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Metallothionein 2A gene polymorphisms in relation to diseases and trace element levels in humans Cover

Metallothionein 2A gene polymorphisms in relation to diseases and trace element levels in humans

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
Volume 71 (2020): Issue 1 (March 2020)
By: ,   and    
Open Access
|Apr 2020
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Genotype frequencies of the rs28366003 (MT2A −5A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism in humans

EthnicitynStudy participantsAAAGGG
Stajnko et al., 2019 (99)Croatian136Pregnant women93.0#7.0$
Slovenian176Non-pregnant women95.0#5.0$
Shokrzadeh et al., 2019 (101)Iranian95Men and women with gastric cancer46.441.012.6
90Control healthy men and women57.837.84.4
Sekovanić et al., 2018 (4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairs94.06.0§
González-al., 2018 (Martínez 102) etColombian101Men and women53.443.63.0
Białkowska et al., 2018Polish197Men with prostate cancer90.99.1§
(88)197Control men without prostate cancer89.310.7§
Yang et al., 2017 (105)Thai677Men and women79.520.50.0
Liu et al., 2017 (100)Chinese459Women with breast cancer (various types)82.315.32.4
549Control healthy women92.57.50.0
130Men and women with AMD88.511.50.0
García et al., 2017 (97)Spanish96Control healthy men and women97.92.10.0
Raudenska et al., 2017 (103)70Men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus88.68.60.0
Czech80Control healthy men and women86.313.70.0
Hattori et al., 2016 (95)Japanese2774Men and women81.817.40.8
Adams et al., 2015 (104)US170Premenopausal women88.012.00.0
151Men and women84.015.01.0
130Men and women with SIP75.423.80.8
Starska et al., 2015 (80)Polish418Control men and women without head or neck tumour95.54.10.0
117Men and women with SIP76.123.10.8
Starska et al., 2015 (84)Polish132Control men and women with normal sinonasal mucosa87.912.10.0
323Men and women with SCC89.29.90.9
Starska et al., 2014 (85)Polish116Control men and women with normal laryngeal mucosa84.514.60.9
323Men and women with laryngeal cancer89.29.90.9
Starska et al., 2014 (81)Polish418Control healthy men and women84.016.00.0
Krześlak et al., 2014 (82)534Women with ductal breast cancer87.112.30.6
Polish556Control healthy women92.87.20.0
Krześlak et al., 2013 (86)412Men with prostate cancer76.021.12.9
Polish67Control men without prostate cancer88.012.00.0
Wang et al., 2012 (106)US239Men and women89.110.10.8
358Men with prostate cancer76.820.92.3
Forma et al., 2012 (87)Polish406Control men without prostate cancer88.910.60.5
Tekin et al., 2012 (89)Turkish95Mother-newborn pairs87.412.60.0
Tekin et al., 2012 (90)Turkish91Mother-newborn pairs86.813.20.0
Kayaalti et al., 2011 (91)Turkish616Men and women86.612.80.6
Kayaalti et al., 2011 (92)Turkish354Men and women90.49.00.6
McElroy et al., 2010 (98)US142Black women97.92.1-
149White women87.312.8-
Kayaalti et al., 2010 (93)Turkish122Men and women (kidney samples)88.510.70.8
186Men and women (blood samples)86.013.40.6
Kayaalti et al., 2010 (94)Turkish114Men and women (kidney samples)87.711.40.9
Hayashi et al., 2006 (96)37Patients with SALS75.724.30.0
Japanese206Control healthy men and women82.517.00.5

[i] n– sample size; AA – typical homozygote; AG – heterozygote; GG – atypical homozygote; AMD – age-related macular degeneration; SIP – sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); SCC – squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma; SALS – sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; #A allele frequency; $G allele frequency; §G allele carriers (AG plus GG genotype)

Table 2

Association between the rs28366003 (MT2A -5A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism and human diseases

