References
- Sun M., Ling Z., Mao J., Zeng X., Yuan D., Liu M.: Ammonia-Based Clean Energy Systems: A Review of Recent Progress and Key Challenges. Energies 18 (2025), 2845. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112845
- Abolore R.S., Jaiswal S., Jaiswal A.K.: Green and sustainable pretreatment methods for cellulose extraction from lignocellulosic biomass and its applications: A review. Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications 7 (2024), 100396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100396.
- Gouda A., Merhi N., Hmadeh M., Cecchi T., Santato C., Sain M.: Sustainable strategies for converting organic, electronic, and plastic waste from municipal solid waste into functional materials. Global Challenges 9 (2025), 2400240. https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.20240024
- Angelakis, A. N., Passchier, C. W., Valipour, M., Krasilnikoff, J. A., Tzanakakis, V. A., Ahmed, A. T., Baba, A., Kumar, R., Bilgic, E., Capodaglio, A. G., & Dercas, N. (2023). Evolution of Tunneling Hydro-Technology: From Ancient Times to Present and Future. Hydrology, 10(9), (2023), 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10090190
- Farh H.M.H., Ben Seghier M.E.A., Zayed T.: A comprehensive review of corrosion protection and control techniques for metallic pipelines. Engineering Failure Analysis 143 (2023), 106885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106885.
- Velasco D.C.R., Gonçalves V.P.D., Oliveira M.P., Simonassi N.T., Lopes F.P.D., Vieira C.M.F.: Industrial piping system: Design and corrosion protection. Surfaces 8 (2025), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8010018.
- Waqar M., Memon A.M., Sabih M., Alhems L.M.: Composite pipelines: Analyzing defects and advancements in non-destructive testing techniques. Engineering Failure Analysis 157 (2024), 107914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107914
- Ali S., Wang X., Rasool G., Ali A., Ali R., ur-Rehman N., Razzaq I.: Theoretical study of the optical and thermodynamic properties of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) with high pressures at elevated temperatures. Modern Physics Letters B 39 (2025), 2350104. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217984925501040.
- Ruys A.: Alumina as a wear-resistant industrial ceramic. In: Ruys A. (Ed.), Alumina Ceramics, Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials, Woodhead Publishing (2019), 369–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102442-3.00012-9.
- Abyzov A.M.: Aluminum Oxide and Alumina Ceramics (review). Part 1. Properties of Al₂O₃ and Commercial Production of Dispersed Al₂O₃. Refractories and Industrial Ceramics 60 (2019), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11148-019-00304-2
- [11] Sun Y., Li S., Zhao Q., Cong Z., Xia Y., Jiao X., et al.: Recent Advancements in Alumina-Based High-Temperature Insulating Materials: Properties, Applications, and Future Perspectives. High-Temperature Materials 2 (2025), 10001. 10.70322/htm.2025.10001
- Mohammed A.A., Khodair Z.T., Khadom A.A.: Preparation, characterization and application of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles for the protection of boiler steel tubes from high temperature corrosion. Ceramics International 46 (2020), 26945–26955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.172
- Smallman R.E., Bishop R.J.: Ceramics and glasses. Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, R.E. Smallman, R.J. Bishop, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1999, 320–350.
- Baudín C.: Alumina, Structure and Properties. Encyclopedia of Materials: Technical Ceramics and Glasses, M. Pomeroy, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2021, 25–46.
- Metson J.: Production of alumina. Fundamentals of Aluminium Metallurgy, R. Lumley, Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, 2011, 23–48.
- Hutsaylyuk V., Student M., Posuvailo V., Student O., Hvozdetskyi V., Maruschak P., Zakiev V.: The role of hydrogen in the formation of oxide-ceramic layers on aluminum alloys during their plasma-electrolytic oxidation. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 14 (2021), 1682–1696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.07.082.
- Hutsaylyuk V., Student M., Posuvailo V., Student O., Sirak Y., Hvozdetskyi V., Maruschak P., Veselivska H.: The properties of oxide-ceramic layers with Cu and Ni inclusions synthesizing by PEO method on top of the gas-spraying coatings on aluminium alloys. Vacuum 179 (2020), 109514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2020.109514.
- Zygmuntowicz J., Wiecińska P., Miazga A., Konopka K., Szafran M., Kaszuwara W.: Thermoanalytical studies of the ceramic-metal composites obtained by gel-centrifugal casting. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 133 (2018), 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6647-z
- Ruys A.: Processing, structure, and properties of alumina ceramics. In: Ruys A. (Ed.), Alumina Ceramics, Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials, Woodhead Publishing (2019), 71–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102442-3.00004-X.
- Piza M.M.T., Bergamo E.T.P., Campos T.M.B., Carvalho L.F., Goulart C.A., Gutierres E., Lopes A.C.O., Jalkh E.B.B., Bonfante E.A.: Alumina-toughened zirconia nanocomposite: Aging effect on microstructural, optical, and mechanical properties. Dental Materials 39 (2023), 1022–1031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.005.
