Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Characterization of EN-AW-6061-O–Graphite Nanoflake Composites for Enhanced Mechanical Properties Using Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processing Cover

Characterization of EN-AW-6061-O–Graphite Nanoflake Composites for Enhanced Mechanical Properties Using Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processing

Advances in Materials Science
Volume 25 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)
By: Namdev Ashok Patil,  Srinivasa Rao Pedapati,  Shrishail Kakkeri and  Santoshi Pedapati  
Open Access
|Sep 2025

References

  1. Satyanarayana, M. V., Adepu, K., & Chauhan, K. (2021). Effect of Overlapping Friction Stir Processing on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of AA6061 Alloy. Metals and Materials International, 27, 3563–3573.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  2. Ramesh, C. S., Ahmed, R. N., Mujeebu, M. A., & Abdullah, M. Z. (2009). Development and performance analysis of novel cast copper–SiC–Gr hybrid composites. Materials & Design, 30(6), 1957-1965.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  3. Ravi, N., Sastikumar, D., Subramanian, N., Nath, A. K., & Masilamani, V. (2000). Microhardness and microstructure studies on laser surface alloyed aluminum alloy with Ni-Cr. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 15(3), 395-404.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  4. Salehi, M., Saadatmand, M., & Mohandesi, J. A. (2012). Optimization of process parameters for producing AA6061/SiC nanocomposites by friction stir processing. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 22(5), 1055-1063.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  5. Asadi, P., Faraji, G., Masoumi, A., & Givi, M. B. (2011). Experimental investigation of magnesium-base nanocomposite produced by friction stir processing: effects of particle types and number of friction stir processing passes. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 42(9), 2820-2832.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  6. Mishra, R. S., & Ma, Z. Y. (2005). Friction stir welding and processing. Materials science and engineering: R: reports, 50(1-2), 1-78.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  7. Omrani, E., Moghadam, A. D., Menezes, P. L., & Rohatgi, P. K. (2016). Influences of graphite reinforcement on the tribological properties of self-lubricating aluminum matrix composites for green tribology, sustainability, and energy efficiency—a review. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 83, 325–346.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  8. Mishra, R. S., Ma, Z. Y., & Charit, I. (2003). Friction stir processing: a novel technique for fabrication of surface composite. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 341(1-2), 307-310.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  9. Seeman, M., Ganesan, G., Karthikeyan, R., Velayudham, A. (2010). Study on tool wear and surface roughness in machining of particulate aluminum metal matrix composite response surface methodology approach. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 48(5–8), 613–624.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  10. Kumar, A. (2020). Optimization of process parameter for AA6061 alloy during friction stir processing. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46(19), 9164-9167.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  11. Rajeshkumar, R., Udhayabanu, V., Srinivasan, A., & Ravi, K. R. (2017). Microstructural evolution in ultrafine grained Al-Graphite composite synthesized via combined use of ultrasonic treatment and friction stir processing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 726, 358-366.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  12. Sharma, A., Sharma, V. M., Mewar, S., Pal, S. K., & Paul, J. (2018). Friction stir processing of Al6061-SiC-graphite hybrid surface composites. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 33(7), 795-804.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  13. Liu, F. C., & Ma, Z. Y. (2008). Low-temperature superplasticity of friction stir processed Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy. Scripta Materialia, 58(8), 667-670.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  14. Nakata, K., Kim, Y. G., Fujii, H., Tsumura, T., & Komazaki, T. (2006). Improvement of mechanical properties of aluminum die casting alloy by multi-pass friction stir processing. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 437(2), 274-280.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  15. Johannes, L.B., Mishra, R.S. (2007). Multiple passes of friction stir processing for the creation of superplastic 7075 aluminum. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 464, 255–260.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  16. Pickens, J.R., (1990). ASM Handbook, High-Strength Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloys. Properties and selection: nonferrous alloys and special-purpose materials. 2, 200 – 215. ISBN 978-0-87170-378-1.