Authors and year of publication (reference No.)EthnicitynStudy participantsSample typeFindings
Shokrzadeh et al., 2019 (101)Iranian95Men and women with gastric cancerLeukocytesSNP MT2A -5A/G increase the risk of gastric
90Control healthy men and womenadenocarcinoma
Bialkowska et al., 2018 (88)197Men with prostate cancerWhole bloodNo association was found between SNP MT2A -5A/
197Control men without prostate cancerG and prostate cancer
Liu et al., 2017 (100)Chinese459Women with breast cancerWhole bloodSNP MT2A -5A/G was associated with different
549Control healthy womentypes of breast cancer
130Men and women with AMDAG genotype subjects had 5.5-fold higher risk for
Garcia et al., 2017 (97)Spanish96Control healthy men and womenWhole bloodAMD; G allele was associated with dry form of AMD
Raudenska et al., 2017 (103)70Men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitusNo association was found between SNP MT2A -5A/
80Control healthy men and womenG and type 2 diabetes mellitus
165Men and women with DM
Hattori et al., 2016 (95)Japanese417Men and women with CKDSerumGG genotype associated with CKD and AG genotype with DM; no association of MT2A -5A/G and HT
2192Healthy men and women
130Men and women with SIPSNP MT2A -5A/G was related to SIP (Schneiderian
Starska et al., 2015 (80)418Control men and women without head or neck tumourpapilloma); G allele increased 7.7-fold occurrence of SIP (Schneiderian papilloma); SNP MT2A -5A/G was associated with SIP phenotype
Polish117Men and women with SIPTissue of nasal cavities orHeterozygotes vs. homozygotes had increased risk
Starska et al., 2015 (84)132Control men and women with normal sinonasal mucosaparanasal sinusesof SIP
323Men and women with laryngeal cancerAG genotype subjects had 1.6-fold higher risk for
Starska et al., 2014 (81)418Control healthy men and womenlaryngeal cancer development; Association between SNP MT2A -5A/G and tumour aggressiveness
Kizeslak et al., 2014 (82)534Women with ductal breast cancerSNP MT2A -5A/G was associated with ductal breast
Polish556Control healthy womenWhole bloodcancer
Kiześlak et al., 2013 (86)Polish412Men with prostate cancerAG genotype had higher risk for occurrence of
67Control men without prostate cancerprostate cancer
Forma et al., 2012 (87)Polish358Men with prostate cancerProstate tissueSNP MT2A -5A/G was associated with prostate
406Control men without prostate cancercancer and Gleason score
Kayaalty et al., 2011 (92)Turkish354Healthy men and womenWhole bloodSNPMT24 -5A/G was associated with longevity
Hayashi et al., 2006 (96)Japanese37Patients with SALSWhole bloodNo association between SNP MT2A -5A/G and
206Control healthy men and womenSALS and progression rate

[i] n - sample size; AG - heterozygote; GG - homozygote-atypical; MT2A - metallothionein 2A; AMD - age-related macular degeneration; CKD - chronic kidney disease; DM - diabetes mellitus; HT - hypertension; SIP - sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); SALS - sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Table 3

Association between the rs28366003 (MT2A -5A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism and element concentrations in humans

