Changes in the Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Goat Blood During the First Third of the Lactation Period
References
- Herdt TH, Hoff B: The use of blood analysis to evaluate trace mineral status in ruminant livestock. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2011, 27:255-283.
- Antunović Z, Mioč B, Klir Šalavardić Ž, Širić I, Držaić V, Đidara M, Novoselec, J: The effect of lactation stage on the hematological and serum-related biochemical parameters of the Travnik Pramenka ewes. Poljoprivreda 2021, 27(2):56-62.
- Antunović Z, Mioč B, Klir Šalavardić Ž, Širić I, Držaić V, Šerić V, Mandić S, Novoselec J: The changes in the blood’s acid-base balance of the Lacaune Sheep during different lactation stages. Poljoprivreda 2022, 28(2):58-65.
- Giannetto C, Fazio F, Nava V, Arfuso F, Piccione G, Coelho C, Gugliandolo E, Licata P: Data on multiple regression analysis between boron, nickel, arsenic, antimony, and biological substrates in horses: the role of hematological biomarkers. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022, 36(2):e22955.
- Maftouh A, El Fatni O, Ben Moussa A, Boukir F, Noor us Subha W: Heavy metals in the ecosystem; sources and their effects. In: Kumar, N. (ed) Heavy metal remediation. Earth and Environmental Sciences Library Springer, Cham 2024, 27-44.
- Kovacik A, Arvay J, Tusimova E, Harangozo L, Tvrda E, Zbynovska K, Cupka P, Andrascikova S, Tomas J, Massanyi P: Seasonal variations in the blood concentration of selected heavy metals in sheep and their effects on the biochemical and hematological parameters. Chemosphere 2017, 168:365-371.
- Tajkarimi M, Faghih M, Poursoltani H, Salah Nejad A, Motallebi AA, Mahdavi H: Lead residues levels in raw milk from different regions of Iran. Food Control 2008, 19:495-498.
- Stanovic R, Arvay J, Hauptvogl M, Tomas J, Kovacik A, Zahorcova Z, Slavik M: Determination of heavy metals concentration in raw sheep milk from mercury polluted area. Potravinarstvo 2016, 10:95-99.
- Minkina TM, Mandzhieva SS, Burachevskaya MV, Bauer TV, Sushkova SN: Method of determining loosely bound compounds of heavy metals in the soil. Methods X 2018, 5:217–226.
- Su C, Gao Y, Qu X, Zhou X, Yang X, Huang S, Han L, Zheng N, Wang J: The occurrence, pathways, and risk assessment of heavy metals in raw milk from industrial areas in China. Toxics 2021, 9:320.
- Zhou X, Zheng N, Su C, Wang J, Soyeurt H: Relationships between Pb, As, Cr, and Cd in individual cows’ milk and milk composition and heavy metal contents in water, silage, and soil. Environ Pollut 2019, 255(2):113322.
- Khan ZI, Ahmad K, Siddique S, Ahmad T, Bashir H, Munir M, Mahpara S, Malik IS, Wajid K, Ugulu I, Nadeem M, Noorka IR, Chen F: A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environ. Sci Pollut Res 2020, 27:26694–26701.
- IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of carcinogenic Risks to humans: Arsenic, Metals, fibres, and dusts. A Review of Human Carcinogens, 100C, IARC, Lyon, France, 2012.
- Durak MH, Gürsel FE, Akış I, Gürgöze S: Investigation of serum trace element levels in sheep in Diyarbakır Province and districts. Indian J Anim Res 2024, 58(1):61-65.
- Shukla N, Dubey A, Verma Y, Khare A, Swamy M: Nickel as an emerging environmental pollutant in goats. J Entomol Z 2020, 8(5):216-219.
- Bradl HB: Heavy metals in the environment, Elsevier Academic Press. First Edition, Netherlands, 2005.
- Doğan E, Fazio F, Aragona F, Nava V, De Caro S, Zumbo A: Toxic element (As, Cd, Pb and Hg) biodistribution and blood biomarkers in Barbaresca sheep raised in Sicily: One Health preliminary study. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2024, 31:43903–43912.
- Szyczewski P, Siepak J, Niedzielski P, Sobczyński T: Research on heavy metals in Poland. J Environ Stud 2009, 18(5):755-768.
- Gupta AR, Bandyopadhyay S, Sultana F, Swarup D: Heavy metal poisoning and its impact on livestock health and production system. Indian J Anim Health 2021, 60(2):1-23.
