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Effect of holder pasteurization and storage of donor human milk on Bacillus cereus survival Cover

Effect of holder pasteurization and storage of donor human milk on Bacillus cereus survival

Open Access
|Mar 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Mapping of the HMBs’/home procedures under laboratory conditions 1In situations when sample was pasteurized immediately after collection of DHM; 2,3the most samples were used during first month of storing
Mapping of the HMBs’/home procedures under laboratory conditions 1In situations when sample was pasteurized immediately after collection of DHM; 2,3the most samples were used during first month of storing

Figure 2.

Study design of Bacillus cereus survival1, 2, 3—testing samples (inoculated, pasteurized); 1C, 2C, 3C—control of bacterial viability (inoculated, unpasteurized); 1*, 2*, 3*—pasteurization process control (non-inoculated, pasteurized); 1C*, 2C*, 3C*—(non-inoculated, unpasteurized). 1In situations when sample was pasteurized immediately after collection of DHM
Study design of Bacillus cereus survival1, 2, 3—testing samples (inoculated, pasteurized); 1C, 2C, 3C—control of bacterial viability (inoculated, unpasteurized); 1*, 2*, 3*—pasteurization process control (non-inoculated, pasteurized); 1C*, 2C*, 3C*—(non-inoculated, unpasteurized). 1In situations when sample was pasteurized immediately after collection of DHM

Figure 3.

Gram stain of Bacillus cereus viewed by light microscopyMicroscopic images of human milk before inoculation of Bacillus cereus (A), vegetative cells in Bacillus cereus culture (B), and pasteurized milk inoculated with Bacillus cereus (C); ×1.000 magnification, oil immersion
Gram stain of Bacillus cereus viewed by light microscopyMicroscopic images of human milk before inoculation of Bacillus cereus (A), vegetative cells in Bacillus cereus culture (B), and pasteurized milk inoculated with Bacillus cereus (C); ×1.000 magnification, oil immersion

Figure 4.

The pH level analysis of the inoculated human milkMilk storage at 4 °C after final holder (A), Milk storage at −21 °C after final holder (B). Mean values of 3 readings. 1, 2, 3—testing samples (inoculated, pasteurized samples); 1C, 2C, 3C—control of bacterial viability (inoculated, unpasteurized samples)
The pH level analysis of the inoculated human milkMilk storage at 4 °C after final holder (A), Milk storage at −21 °C after final holder (B). Mean values of 3 readings. 1, 2, 3—testing samples (inoculated, pasteurized samples); 1C, 2C, 3C—control of bacterial viability (inoculated, unpasteurized samples)

Figure 5.

Bacillus cereus growth curves on BHI broth cultures and in donor milk samplesMean values of 3 analyses. BHI—brain heart infusion medium; RT—room temperature; 6.0—BHI 6.0 pH, inoculated; 6.5—BHI pH 6.5, inoculated; 7.0—BHI pH 7.0, inoculated; M—inoculated human milk
Bacillus cereus growth curves on BHI broth cultures and in donor milk samplesMean values of 3 analyses. BHI—brain heart infusion medium; RT—room temperature; 6.0—BHI 6.0 pH, inoculated; 6.5—BHI pH 6.5, inoculated; 7.0—BHI pH 7.0, inoculated; M—inoculated human milk

Viability of Bacillus cereus after processes in the study

PhaseRaw milkEarly pasterurizationInoculated milk1Storage before final pasteurizationFinal pasteurizationFinal storage conditions
−22 °C4 °C
Sample1 wk2 wks3 wks4 wks1 wk2 wks3 wks4 wks
10.000.005.81±0.19Processed immediately after inoculation25.81±0.190.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
1*0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
1C5.53±0.015.53±0.01x3.05±0.210.000.000.005.42±0.020.000.000.00
1C*0.000.00x0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
25.81±0.0824 h at 4 °C5.72±0.030.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
2*0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
2C5.58±0.025.54±0.11x3.14±0.210.000.000.005.25±0.050.000.000.00
2C*0.000.00x0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
35.74±0.477 days at −21 °C2.82±0.130.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
3*0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
3C5.54±0.122.39±0.39x0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
3C*0.000.00x0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
Language: English
Page range: 13 - 21
Submitted on: Jul 18, 2023
Accepted on: Dec 20, 2023
Published on: Mar 14, 2024
Published by: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2024 Kamila Strom, Sylwia Jarzynka, Anna Minkiewicz-Zochniak, Aleksandra Wesolowska, Gabriela Oledzka, published by Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.