EthnicitynStudy participantsSample typeAAAGGGFindings
As concentrations (μg/g creatine)
Stajnko et al., 2019 (99)Croatian136Pregnant womenUrine3.07*4.58*.§No differences between genotypes
Gonzalez-et al., 2018 Martinez, (102)Colombian101Men and womenUrine(Not available)No and association SNP MT2between A -5A/G As
Cd concentrations (μg/L* or μg/kg)
Maternal blood0.87±0.99*0.73±0.60*,§
Sekovanić et al.,Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood0.06±0.03*0.05±0.03*,§No difference in either
2018(4)Placenta10.1±5.18.80±3.70§sample between genotypes
Hattori et al., 2016 (95)Japanese2774Men and womenSerum(Graphical illustration: Cd = 0.001*)No differences between genotypes
Adams et al, 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Cd in urine of G allele carriers
Starska et al., 2015 (84)Polish117Men and women with SIP116±79376±126393AG vs. AA genotype ↑Cd in SIP samples; no association between Cd and SNP MI2A -5A/G in control samples
132Control men and women with normal sinonasal mucosaTissue of nasal or paranasal sinuses (dry)62.2±41.296.2±57.1-
323Men and women with SCC198±87369±128509±57AG vs. AA genotype ↑Cd in
Starska et al., 2014 (85)Polish116Control men and women with normal laryngeal mucosaTissue of laryngeal mucosa (dry)87.2±32.2113±26117both sample types; GG vs. AA and AG vs. GG genotype ↑Cd in SCC samples
Krzeslak et al., 2013 (86)Polish412Men with prostate cancerProstate tissue (dry)720±330970±4601090±220AG vs. AA genotype ↑Cd in both sample types; GG vs. AA genotype ↑Cd in prostate cancer samples
Tekin et al, 2012Maternal blood1.60±0.94*2.54±2.72*AG vs. AA genotype |Cd in
Turkish95Mother-newborn pairsCord blood0.95±0.32*0.98±0.28*maternal blood and ↓Cd in
Placenta20.8±19.78.65±6.70placenta
Kayaalti et al, 2011 (91)Turkish616Men and womenWhole blood1.60±1.44*2.09±1.85*5.98±4.38*G allele carriers ↑Cd
Kayaalti et al, 2010 (94)Turkish114Men and womenKidney samples (dry)87.7±62.9†151±60†153f↑Cd in G allele carriers
Pb concentrations (μg/L*or μg/kg)
Maternal blood13.7±6.6*12.0±3.6*,§
Sekovanić et al., 2018(4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood8.3±5.5*7.1±4.0*-sNo difference in either sample between genotypes
Placenta6.9±4.95.5±2.8§
Yang et al, 2017 (105)Thai677Men and womenWhole blood122±122*105±113*-No differences between genotype
Maternal blood3.53±1.43*5.13±2.79*-
Tekin et al, 2012 (901Turkish91Mother-newborn pairsCord blood2.42±1.00*2.94±1.49*-AG vs. AA genotype ↑ Pb in maternal blood
Placenta7.79±2.559.75±4.14-
Krzeslaketal, 2013 (86)412Men with prostate cancer3.11±1.27†4.66±1.82†5.11±2.52†GG vs. AA genotype ↑Pb in
Polish67Control men without prostate cancerProstate tissue (dry)1.67±0.61f1.72±0.67f-prostate cancer
Kayaalti et al, 2011 (91)Turkish616Men and womenPlasma30.1±13.9*32.9±14.9*50.4±11.5*G allele carriers ↑Pb
Hg concentrations (μg/L*or μg/kg)
Maternal blood13.7±6.6*12.0±3.6*s
Sekovanić et al., 2018(4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood8.3±5.5*7.1±4.0*,§No difference in either sample between genotypes
Placenta6.9±4.95.5±2.8§
Wang et al., 2012TTC239Men and womenUrine1.03*0.76*0.34*No difference between
(106)247Men and womenHair440390430genotypes
Fe concentrations (mg/L*or mg kg-1)
Maternal blood422±61*418±56*,§
Sekovanić et al., 2018(4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood552±61*539±57*,§G allele carriers (AG+GG) vs. AA genotype ↓Fe in placenta
Placenta83±2274±18§
Maternal blood343±89*373±103*-
Tekin et al, 2012Turkish95Mother-newborn pairsCord blood271±130*456±214*-AG vs. AA genotype ↑Fe in cord blood