- Oraby MI, Baraka TA, Salem NY, Rakha GH: Lead and cadmium have an impact on oxidative stress, rumen and blood serum constituents in grazing Nubian goats. 2023, available at: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3272275/v1
- Balali-Mood M, Naseri K, Tahergorabi Z, Khazdair MR. Sadeghi, M: Toxic mechanisms of five heavy metals: mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic. Front Pharmacol 2021, 12:643972.
- Paithankar JG, Saini S, Dwivedi S, Sharma A, Chowdhuri DK: Heavy metal associated health hazards: An interplay of oxidative stress and signal transduction. Chemosphere 2021, 262:128350.
- Nair MR, Sejian V, Silpa MV, Fonsêca VFC, de Melo Costa CC, Devaraj C, Krishnan G, Bagaht M, Nameer PO: Goat as the ideal climate-resilient animal model in tropical environment: revisiting advantages over other livestock species. Int J Biometeorol 2021, 65:2229–2240.
- Tiwari G, Chauhan A, Sharma P, Tiwari R: Nutritional values and therapeutic uses of Capra hircus milk. Int J Pharm Investigation 2022, 12(4):408–417.
- dos Santos WM, Guimarães Gomes AC, de Caldas Nobre MS, de Souza Pereira AM, dos Santos Pereira EV, dos Santos CMO, Florentino ER, Alonso Buriti FC: Goat milk as a natural source of bioactive compounds and strategies to enhance the amount of these beneficial components. Int Dairy J 2023, 137:105515.
- Antunović Z, Klapec T, Čavar S, Mioč B, Novoselec J, Klir Ž: Changes of heavy metal concentrations in goats milk during lactation stage in organic breeding. Bulg J Agric Sci 2012, 18:166-170.
- Antunović Z, Marić I, Lončarić Z, Novoselec J, Mioč B, Klir Ž: Changes in macroelements, trace elements, heavy metal concentrations and chemical composition in milk of Croatian spotted goats during different lactation stages. Int J Dairy Technol 2018, 71(3):621-628.
- Antunović Z, Klir Šalavardić Ž, Mioč B, Novoselec J: Analysis of 18 elements in Alpine goat milk in the first third of lactation. Mljekarstvo 2024, 74(3):185-194.
- Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Božić Luburić Đ, Solomun Kolanović B, Varenina I, Đokić M, Kmetič I, Kurati T: Lead concentrations in raw cow and goat milk collected in rural areas of Croatia from 2010 to 2014. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016, 96(5):645-649.
- Santucci PM, Maestrini O: Body Conditions of Dairy Goats in Extensive Systems of Production: Method of estimation. Annales de Zootechnie 1985, 34:473–474.
- Belete T, Hussen A, Rao VM: Determination of concentrations of selected heavy metals in cow’s milk: Borena Zone, Ethiopia. J Health Sci 2014, 4(5):105-112.
- Bosnak CP, Davidowski L, Life P: Continuous flow hydride generation using the optima ICP. Shelton: Perkin Elmer Field Application Report 2004, 1-4.
- SAS® 9.4 (2002-2012). SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
- Ubwa MNST, Ejiga R, Okoye PAC, Amua QM: Assessment of heavy metals in the blood and some selected entrails of cows, goat and pigs slaughtered at Wurkum Abattoir, Makurdi-Nigeria. Adv Anal Chem 2017, 7(1):7-12.
- Puls R: Mineral levels in animal health: diagnostic data. Sherpa International, Clearbook, British Columbia, Canada, 1994 p. 326.
- Lopez-Alonso M, Benedito JL, Miranda M, Castillo C, Hernandez J, Shore RF: Interactions between toxic and essential trace metals in cattle from a region with low levels of pollution. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2002, 42:165–172.
- Sutton JD, Mowlem A: Milk production by dairy goats. Outlook on Agriculture 1991, 20(1):45-49.
- Salama AA, Caja G, Such X, Casals R, Albanell E: Effect of pregnancy and extended lactation on milk production in dairy goats milked once daily. J Dairy Sci 2005, 88:3894–3904.
- AFRC – Agricultural Food and Research Council: The nutrition of goats. Nutr Abstracts and Reviews (Series B) 1997.
- Villaquiran M, Gipson T, Merkel RC, Goetsch A, and Sahlu T: Body condition scores in goats. Langston: Langston University, OK, USA, 2007, p. 125-131.
- Atasoglu C, Pala CU, Yuceer YK: Changes in milk fatty acid composition of goats during lactation in a semiintensive production systems. Arch Tierz 2009, 52(6):627-636.