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  17. Milyani, A. H., Mosleh, A. O., & Moustafa, E. B. (2024). Effect of Hybrid Addition of Boron Nitride and Vanadium Carbide on Microstructure, Tribological, and Mechanical Properties of the AA6061 Al-Based Composites Fabricated by FSP. Journal of Composites Science, 8(12), 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8120500.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  18. Molla Ramezani, N., Davoodi, B., (2024). Evaluating the influence of various friction stir processing strategies on surface integrity of hybrid nanocomposite Al6061. Scientific Report, 14, 8056. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58714-3.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  19. Desai, V., Badheka, V., Zala, A.B., Parekh, T., Jamnapara, N.I., (2024). Fabrication of Al6061/Ti3AlC2 MAX phase surface composite by friction stir processing and investigation of wear properties. Tribology International, 195, 109594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2024.109594.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  20. Caizhi, S., Hui, L., Feng, W., Xudong, H., Wei H., Volodymyr, S., (2024). Study on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrB2/AA6111 Particle-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing and Heat Treatment. International Journal of Metalcasting, 18, 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01029-2.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  21. Gowda, Y., Haseebuddin, B.N., Bhaskar Pal, M.R., Keshavamurthy, R., (2021). Mechanical and wear behaviour of graphite nano filler reinforced Al 6061 composites. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46(10), 4504-4509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.690
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  22. Awate, P.P., Barve, S.B., (2022). Enhanced microstructure and mechanical properties of Al6061 alloy via graphene nanoplates reinforcement fabricated by stir casting. Functional Composites and Structures, 4, 015005. DOI 10.1088/2631-6331/ac586d
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  23. Gobiraman, A., Nasrudeen, K., Sankaran, P., (2024). Investigation on the Mechanical Property and Wear Characteristics of Aluminium-6061 Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Graphene-Nanoplatelets by Stir Casting. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 105, 1147–1163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-024-01085-5.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  24. Soustani, M. F., Taghiabadi, R., Jafarzadegan, M., & Farahani, M. V. (2019). Effect of multi-pass friction stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Al-7Fe-5Ni alloy. Materials Research Express, 6(10), 106571.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  25. Dinaharan, I. (2016). Influence of ceramic particulate type on microstructure and tensile strength of aluminum matrix composites produced using friction stir processing. Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 4(2), 209-218.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  26. Marini, C. D., Fatchurrohman, N., (2018). Microstructure and hardness performance of AA6061 aluminium composite using friction stir processing. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 342(1), 012077.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  27. Patil, N.A., Nasir, M.K.B.S., Pedapati, S.R., Mamat, O.B., (2021). Effect of graphite exfoliation through multipass friction stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium 7075-silicon carbide-graphite composites, Materials Science and Engineering Technology, 52(10), 1080-1089. https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.202000299.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  28. Chen, G., Chang, H., Sun, J., Wang, B., Yang, L., Zhang, J., Tang, W., (2020) Microstructures and Properties of Graphite Nanoflake/6061Al Matrix Composites Fabricated via Spark Plasma Sintering, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 29, 1235–1244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-04676-2
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  29. Rajeshkumar, R., Udhayabanu, V., Srinivasan, A., & Ravi, K. R. (2017). Microstructural evolution in ultrafine grained Al-Graphite composite synthesized via combined use of ultrasonic treatment and friction stir processing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 726, 358-366.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2025-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2083-4799 | Journal ISSN: 1730-2439
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 5 - 17
Submitted on: Jan 16, 2025
Accepted on: Jul 7, 2025
Published on: Sep 26, 2025
Published by: Gdansk University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Friction Stir Processing,
composites,
aluminum,
graphite
Related subjects:
Materials sciences,
Functional and smart materials

© 2025 Namdev Ashok Patil, Srinivasa Rao Pedapati, Shrishail Kakkeri, Santoshi Pedapati, published by Gdansk University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 25 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)Next article