Placenta527±194624±162-
Zn concentrations (mg/L*or mg kg-1)
Maternal blood5.58±0.92*5.51±0.82*,§
Sekovanić et al., 2018(4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood2.78±0.46*2.58±0.53*,§No difference in either sample between genotypes
Placenta13.7±3.013.4±1.8§
70Men and women with diabetics(Graphical illustration: Zn= 3* in AG vs. ~ 7.5* in AA)AG vs. AA genotype ↓Zn in blood in diabetics
Raudenskaet al., 2017(103)Czech80Control healthy men and womenWhole blood(Graphical illustration: Zn= 5* in AG vs. ~ 6* in AA)no association between Zn and SNP MT2A -5A/G in the control samples
Hattori et al., 2016 (95)Japanese2774Men and womenSerum(Graphical illustration: Zn = 0.850*)No differences between genotypes
Adams et al, 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Zn in urine of G allele carriers
117Men and women with SIPTissue of nasal cavities or paranasal sinuses (dry)52.2±41.2127±76136AG vs. AA genotype ↑Zn in SIP tissue samples;
Starska et al., 2015 (84)Polish132Control men and women with normal sinonasal mucosa199±44204±52-No association between Zn and SNPMT24 -5A/G in control samples
323Men and women with SCC86.4±38.1184±57194±74AG vs. AA genotype ↑Zn in
Starska et al., 2014 (85)Polish116Control men and women with normal laryngeal mucosaTissue of laryngeal mucosa97.6±30.0133±27129both sample types; GG vs. AA genotype ↑Zn in SCC samples
Krzeslak et al., 2013 (86)412Men with prostate cancer135±48239±80243.7±64.4AG vs. AA genotype ↑Zn in both sample types; GG vs.
Polish67Control men without prostate cancerProstate tissue (dry)485±119927±317AA genotype |Zn in cancer samples
Maternal blood4.33±1.13*4.82±1.44*-
Tekin et al, 2012 (89)Turkish95Mother- newborn pairsCord blood1.32±0.55*1.48±0.53*-No difference between genotypes
Placenta50.5±10.146.1±7-
Kayaaltietal,2011(91)Turkish616Men and womenPlasma1.01±0.48*0.84±0.50*0.39±0.33*G allele carriers ↓Zn
Kayaalti et al., 2010 (94)Turkish114Men and womenKidney tissue (dry)180.2±84.6192±115142No difference between genotypes
Cu concentrations (mg/L*or mg kg-1)
Maternal blood1.52±0.30*1.53±0.09*§
Sekovanić et al., 2018(4)Croatian268Mother-newborn pairsCord blood0.59±0.09*0.58± 0.12*,§No difference in either sample between genotypes
Placenta0.78±0.180.74± 0.08§
Adams et al, 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Cu in urine of G allele carriers
117Men and women with SIPTissue of nasal cavities or paranasal sinuses (dry)24.2±13.627.1±11.626.2No differences between
Starska et al., 2015 (84)Polish132Control men and women with normal sinonasal mucosa11.0±2.9817.2±5.2-genotypes in SIP tissue samples; AG vs. AA genotype ↑Cu in control samples
323Men and women with SCC14.4±7.8326.6±12.529.7±0.72AG vs. AA genotype |Cu in
Starska et al., 2014 (85)Polish116Control men and women with normal laryngeal mucosaTissue of laryngeal mucosa9.85±4.1012.7±3.5611.5both sample types; GG vs. AA genotype |Cu in SCC samples
412Men with prostate cancer10.3±4.221.1±9.625.6±5.8AG vs. AA genotype
Krzeslak et al., 2013 (86)Polish67Control men without prostate cancerProstate tissue (dry)2.9±1.37.6±2.9-↑Cu in both sample types; GG vs. AA genotype ↑ Cu in cancer samples
Maternal blood1.67±0.34*1.84±0.50*-
Tekin (89) et al, 2012Turkish95Mother-newborn pairsCord blood0.69±0.25*0.69±0.28*-No difference genotypes between
Placenta5.90±2.596.63±1.73-
Kayaalti et al., 2011 (91)Turkish616Men and womenPlasma1.04±0.44*1.02±0.52*0.91±0.37*No difference genotypes between
Kayaalti et al., 2010(94)Turkish114Men and womenKidney tissue (dry)17.2±16.915.3±10.631.9No difference genotypes between

