References
- 1. Uilenberg G: Babesia-a historical overview. Vet Parasitol 2006,138: 3-10.
- 2. Rikihisa Y: Diagnosis of emerging ehrlichial diseases of dogs, horses, and humans. J Vet Internal Med 2000,14: 250-251.
- 3. Troy GC, Forrester SD, Harvey JW: Canine Ehrlichiosis. In: Greene C, editor. Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co 1990 pp. 404-418.
- 4. Murphy GL, Ewing SA, Whitworth LC, Fox JC, Kocan AA: A molecular and serologic survey of Ehrlichia canis, E. chaffeensis, and E. ewingii in dogs and ticks from Oklahoma. Vet Parasitol 1998,79: 325-339.
- 5. Mylonakis ME, Koutinas AF, Breitschwerdt EB, Hegarty BC, Billinis CD, Leontides LS, Kontos VS: Chronic canine ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis): a retrospective study of 19 natural cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2004,40: 174-184.
- 6. Boozer AL, Macintire DK: Canine babesiosis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2003,33: 885-904, viii.
- 7. Marks Stowe DA, Birkenheuer AJ, Grindem CB: Pathology in practice. Intraerythrocytic infection with organisms consistent with a large Babesia sp. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012,241: 1029-1031.
- 8. Kjemtrup AM, Wainwright K, Miller M, Penzhorn BL, Carreno RA: Babesia conradae, sp. Nov., a small canine Babesia identified in California. Vet Parasitol 2006,138: 103-111.
- 9. Baneth G, Florin-Christensen M, Cardoso L, Schnittger L: Reclassification of Theileria annae as Babesia vulpes sp. nov. Parasit Vectors 2015,8: 207.
- 10. Chao LL, Yeh ST, Hsieh CK, Shih CM: First detection and molecular identification of Babesia vogeli from Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Taiwan. Exp Appl Acarol 2016,68: 539-551.
- 11. Solano-Gallego L, Sainz A, Roura X, Estrada-Pena A, Miro G: A review of canine babesiosis: the European perspective. Parasit Vectors 2016,9: 336.
- 12. Bilić P KJ, Barić Rafaj R, Mrljak V: Canine babesiosis: where do we stand?. Acta Vet Beograd 2018,68: 127-160.
- 13. Kjemtrup A: Human babesiosis: an emerging tick-borne disease. Int J Parasit 2000,30: 1323-1337.
- 14. Perez M, Bodor M, Zhang C, Xiong Q, Rikihisa Y: Human infection with Ehrlichia canis accompanied by clinical signs in Venezuela. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006,1078: 110-117.
- 15. Kocan KM, Blouin EF, Barbet AF: Anaplasmosis control. Past, present, and future. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000,916: 501-509.
- 16. Aktas M, Ozubek S, Altay K, Ipek ND, Balkaya I, Utuk AE, Kirbas A, Simsek S, Dumanli N: Molecular detection of tick-borne rickettsial and protozoan pathogens in domestic dogs from Turkey. Parasit Vectors 2015,8: 157.
- 17. Guven E, Avcioglu H, Cengiz S, Hayirli A: Vector-borne pathogens in stray dogs in Northeastern Turkey. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017,17: 610-617.
- 18. Harikrishnan TJ, Pazhanivel N, Chellappa J: Concomitant Babesia gibsoni and Ehrlichia canis infection in a dog. Vet arhiv 2005,75: 513-520.
- 19. Guo H, Sevinc F, Ceylan O, Sevinc M, Ince E, Gao Y, Moumouni PFA, Liu M, Efstratiou A, Wang G, Cao S, Zhou M, Jirapattharasate C, Ringo AE, Zheng W, Xuan X: A PCR survey of vector-borne pathogens in different dog populations from Turkey. Acta Parasitol 2017,62: 533-540.
- 20. Gökçe E, Gündüz N, Vatansever Z: Clinical and parasitological detection of Babesia canis canis in dogs: First report from Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet 2013,19: 717-720.
- 21. Aktas M, Ozubek S: A survey of canine haemoprotozoan parasites from Turkey, including molecular evidence of an unnamed Babesia. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2017,52: 36-42.
- 22. Aysul N, Ulutaş B, Eren H, Karagenç T: First detection and molecular identification of Babesia gibsoni in two dogs from the Aydın Province of Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2013,37: 226-229.
