Pro-oxidant potency of clothianidin in rainbow trout

Tarek Fakhereddin; Demet Doğan

doi:10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3522

Figures & Tables

Change in mean SOD, CAT, and GPx enzyme activities in heart and spleen tissues of rainbow trout following clothianidin exposure with respect to control. * p<0.05; **p<0.01

Change in mean AChE enzyme activity in heart and spleen tissues of rainbow trout following clothianidin exposure with respect to control. * p<0.05; **p<0.01

Effects of environmental clothianidin exposure on protein (mg/mL), GSH (nmol/mg protein), protein carbonyl (ng/mg protein), and MDA (nmol/mg protein) levels in heart and spleen tissues of rainbow trout

	Heart			Spleen
	Exposure duration (days)
	7	14	21	7	14	21
Protein
Control	5.35±0.27^ax	5.63±0.39^ax	5.15±0.48^ax	6.85±0.78^ax	6.30±0.20^ax	7.15±0.85^ax
3 μg/L	5.45±0.28^ax	5.20±0.47^ax	4.75±0.30^ax	6.93±0.60^ax	6.20±0.70^ax	5.43±0.12^abx
15 μg/L	5.60±0.28^ax	5.15±0.39^axy	4.50±0.27^ay	7.28±0.92^ax	4.10±0.34^by	4.55±0.31^by
30 μg/L	5.38±0.36^ax	4.63±0.52^ax	2.65±0.41^by*	6.45±0.78^ax	3.67±0.57^by*	3.78±0.36^by
GSH
Control	0.205±0.010^ax	0.244±0.017^ax	0.219±0.021^ax	0.257±0.031^ax	0.311±0.021^ax	0.313±0.035^ax
3 μg/L	0.210±0.012^ax	0.204±0.020^ax	0.237±0.013^ax	0.160±0.024^ax	0.320±0.035^ay	0.322±0.010^ay
15 μg/L	0.217±0.010^ax	0.195±0.015^ax	0.292±0.017^ax	0.173±0.020^ax	0.308±0.022^ay	0.267±0.038^axy
30 μg/L	0.217±0.016^ax	0.310±0.041^ax	0.692±0.103^by*	0.237±0.026^ax	0.591±0.075^by*	0.387±0.030^az
Protein carbonyl
Control	0.064±0.003^ax	0.077±0.005^ax	0.080±0.008^ax	0.205±0.021^ax	0.229±0.023^ax	0.207±0.018^ax
3 μg/L	0.077±0.005^abx	0.081±0.008^ax	0.068±0.008^ax	0.171±0.022^ax	0.192±0.009^ax	0.194±0.017^ax
15 μg/L	0.079±0.004^abx	0.060±0.005^ax	0.068±0.004^ax	0.174±0.016^ax	0.190±0.024^ax	0.268±0.015^bx*
30 μg/L	0.109±0.008^bx	0.130±0.017^by*	0.227±0.035^bz*	0.205±0.024^ax	0.302±0.019^by*	0.323±0.021^cz*
MDA
Control	0.100±0.004^ax	0.128±0.021^ax	0.149±0.012^ax	0.428±0.051^ax	0.470±0.032^ax	0.376±0.044^ax
3 μg/L	0.153±0.009^abx	0.216±0.010^abx	0.194±0.011^ax	0.310±0.025^ax	0.353±0.038^ax	0.506±0.013^by
15 μg/L	0.144±0.006^ax	0.178±0.006^abx	0.189±0.010^ax	0.374±0.017^ax	0.359±0.026^ax	0.540±0.034^by*
30 μg/L	0.250±0.018^bx*	0.231±0.030^bx	0.701±0.108^by*	0.338±0.038^ax	0.722±0.095^by*	0.612±0.044^by*

Heart and spleen somatic indices in rainbow trout by weeks of exposure to clothianidin

		Somatic indices
	7 days	14 days	21 days
Heart
Control	0.119±0.015^ax	0.126±0.008^ax	0.123±0.008^ax
3 μg/L	0.139±0.005^ax	0.111±0.012^ax	0.137±0.014^ax
15 μg/L	0.155±0.030^ax	0.149±0.021^ax	0.158±0.024^ax
30 μg/L	0.125±0.004^ax	0.147±0.019^axy	0.178±0.013^by
Spleen
Control	0.204±0.053^ax	0.225±0.048^ax	0.206±0.010^ax
3 μg/L	0.172±0.037^ax	0.147±0.035^ax	0.106±0.022^abx
15 μg/L	0.287±0.065^ax	0.154±0.030^ax	0.113±0.012^abx
30 μg/L	0.197±0.036^ax	0.214±0.055^ax	0.092±0.009^bx

Pearson correlation coefficients for heart and spleen tissue biomarkers in rainbow trout following clothianidin exposure

		Protein	carbonyl Protein	MDA	AChE	SOD	CAT	GPx	GSH
Heart	Protein	1
	Protein Carbonyl	-0.788^*	1
	MDA	-0.760^*	0.901^*	1
	AChE	0.516^*	-0.633^*	-0.654^*	1
	SOD	-0.816^*	0.874^*	0.930^*	-0.582^*	1
	CAT	-0.671^*	0.781^*	0.809^*	-0.437^*	0.735^*	1
	GPx	-0.874^*	0.849^*	0.937^*	-0.598^*	0.951^*	0.798^*	1
	GSH	-0.855^*	0.908^*	0.942^*	-0.624^*	0.965^*	0.792^*	0.969^*	1
Spleen	Protein	1
	Protein Carbonyl	-0.526^*	1
	MDA	-0.705^*	0.650^*	1
	AChE	-0.254	0.225	0.218	1
	SOD	-0.765^*	0.505^*	0.758^*	0.265	1
	CAT	-0.736^*	0.647^*	0.749^*	0.141	0.725^*	1
	GPx	-0.789^*	0.589^*	0.818^*	0.239	0.924^*	0.723^*	1
	GSH	-0.664^*	0.576^*	0.832^*	0.165	0.853^*	0.597^*	0.927^*	1

Pro-oxidant potency of clothianidin in rainbow trout

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Effects of environmental clothianidin exposure on protein (mg/mL), GSH (nmol/mg protein), protein carbonyl (ng/mg protein), and MDA (nmol/mg protein) levels in heart and spleen tissues of rainbow trout

Heart and spleen somatic indices in rainbow trout by weeks of exposure to clothianidin

Pearson correlation coefficients for heart and spleen tissue biomarkers in rainbow trout following clothianidin exposure

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