[i] n- sample size; MT2A - metallothionein 2A; AA - typical homozygote; AG - heterozygote; GG - atypical homozygote; SIP - sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); SCC - squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma; §G allele carriers (AG plus GG genotype); † |xgg-1; ↑ - increased concentration; ↓ - decreased concentration

Table 4

Genotype frequencies of the rs1610216 (MT2A −209A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism in humans

EthnicitynStudy populationAAAGGG
Starska et al., 2015130Men and women with SIP73.825.40.8
(80)Polish418Control men and women without head and neck tumours73.925.30.8
Starska et al., 2014Polish323Men and women with laryngeal cancer73.426.00.6
(81)418Control healthy men and women73.925.30.8
Krześlak et al.,Polish534Women with breast cancer76.423.40.2
2014 (82)556Control healthy women72.327.50.2
Forma et al., 2012Polish358Men with prostate cancer71.827.60.6
(87)406Control men without prostate cancer72.027.80.2
142Patients with CAD89.29.41.4
Kozarova 2012 (114et ) al.,Bulgarian101Patients with DM69.728.32.0
61Control healthy volunteers90.50.09.5
100CS patients75.024.01.0
Giacconi et al., 2007 (113)Italian188CS patients without cerebrovascular episodes73.025.02.0
218Control elderly volunteers71.026.03.0
Giacconi et al.,Italian91Men and women with carotid stenosis86.014.00.0
2005 (112)188Control elderly men and women70.226.13.7

[i] n – sample size; AA – typical homozygote; AG – heterozygote; GG – atypical homozygote; SIP – sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); CAD – coronary artery disease; DM – diabetes mellitus; CS – carotid artery stenosis

Table 5

Association between the rs1610216 SNP (MT2A -209A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism and human diseases

Authors and year of publication (reference No.)EthnicitynStudy participantsSample typeFindings
130Men and women with SIPTissue of nasal cavities orNo association between SNP MT2A
Starska et al., 2015 (80)Polish418Control men and women without head and neck tumoursparanasal sinuses-209A/G and SIP
323Men and women with laryngeal cancerTissue of squamous cellNo association between SNPMT24
Starska et al., 2014(81)418Control volunteers (men and women)laryngeal cancer-209A/G and development of laryngeal cancer
Krzeslak et al., 2014(82)Polish534Women with breast cancerWhole bloodNo associations between SNP MT2A
556Control healthy women-209A/G and breast cancer
Forma et al, 2012 (87)Polish358Men with prostate cancerWhole bloodNo association between SNPMT24
406Control men without prostate cancer-209 A/G and prostate cancer
142Patients with CADPositive association between G allele carriers
Kozarova et al., 2012Bulgarian101Patients with DMLeukocytesand DM;
(114)61Control healthy volunteersNo association between SNF MT2A -209 A/G and CAD
100CS patients
Giacconi et al., 2007 (113)Italian188CS patients without cerebrovascular episodesBloodNo association between SNPMT24 -209 A/G and CS or cerebrovascular episodes
218Control elderly volunteers
Giacconi et al., 2005 (112)Italian91Men and women with carotid stenosisWhole bloodNo association between SNF MT2A -209A/G and hypertension; higher risk of
188Control elderly men and womenischaemic cardiomyopathy and hyperglycaemia in AA genotype subjects

[i] n - sample size; AA - typical homozygote; AG - heterozygote; GG - atypical homozygote; MT2A - metallothionein 2A; DM - diabetes mellitus; CAD - coronary artery disease; SIP - sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); CS - carotid artery stenosis