- 23. Gulanber A, Gorenflot A, Schetters TP, Carcy B: First molecular diagnosis of Babesia vogeli in domestic dogs from Turkey. Vet Parasitol 2006,139: 224-230.
- 24. Cetinkaya H, Matur E, Akyazi I, Ekiz EE, Aydin L, Toparlak M: Serological and molecular investigation of Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. in ticks and blood of dogs, in the Thrace Region of Turkey. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2016,7: 706-714.
- 25. Ozubek S, Ipek D, Aktas M: A Molecular survey of Rickettsias in shelter dogs and distribution of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) sensu lato in Southeast Turkey. J Med Entomol 2018,55: 459-463.
- 26. Matijatko V, Schetters TP: Canine babesiosis in Europe: how many diseases? Trends Parasitol 2012,28: 99-105.
- 27. Rene-Martellet M, Moro CV, Chene J, Bourdoiseau G, Chabanne L, Mavingui P: Update on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in Southern France. BMC Vet Res 2015,11: 223.
- 28. Inokuma H, Yoshizaki Y, Matsumoto K, Okuda M, Onishi T, Nakagome K, Kosugi R, Hirakawa M: Molecular survey of Babesia infection in dogs in Okinawa, Japan. Vet Parasitol 2004,121: 341-346.
- 29. Bilgic HB, Bakirci S, Kose O, Unlu AH, Hacilarlioglu S, Eren H, Weir W, Karagenc T: Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in small ruminants in Turkey and diagnostic sensitivity of single-PCR and RLB. Parasit Vectors 2017,10: 211.
- 30. Matjila PT, Penzhorn BL, Bekker CP, Nijhof AM, Jongejan F: Confirmation of occurrence of Babesia canis vogeli in domestic dogs in South Africa. Vet Parasitol 2004,122: 119-125.
- 31. Gubbels JM, De Vos AP, Van der Weide M, Viseras J, Schouls LM, De Vries E, Jongejan F: Simultaneous detection of bovine Theileria and Babesia species by reverse line blot hybridization. J Clin Microbiol 1999,37: 1782-1789.
- 32. Dawson JE, Biggie KL, Warner CK, Cookson K, Jenkins S, Levine JF, Olson J G: Polymerase chain reaction evidence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis, in dogs from southeast Virginia. Am J Vet Res 1996,57: 1175-1179.
- 33. Anderson BE, Greene CE, Jones DC, Dawson JE: Ehrlichia ewingii sp. nov., the etiological agent of canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1992,42: 299-302.
- 34. Viera AJ, Garrett JM: Understanding interobserver agreement: the kappa statistic. Fam Med 2005,37: 360-363.
- 35. McHugh ML: Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochemia Medica 2012,22: 276-282.
- 36. Mylonakis ME, Theodorou KN: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Acta Vet Beograd 2017,67(3): 299-317
- 37. Woody BJ, Hoskins JD: Ehrlichial diseases of dogs. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1991,21: 75-98.
- 38. Ipek N, Ozubek S, Aktas M: Molecular evidence for transstadial transmission of Ehrlichia canis by Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato under field conditions. J Med Entomol 2018,55: 440-444.
- 39. Orkun O: Molecular characterization of Babesia species in wild animals and their ticks in Turkey. Infect Genet Evol 2017,55: 8-13.
- 40. Orkun O, Karaer Z, Cakmak A, Nalbantoglu S: Identification of tick-borne pathogens in ticks feeding on humans in Turkey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014,8: e3067.
- 41. Aysul N: Comparison of microscopic and PCR-RLB findings in detection of Babesia species of dogs in İstanbul. İstanbul University, pHD thesis. 2006.
- 42. Otranto D: Diagnostic challenges and the unwritten stories of dog and cat parasites. Vet Parasitol 2015,212: 54-61.
- 43. Aydin L, Bakirci S: Geographical distribution of ticks in Turkey. Parasitol Res 2007,101 Suppl 2: S163-166.
- 44. Dantas-Torres F: Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Parasit Vectors 2010,3: 26.
- 45. Renneker S, Abdo J, Bakheit MA, Kullmann B, Beyer D, Ahmed J, Seitzer U: Coinfection of sheep with Anaplasma, Theileria and Babesia species in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Transbound Emerg Dis 2013,60 Suppl 2: 113-118.
- 46. Bustin S, Huggett J: qPCR primer design revisited. Biomol Detect Quantif 2017,14: 19-28.