- Dunshea FR, Bell AW: Body composition changes in goats during early lactation estimated using a two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics. Brit J Nutr 1990, 64:121-131.
- Eknæs M, Kolstad K, Volden H, Hove K: Changes in body reserves and milk quality throughout lactation in dairy goats. Small Ruminant Res 2006, 63(1–2):1-11.
- Zambom MA, Alcalde CR, Martins EN, Santos GT, Macedo FAF, Horst JA, Veiga DR: Curva de lactação e qualidade do leite de cabras Saanen recebendo rações com diferentes relações volumoso: concentrado. Rev Bras Zootecn 2005, 34:2515-2521.
- Oliveira TS, Rodrigues MT, Fernandez AM: Energy requirements and efficiency of Alpine goats in early lactation. Animal 2021, 15:100140.
- Rojo-Rubio E, Kholif AE, Salem AZM, Mendoza GD, Elghandour MMMY, Vazquez-Armijo JF, Lee-Rangel H: Lactation curves and body weight changes of Alpine, Saanen and Anglo-Nubian goats as well as pre-weaning growth of their kids. J Appl Anim Res 2016, 44(1):331-337.
- Harding F: Milk quality. In, Food Science. 2nd Edn., Chapman and Hall, Aspen., 1999, pp, 65-67.
- Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew BB, Beeregowda KN: Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip Toxicol 2014, 14(7):60–72.
- Monteverde V, Camilleri G, Arfuso F, Pennisi M, Perillo L, Patitò G, Gioia G, Castronovo C, Piccione G: Heavy metal levels in milk and serum of dairy cows from different farms located near an industrial area. Animals 2022, 12:2574.
- Ali MU, Wang C, Li Y, Li R, Yang S, Ding L, Feng L, Wang B, Li P, Wong MH: Heavy metals in fish, rice, and human hair and health risk assessment in Wuhan city, central China. Environ Pollut 2023, 328:121604.
- Petersen SO, Sommer SG, Béline F, Burton C, Dach J, Dourmad JY, Leip A, Misselbrook T, Nicholson F, Poulsen HD, Provolo G, Sorensen P, Vinneras B, Weiske A, Bernal MP, Böhm R, Juhasz C, Mihelic R: Recycling of livestock manure in a whole-farm perspective. Livest Sci 2007, 112(3):180-191.
- Priti P, Paul B: Assessment of heavy metal pollution in water resources and their impacts: A review. J Basic Appl Eng Res 2016, 3(8):671-675.
- Popovic D, Bozic T, Stevanovic J, Frontasyeva M, Todorovic D, Ajtic J, Jokic VS: Concentration of trace elements in blood and feed of homebred animals in Southern Serbia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2010, 17:1119–1128.
- Anke M. Arsen: Biotransformation, Stoffwechsel, Lebensnotwendigkeit, Versorgung und Bedarf. In Proceedings 5th Arbeitstagung Mengen – und Spurenelemente, Leipzig, Germany, 1985, pp. 202-211.
- Haenlein GFW, Anke M: Mineral and trace element research in goats: A review. Small Rum Res 2011, 95(1):2-19.
- Commission Regulation (EC): Commission regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Union, 2006, L 364/5.
- Castro-González NP, Calderón-Sánchez F, Fuentes de María-Torres MT, Silva-Morales SS, González-Juárez FE: Heavy metals in blood, milk and cow’s urine reared in irrigated areas with wastewater. Heliyon 2021, 7(4):e06693.
- Luna D, López-Alonso M, Cedeño Y, Rigueira L, Pereira V, Miranda M: Determination of essential and toxic elements in cattle blood: serum vs plasma. Animals 2019, 9:465.
- Fazio F, Gugliandolo E, Nava V, Piccione G, Giannetto C, Licata P: Bioaccumulation of mineral elements in different biological substrates of athletic horse from Messina, Italy. Animals 2020, 10:1877.
- Sabuwa MAB, Salihu MD, Baba MK, Bala A: Determination of concentration of some heavy metals in the blood of Holstein-Friesian cattle on a farm in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Sokoto J Vet Sci 2019, 17(3):17 – 23.
- Zadnik L: Lead in topsoil, hay, silage and blood of cows from farms near a former lead mine and current smelting plant before and after installation of filters. Vet Hum Toxicol 2004, 46(5):287–290.
- Tahir I., Alkheraije KAA: Review of important heavy metals toxicity with special emphasis on nephrotoxicity and its management in cattle. Front Vet Sci 2023, 10:1149720.