Table 6

Association between the rs1610216 (MT2A -209A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism and element concentrations in humans

EthnicitynStudy participantsSample typeAAAGGGFindings
Zn concentrations (mg/L)
Giacconi et al., 2005 (112)Italian91Patients: elderly men and women with type 2 diabetes and carotid stenosisPlasma0.77±0.150.88±0.18.§↓Zn in AA vs. AG+GG in patients; in AA genotype subjects ↓Zn in patients 188 Control: healthy elderly men and vs. control
188Control: healthy elderly men and vs. control women0.87±0.250.88±0.15.§

[i] n– sample size; MT2A – metallothionein 2A;AA – typical homozygote; AG – heterozygote; GG – atypical homozygote; .§G allele carriers (AG plus GG genotype); ↓ – decreased concentration

Table 7

Genotype frequencies of the rs10636 (MT2A +838G/C) single nucleotide polymorphism in humans

GGGCCC
Yang et al., 2017 (105)Thai677Men and women52.441.66.0
Liu et al., 2017 (100)Chinese459Women with breast cancer52.537.511.8
549Control healthy women52.840.86.4
García et al., 2017Spanish130Men and women with AMD56.936.96.2
(97)96Control healthy men and women67.727.15.2
Fernandes (119) et al., 2016Brazilian221Workers in car battery factories62.032.06.0
Adams et al., 2015US170Premenopausal women54.042.04.0
(104)151Men and women62.034.04.0
130Men and women with SIP44.643.112.3
Starska et al., 2015 (80)Polish418Control men and women without head and neck tumours50.941.27.9
Starska et al., 2014Polish323Men and women with laryngeal cancer45.846.18.1
(81)418Control volunteers (men and women)50.941.27.9
Yang et al., 2014Chinese287Men and women with CHD46.045.38.7
(117)226Control healthy men and women57.136.76.2
Krześlak et al., 2014534Women with breast cancer57.138.44.5
(82)Polish556Control healthy women50.345.54.2
Woods et al., 2013163Boys average age 10 years61.330.78.0
(116)Portuguese167Girls average age 10 years59.933.56.6
Chen et al., 2012 (118)Chinese465Men and women52.339.58.2
Wang et al., 2012 (106)US464Men and women54.136.89.1
Forma et al., 2012Polish358Men with prostate cancer48.943.37.8
(87)406Control men without prostate cancer52.040.08.0
Gundacker 2009 (120) et al.,Austrian180Men and women58.433.38.3
Yang et al., 2008Chinese182Men and women with DM46.742.910.4
(115)196Control volunteers (men and women)42.947.49.70
100CS patients73.022.05.0
Giacconi et al., 2007 (113)Italian188CS patients without cerebrovascular episodes66.030.04.0
218Control elderly volunteers56.037.07.0

[i] n– sample size; MT2A – metallothionein 2A; GG – typical homozygote; GC – heterozygote; CC – atypical homozygote; AMD – age-related macular degeneration; SIP – sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); CHD – coronary heart disease; DM – diabetes mellitus; CS – carotid artery stenosis

Table 8

Association between the rs10636 (MT2A +838G/C) single nucleotide polymorphism and human diseases

