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Formulation of stimuli-responsive gels containing silver complex with nicotinamide Cover

Formulation of stimuli-responsive gels containing silver complex with nicotinamide

Open Access
|Aug 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Dissolution profile of methylene blue.
Dissolution profile of methylene blue.

Figure 2.

Dissolution profile of PMSA AgNam.
Dissolution profile of PMSA AgNam.

Figure 3.

Antibacterial activity of PMSA AgNam. n = 3 ± SD. A, B, C represent statistically significant differences in the efficacy of tested samples. Values marked with the same letter are not significantly different from each other. Statistically significant differences are marked as follows: * for p < 0.05; ** for p < 0.01; *** for p < 0.001. The same significance applies for swab 1 and 2 for all pairs.
Antibacterial activity of PMSA AgNam. n = 3 ± SD. A, B, C represent statistically significant differences in the efficacy of tested samples. Values marked with the same letter are not significantly different from each other. Statistically significant differences are marked as follows: * for p < 0.05; ** for p < 0.01; *** for p < 0.001. The same significance applies for swab 1 and 2 for all pairs.

Figure 4.

Inhibition zones for Streptococcus pyogenes.
Inhibition zones for Streptococcus pyogenes.

Appearance and injectability of sols and gels_

FormulationAppearanceInjectability (needle diameter)
SolGel0.5 mm0.6 mm0.7 mm0.8 mm
PMSA 0.2+++++++++++
PMSA 0.3++++++++++
PMSA 0.4++++++++++++
PMSA 0.5++++++++++++
PMSA 0.6+++++++++++
PMSA 0.7+++++++++
PMSA 0.8+++++++++
PSA+++++
PMSA+++++
MSA+++++
SA+++++
PMSA AgNam+++

pH and critical sol–gel transition temperature of the formulations_

FormulationpH ± SD (n = 3)Tsg (°C) ± SD (n=3)
PMSA 0.26.78 ± 0.00-
PMSA 0.36.72 ± 0.00-
PMSA 0.46.70 ± 0.0034.10 ± 0.28
PMSA 0.56.68 ± 0.0133.36 ± 0.13
PMSA 0.66.64 ± 0.0032.66 ± 0.17
PMSA 0.76.61 ± 0.0033.60 ± 0.08
PMSA 0.86.60 ± 0.0131.50 ± 0.36
PSA6.16 ± 0.02-
PMSA6.26 ± 0.00-
MSA5.84 ± 0.00-
SA5.75 ± 0.01-
PMSA AgNAM5.61± 0.02-

Composition of formulations_

FormulationPF127 (% w/w)MC (% w/w)SA (% w/w)AgNam (% w/w)
PMSA 0.215.000.250.20-
PMSA 0.315.000.250.30-
PMSA 0.415.000.250.40-
PMSA 0.515.000.250.50-
PMSA 0.615.000.250.60-
PMSA 0.715.000.250.70-
PMSA 0.815.000.250.80-
PSA15.00-4.00-
PMSA15.000.254.00-
MSA-0.254.00-
SA--4.00-
PMSA AgNam15.000.254.001.00
Language: English
Page range: 47 - 53
Submitted on: Jun 9, 2025
Accepted on: Jul 8, 2025
Published on: Aug 31, 2025
Published by: Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
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© 2025 Wolaschka Tomáš, Rohaľová Simona, Průšová Ivana, Hisirová Simona, Mudroňová Dagmar, Vargová Zuzana, published by Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.