Table 1
Comparison of IVTech, in vitro and in vivo testing.
| In vitro | In vivo | IVTech (advanced cell culture systems) |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of human complexity | Ethically controversial | Human organ environment simulation |
| Lack of side effects tests | Time ineffective | Multi-organ models |
| Lack of geometrical complexity | Expensive (2–30 times more than in vitro) | 3D and dynamic cell cultures |
| Cells cultivated in static conditions | No high-throughput monitoring | Real time monitoring |
Figure 1
LiveFlow system scheme. Blue and green – LiveBox with samples, parallel circuits of medium, Red – controls, series circuit of medium.
Figure 2
Scheme of dynamic cultivation using LiveFlow (IVTech). LiveBox with adherent cell line on the glass slide inside, reservoir with cultivation medium and LiveFlow ensuring continual flow of the medium.
Figure 3
Distribution of actin filaments in Hepa1c1c7 cells incubated with MHGF-68 after dynamic cultivation.
Hepa1c1c7 cells were incubated with MHGF-68. After 0, 24 and 72 h, the cells were fixed and labeled with Alexa Fluor 555 phalloidin. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. The intracelular distribution of actin filamets (green) and nuclei (blue) were imaged by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (Leica TCS SP8 AOBS) with HC PL APO CS2 63×/1.40 OIL lens.
A Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 0 h cultivation B Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 24 h cultivation C Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 72 h cultivation D Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 0 h cultivation E Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 24 h cultivation F Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 72 h cultivation
Figure 4
Distribution of actin filaments in Hepa1c1c7 cells incubated with MHGF-68 after static cultivation.
Hepa1c1c7 cells were incubated with MHGF-68. After 0, 24 and 72 h, the cells were fixed and labeled with Alexa Fluor 555 phalloidin.
Nuclei were stained with DAPI. The intracelular distribution of actin filamets (green) and nuclei (blue) were imaged by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (Leica TCS SP8 AOBS) with HC PL APO CS2 63×/1.40 OIL lens. A Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 0 h cultivation B Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 24 h cultivation C Hepa1c1c7 untreated, 72 h cultivation D Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 0 h cultivation E Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 24 h cultivation F Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, 72 h cultivation
Figure 5
Distribution of actin filaments in Hepa1c1c7 cells incubated 72 h with MHGF-68 after static and dynamic cultivation.
Hepa1c1c7 cells were incubated with MHGF-68. After 72 h, the cells were fixed and labeled with Alexa Fluor 555 phalloidin. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. The intracelular distribution of actin filamets (green) and nuclei (blue) were imaged by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (Leica TCS SP8 AOBS) with HC PL APO CS2 63×/1.40 OIL lens.
A Hepa1c1c7 untreated, static cultivation B Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, static cultivation C Hepa1c1c7 untreated, dynamic cultivation D Hepa1c1c7 + MHGF-68, dynamic cultivation