Authors and year of publication (reference No.)EthnicitynStudy participantsSample typeFindings
Liu et al., 2017 (100)Chinese459Women with breast cancerWhole bloodSNPMT2A +838 G/C was associated with breast cancer
549Control healthy women
Garcia et al., 2017 (97)Spanish130Men and women with AMDWhole bloodNo association between SNPMT2A +838 G/C and AMD
96Control healthy men and women
Starska et al., 2015 (80)Polish130Men and women with SIPTissue of nasal cavities or paranasal sinusesNo association between SNP MT2A +838G/C and SIP
418Control men and women without head and neck tumours
Starska et al., 2014 (81)Polish323Men and women with laryngeal cancerTissue of squamous cellNo association between SNP MT2A +838G/C
418Control heathy men and womenlaryngeal cancerand development of laryngeal cancer
Yang et al., 2014 (117)Chinese287Men and women with CHDBlood leukocytesSNPMT2A +838G/C was associated with CHD
226Control healthy men and women
Krzeslak et al., 2014 (82)Polish534Women with breast cancerWhole bloodNo associations between SNPMT24 +838G/C and breast cancer
556Control healthy women
Yang et al., 2008 (115)Chinese397Men and women with DMWhole bloodSNPMT24 +838G/C was associated with higher risk for hyperlipidemia and incidence of DM with neuropathy
454Control men and women
Giacconi et al., 2007 (113)Italian100CS patientsBloodSNPMT24 +838G/C promote the progression of carotid artery disease to CS
188CS patients without cerebrovascular episodes
218Control elderly volunteers

[i] n - sample size; MT2A - metallothionein 2A; AMD - age-related macular degeneration; SIP - sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma); CHD - coronary heart disease; DM - diabetesmellitus; CS - carotid artery stenosis

Table 9

Association between the rs10636 (MT2A +838G/O sinslenucleotide nolvmornhism and element concentrations in humans

GGGCCC
Cd concentrations (μg/L)
Adams et al., 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Cd in urine of C allele carriers
Chen et al, 2012 (118)Chinese311Women exposed to CdBlood/ Urine(Graphical illustration)Trends of ↓Cd in blood of C allele carriers in highly polluted area; no difference of Cd in urine
Pb concentrations (μg/L)
Yang et al., 2017 (105)Thai677Men and womenWhole blood116±119121±121124±141No difference between genotypes
Fernandes et al, 2016(119)Brazilian221Workers in car battery factoriesWhole blood(Graphical illustration)C allele carriers ↓Pb in blood
Gundacker et al., 2009 (120)Austrian122Men and womenWhole blood20.221.316.9CC genotype had ↓ Pb in blood
Hg concentrations (μg/Lor μg/kg*)
Woods et al, 2013(116)Portuguese96Boys of avg. age 10 yearsUrine2.17±2.152.16±2.16§No difference between genotypes
Wang et al., 2012 (106)US464Men and womenUrine1.041.041.22No difference between genotypes
473Men and womenHair500*430*570*
Fe concentrations (mg/L)
Giacconi et al., 2007(113)Italian288CS patientsPlasma1.11±0.470.99±0.32§C allele carriers had ↓Fe in plasma
Erythrocytes505±270506±102§
Zn concentrations (mg/L)
Adams et al, 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Zn in urine of C allele carriers
Giacconi et al, 2007 (113)Italian288Patients with CSPlasma0.71±0.170.74±0.15§C allele carriers ↑Zn in erythrocytes
Erythrocytes7.4±2.68.5±2.0§
Cu concentrations (mg/L)
Adams et al, 2015 (104)US321Men and womenUrine(Graphical illustration)↓Cu in urine of C allele carriers
Giacconi et al, 2007 (113)Italian288Patients with CSPlasma1.07±0.29l.ll±0.24§C allele carriers ↑Cu in erythrocytes
Erythrocytes0.52±0.110.56±0.13§

[i] n - sample size; MT2A - metallothionein 2A; GG - typical homozygote; GC - heterozygote; CC - atypical homozygote; CS - carotid artery stenosis;§ C allele carriers (GC plus CC genotype); ↑ - increased concentration; { - decreased concentration

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3349 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 (formerly 0004-1254) | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 27 - 47
Submitted on: Oct 1, 2019
Accepted on: Mar 1, 2020
Published on: Apr 9, 2020
Published by: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
metals and metalloids,
rs28366003,
rs10636,
rs1610216,
single nucleotide polymorphism
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2020 Ankica Sekovanić, Jasna Jurasović, Martina Piasek, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 71 (2020): Issue 1 (March 2020)
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