- Swarup D, Patra RC, Naresh R, Kumar P, Shekhar P: Blood lead levels in lactating cows reared around polluted localities, Transfer of lead into milk. Sci Total Environ 2005, 349:67–71.
- Gowda N, Malathi V, Jash S, Roy K: Status of pollutants and trace elements in water, soil, vegetation and dairy animals in industrial area of Bangalore. Indian J Dairy Sci 2003, 56(2):86-90.
- Fitzgerald PR, Peterson J, Lue-Hing C: Heavy metals in tissues of cattle exposed to sludge-treated pastures for 8 years. Am J Vet Res 1985, 46(3):703-707.
- Paksoy N, İriadam M, Bozkaya F, Yavuz Ü, Öztürk EE: Determination of macro and trace element levels of serum, tears, saliva, and hair samples in Kilis goats with ICP-MS. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2022, 28(6):691-699.
- Donia GR, Ibrahim NH, Shaker YM, Younis FM, Hanan ZA: Liver and kidney functions and blood minerals of Shami goats fed salt tolerant plants under the arid conditions of Southern Sinai, Egypt. Am J Sci 2014, 10(3):49-59.
- Tyutikov SF, Ermakov VV: Geographic variation of the content of microelements and biochemical indices in cattle blood and milk. Russ Agric Sci 2010, 36:201–204.
- Aluc Y, Ekici H: Investigation of heavy metal levels in blood samples of three cattle breeds in Turkey. Bull Environ Contam Tox 2019, 103:739–744.
- Fakour S: Survey of arsenic concentration in the sheep’s blood, wool and liver at Kurdistan provinces. Iran Indian J Anim Sci 2016, 86, 12, 1412–1414.
- Bashir H, Ahmad K, Khan ZI: Level and speciation of nickel in some forages in relation to spatial and temporal fluctuations. Environ. Sci Pollut Res 2020, 27:23793-23800.
- Begum W, Rai S, Banerjee S, Bhattacharjee S, Mondal MH, Bhattarai A, Saha B: A comprehensive review of the sources, essentiality and toxicological profile of nickel. RSC Adv 2022, 1:9139.
- Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk B, Bąkowska M, Pilarczyk R, Wójcik J: Heavy metals and other elements in serum of cattle from organic and conventional farms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011, 143:863–870.
- Vardhan KH, Kumar PS, Panda RC: A review on heavy metal pollution, toxicity and remedial measures: Current trends and future perspectives. J Molecular Liquids 2019, 290:111197.
- Tahir M, Iqbal M, Abbas M, Tahir MA, Nazir A, Iqbal DN, Kanwal Q, Hassan F, Younas U: Comparative study of heavy metals distribution in soil, forage, blood and milk. Acta Ecol Sin 2017, 37:207–212.
- Khatun J, Intekhab A, Dhak D: Effect of uncontrolled fertilization and heavy metal toxicity associated with arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), and possible remediation. Toxicology 2022, 477:153274.
- Ahmad UK, Rehman G, Ullah K, Kebaili I, Majeed A, Subhanullah M, Rawan B, Hussain S: Heavy metal impacts on antioxidants in cow blood from wastewater irrigated areas Waheed. Sci Rep 2024, 14:16918.
- Pilarczyk R, Wójcik J, Czerniak P, Sablik P, Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A: Concentrations of toxic heavy metals and trace elements in raw milk of Simmental and Holstein-Friesian cows from organic farm. Environ Monit Assess 2013, 185:8383–8392.
- Milam C, Buba M, Dogara RK, Yilam EY: Assessment of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in blood samples of sheep and rabits from Jimela-yola, adamawa State, Nigeria. IJAPBC 2017, 6(3):160-166.
- Antunović Z, Mioč B, Lončarić Z, Klir Šalavardić Ž, Širić I, Držaić V, Novoselec, J: Changes of macromineral and trace element concentration in the blood of ewes during lactation period. Czech J Anim Sci 2021, 66(4):129-136.
- Yeotikar PV, Nayyar S, Singh C: Effect of environmental heavy metal pollution on metabolic profile of buffaloes in Ludhiana. Asian J Dairy Foods Home Sci 2021, 9:1-7.
Language: English
Page range: 358 - 374
Submitted on: May 6, 2025
Accepted on: Sep 5, 2025
Published on: Sep 18, 2025
Published by: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2025 Zvonko Antunović, Željka Klir Šalavardić, Boro Mioč, Josip Novoselec, published by University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.