| Methyl cellulose (MC) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, carvedilol, omeprazole, nebivolol | Propylene glycol, PEG-400 |
| Ethyl cellulose (EC) | Allantoin, fluticasone propionate, propranolol hydrochloride, ketorolac tromethamine, resveratrol, propranolol hydrochloride & nifedipine | PEG-400, triethyl citrate, propylene glycol, PEG-800, PEG-600, castor oil, glycerol, dibutylphthalate |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, carvedilol, omeprazole, allantoin, fluticasone propionate, propranolol hydrochloride, ketorolac tromethamine, enalapril maleate, glibenclamide, cetirizine dihydrochloride, glimepiride, nitrendipine, clotrimazole, lidocaine hydrochloride, ibuprofen, ondansetron hydrochloride, meloxicam, prednisolone, rizatriptan benzoate, lycopene, risedronate sodium, clinidipine, furosemide, domperidone, catechin, lidocaine hydrochloride & benzydamine hydrochloride & N-acetyl-l-cysteine, nebivolol, nicotine, piroxicam | Propylene glycol, PEG-400, triethyl citrate, PEG-800, PEG-600, castor oil glycerol, PEG-3350, triethanolamine, sorbitol, PEG-200 |
| Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) | Ketorolac tromethamine, resveratrol, nitrendipine, clotrimazole, lidocaine hydrochloride, diltiazem hydrochloride, indomethacin, lycopene | Propylene glycol, PEG-400, glycerol, PEG-3350 |
| Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, allantoin, propranolol hydrochloride, meloxicam, moxifloxacin hydrochloride & clove oil, acyclovir, hyaluronic acid, nebivolol | PEG-400, triethyl citrate, PEG-600, castor oil, glycerol propylene glycol |
| Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, SCMC) | Allantoin, fluticasone propionate, ketorolac tromethamine, enalapril maleate, nitrendipine, ibuprofen, meloxicam, diltiazem hydrochloride, lysozyme, rizatriptan benzoate, ciprofloxacin, glipizide, carvedilol, lycopene, lidocaine hydrochloride & benzydamine hydrochloride & N-acetyl-L-cysteine, simvastatin, lysozyme & epidermal growth factor, imiquimod | PEG-400, triethyl citrate, propylene glycol, PEG-800, glycerol, triethanolamine, sorbitol |
| Xyloglucan (XYL) | Rizatriptan benzoate | Glycerol |
| Polycarbophil (PCP) | Lidocaine hydrochloride, ibuprofen | Glycerol, PEG-3350, triethanolamine, propylene glycol |
| Polyethylene oxide (PEO) | Lidocaine hydrochloride, streptomycin & diclofenac, rizatriptan benzoate, domperidone | PEG-3350, glycerol |
| Poloxamer (POL) | Glimepiride, ibuprofen, methylene blue | Propylene glycol, PEG-600, glycerol |
| Polyacrylic acid (PAA) | Carvedilol, fluticasone propionate, ketorolac, tromethamine, glimepiride, nitrendipine, clotrimazole, ibuprofen, rizatriptan benzoate, atenolol, prednisolone, lycopene, piroxicam, glipizide | Propylene glycol, PEG-800, glycerol, triethanolamine, PEG-400 |
| Polymethacrylic acid (PMA) | Carvedilol, glibenclamide, glimepiride, clotrimazole, ibuprofen, acyclovir, penciclovir, almotriptan, prednisolone, glipizide, rizatriptan benzoate | Propylene glycol, triethanolamine, PEG-400, PEG-200 |
| Chitosan (CHT) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, fluticasone propionate, propranolol hydrochloride & nifedipine, propranolol hydrochloride, ondansetron hydrochloride, tenoxicam, tramadol, progesterone, insulin, lidocaine hydrochloride, clotrimazole, paracetamol, metronidazole, miconazole nitrate, risedronate sodium, lidocaine hydrochloride & benzydamine hydrochloride & N-acetyl-l-cysteine, ropinirole hydrochloride, piroxicam | Propylene glycol, PEG-800, glycerol, dibutylphthalate, PEG-400, sorbitol |
| Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, nitrendipine, meloxicam, methylene blue, benznidazole, dexamethasone, paracetamol, rizatriptan benzoate, carvedilol, propranolol hydrochloride, allantoin, propranolol | Glycerol, PEG-400, propylene glycol, sorbitol, triethyl citrate, PEG-600, castor oil |
| Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) | Hydrochloride, ketorolac tromethamine, enalapril maleate, nitrendipine, ibuprofen, methylene blue, penciclovir, ondansetron hydrochloride, tenoxicam, tramadol, progesterone, lysine clonixinate, carvedilol, lycopene, simvastatin, ropinirole hydrochloride, epidermal growth factor & lysozyme | Glycerol, triethanolamine, propylene glycol |
| Gelatin (GEL) | Ondansetron hydrochloride, lysozyme, progesterone, propranolol hydrochloride, lidocaine hydrochloride | Glycerol |
| Sodium alginate (SA) | Cetylpyridinium chloride, omeprazole, cetirizine dihydrochloride, nitrendipine, ciprofloxacin, atenolol, nicotine, carvedilol, lycopene | PEG-400, glycerol, propylene glycol |
| Gellan gum (GLG) | Moxifloxacin hydrochloride & clove oil, triamcinolone, acetonide, fluconazole | Glycerol, propylene glycol |
| Guar gum (GUG) | Lysine clonixinate, zolmitriptan succinate, α-casozepine | Propylene glycol, glycerol |
| Xanthan gum (XG) | Domperidone | Not stated |
| Carrageenan (CRG) | Omeprazole, streptomycin & diclofenac, ibuprofen, miconazole nitrate | PEG-400, glycerol, PEG-600, propylene glycol |
| Pectin (PCT) | Meloxicam, clotrimazole, paracetamol, metronidazole, triamcinolone acetonide | PEG-400, glycerol propylene glycol |
| Hyaluronic acid (HA) | Ondansetron hydrochloride, hyaluronic acid, benzydamine hydrochloride | PEG-400, glycerol |
| Rice starch (RS) | Lidocaine hydrochloride, diclofenac sodium, paracetamol | Glycerol, PEG-400, propylene glycol, sorbitol |
| Tapioca starch (TS) | Lidocaine hydrochloride | Glycerol |
| Arrowroot starch (AS) | Glipizide | Glycerol |
| Agarose (AGR) | Zolmitriptan succinate | Glycerol |
| Pullulan (PLL) | Enalapril maleate, yonkenafil, methylene blue | Glycerol, propylene glycol |
| Maltodextrin (MAL) | Methylene blue | Propylene glycol |