- Gogotsi G.A.: Fracture toughness of ceramics and ceramic composites. Ceramics International 29 (2003), 777–784. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-8842(02)00230-4
- Rashid A.B., Haque M., Islam S.M.M., Labib U., Rafi K.M., Chowdhury P.: Breaking Boundaries with Ceramic Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Overview of Materials, Manufacturing Techniques, Transformative Applications, Recent Advancements, and Future Prospects. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering (2024), 2112358. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2112358
- Kota N., Charan M.S., Laha T., Roy S.: Review on development of metal/ceramic interpenetrating phase composites and critical analysis of their properties. Ceramics International 48 (2022), 1451–1483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.09.232
- Faber K.T.: Ceramics: Microstructural Toughening (Excluding Transformation Toughening, Whisker Toughening, and Continuous Fiber Toughening). Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, K.H.J. Buschow et al., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001, 1108–1112.
- Van Mier J.G.M.: Concrete: Failure Mechanics. Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, K.H.J. Buschow et al., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001, 1479–1482.
- Silva R.F., Coelho P.G., Gustavo C.V., Almeida C.J., Farias F.W.C., Duarte V.R., Xavier J., Esteves M.B., Conde F.M., Cunha F.G., et al.: Functionally graded materials and structures: Unified approach by optimal design, metal additive manufacturing, and image-based characterization. Materials 17 (2024), 4545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184545.
- Aboudi J., Pindera M.-J., Arnold S.M.: Higher-order theory for functionally graded materials. Composites Part B: Engineering 30 (1999), 777–832. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-8368(99)00053-0.
- Li Y., Feng Z., Hao L., Huang L., Xin C., Wang Y., Bilotti E., Essa K., Zhang H., Li Z., Yan F., Peijs T.: A review on functionally graded materials and structures via additive manufacturing: From multi-scale design to versatile functional properties. Advanced Materials Technologies 5 (2020), 1900981. https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201900981.
- Saleh B., Jiang J., Fathi R., Al-hababi T., Xu Q., Wang L., Song D., Ma A.: 30 Years of functionally graded materials: An overview of manufacturing methods, applications and future challenges. Composites Part B: Engineering 201 (2020), 108376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108376.
- Sharma N.K., Bhandari M.: Applications of functionally graded materials (FGMs). International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) 2 (2014), 2.
- Silva R.F., Coelho P.G., Gustavo C.V., Almeida C.J., Farias F.W.C., Duarte V.R., Xavier J., Esteves M.B., Conde F.M., Cunha F.G., Santos T.G.: Functionally Graded Materials and Structures: Unified Approach by Optimal Design, Metal Additive Manufacturing, and Image-Based Characterization. Materials 17 (2024), 4545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184545
- Mohammadi M., Rajabi M., Ghadiri M.: Functionally graded materials (FGMs): A review of classifications, fabrication methods and their applications. Processing and Application of Ceramics 15 (2021), 319–343. 10.2298/PAC2104319M
- Zygmuntowicz J., Wiecińska P., Miazga A., Konopka K., Kaszuwara W.: Al₂O₃/Ni functionally graded materials (FGM) obtained by centrifugal-slip casting method. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 130 (2017), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6232-5
- Kausar A.: Progress in Polymer Nanocomposites for High-Performance Applications. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 62 (2023), 453–472.
- EN 623–2: Advanced technical ceramics – Determination of density and porosity, 1993.
- Kurzydłowski K.J., Ralph B.: The Quantitative Description of the Microstructure of Materials. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995.
- Wejrzanowski T., Spychalski W., Rożniatowski K., Kurzydłowski K.J.: Image based analysis of complex microstructures of engineering materials. International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 18 (2008), 33–39. 10.2478/v10006-008-0003-1
- Michalski J., Wejrzanowski T., Pielaszek R., Konopka K., Łojkowski W., Kurzydłowski K.J.: Application of image analysis for characterization of powders. Materials Science-Poland 23 (2005), 79–86.
- Wejrzanowski T., Kurzydłowski K.J.: Stereology of grains in nano-crystals. Solid State Phenomena 94 (2003), 221–228. 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.94.221
- Pietrzak E., Wiecińska P., Szafran M.: 2-carboxyethyl acrylate as a new monomer preventing negative effect of oxygen inhibition in gelcasting of alumina. Ceramics International 42 (2016), 13682–13688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.05.166
- Zygmuntowicz, J., Kosiorek, M., Piotrkiewicz, P., Wachowski, M., Szachogłuchowicz, I., Kaszuwara, W., Konopka, K., Falkowski, P., & Piątek, M.: Gradient composites Al₂O₃–Ni obtained via the CSC technique in a magnetic field. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. Advance 1008 (2024), 176532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.176532.
- González C., Segurado J., Llorca J.: Numerical simulation of elasto-plastic deformation of composites: evolution of stress microfields and implications for homogenization models, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 52, 7, (2004), 1573-1593, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2004.01.002.
- Wu, H., Xu, W., Shan, D., Wang, X., Guo, B., Jin, B.C.: Micromechanical modeling of damage evolution and fracture behavior in particle reinforced metal matrix composites based- on the conventional theory of mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 22, (2023) 625–641.
- Périé J.-N., Passieux J.-Ch.: Advances in Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Applied Sciences, 2020. 10.3390/books978-3-03928-515-0!!!x002E;