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Genetic basis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML): The most common molecular changes in patients with normal karyotype Cover

Genetic basis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML): The most common molecular changes in patients with normal karyotype

Open Access
|Aug 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

“Two-hit model” according to Gilliland [5]
“Two-hit model” according to Gilliland [5]

The most common mutations in the NPM1 gene [15]

NoMutation type/nameDNA sequences: wild-type (black) and mutated (red)
1.No mutation (wt)gatctct-g-gcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
2.Agatctct-gTCTGgcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
3.Bgatctct-gCATGgcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
4.Cgatctct-gCGTGgcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
5.Dgatctct-gCCTGgcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
6.Egatctct-g-gcagtCTCTTGCCC-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
7.Fgatctct-g-gcagtCCCTGGAGA-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
8.Ggatctct-g-gcagtGCTTCGCC-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
9.Hgatctct-g-gcagtGTTTTTCAA-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
10.Jgatctct-g-gcagtCTCTTTCTA-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
11.LgatctctCCCGg-gcagt--aagtctctttaagaaaatag
12.Kgatctct-g-gcagtCCCTTTCCA-aagtctctttaagaaaatag
13.Mgatctct-gTAGCgcagt-ggaggaagtctctttaagaaaatag
14.Ngatctct-gCCACgcagt-ggaggTCTCTTTaagaaaatag

Risk stratification of AML according to ELN [7]

Risk categoryGenetic abnormality
Favorable
  • t(8;21)(q22;q22) RUNX1-RUNX1T1,

  • inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22) CBFB-MYH11,

  • mutated NPM1 without FLT3-ITD or with low allelic ratio FLT3-ITD (VAF<0,5),

  • biallelic mutated CEBPA.

Intermediate
  • t(9;11)(p21;q23) MLLT3-KMT2A,

  • cytogenetic abnormalities not classified as favorable or adverse,

  • mutated NPM1 with high allelic ratio FLT3-ITD (VAF>0,5),

  • wild type NPM1 without FLT3-ITD or with low allelic ratio FLT3-ITD,

Adverse
  • t(6;9)(p23;q34) DEK-NUP214,

  • t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A rearranged,

  • t(9;22)(q34;q11) BCR-ABL1,

  • inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM rearranged,

  • −5 or del(5q); −7; −17 or del(17p),

  • complex or monosomal karyotype,

  • wild type NPM1 with high allelic ratio FLT3-ITD (VAF>0,5),

  • mutated RUNX1, TP53 or ASXL1.

Language: English
Page range: 339 - 344
Submitted on: Nov 4, 2021
Accepted on: Mar 28, 2022
Published on: Aug 9, 2022
Published by: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2022 Karolina Matiakowska-Bryk, Alicja Bartoszewska-Kubiak, Olga Haus, published by Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.