0.845
(-117.2–172.2)
304.6±0.033
(n=4)
0.593
(-205.5–99.61)
Liver59.4±22.00
(n=6)
33.0±24.04
(n=5)
0.045
(0.57–52.34)
12.2±5.98
(n=8)
0.001
(24.13–70.30)
Brain8.9±1.73
(n=6)
9.1±1.80
(n=6)
0.876
(-3.26–2.28)
9.1±2.30
(n=7)
0.847
(-3.19–2.14)

1 GSH – reduced glutathione; MDA – malondialdehyde. Bold P values are significant at the <0.05 level.

1 a mean ± SD.

1 b P value of Dunnett’s multiple comparison test with control.

1 c 95 % confidence interval for difference between means

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3697 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 (formerly 0004-1254) | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
Language: English, Croatian
Page range: 34 - 41
Submitted on: Dec 1, 2022
Accepted on: Mar 1, 2023
Published on: Apr 4, 2023
Published by: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2023 Antonija Vukšić, Dubravka Rašić, Suzana Žunec, Tamara Božina, Paško Konjevoda, Jasna Lovrić, Marinko Bilušić, Vlasta Bradamante, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.