Fig. 1
Distribution of study subjects according to risk factors incidence in relation to gender
| Male | % | Female | % | Total | Total % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RISK FACTORS | ||||||
| Hypertension | 66 | 63.6 | 38 | 36.36 | 104 | 65.8 |
| Smoking | 63 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 39.8 |
| Diabetes | 27 | 60.7 | 17 | 39.3 | 44 | 27.8 |
| Alcohol | 39 | 96.1 | 2 | 3.85 | 41 | 25.9 |
| Hyper Cholesterolemia | 16 | 71.4 | 6 | 28.56 | 22 | 13.9 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100 | 2 | 1.26 |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 6 | 66.6 | 3 | 33.33 | 9 | 5.69 |
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | ||||||
| Right hemiplegia | 60 | 69.1 | 27 | 30.9 | 87 | 55 |
| Left hemiplegia | 39 | 64.1 | 22 | 35.9 | 61 | 38.6 |
| Faciobrachial Monoplegia | 3 | 37.5 | 5 | 62.5 | 8 | 5 |
| Cerebellar symptoms | 2 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.26 |
| Loss of consciousness | 49 | 60.8 | 31 | 39.2 | 80 | 50.6 |
| Hemianopia | 3 | 60 | 2 | 30 | 5 | 3.16 |
| Aphasia | 35 | 58.3 | 25 | 41.6 | 60 | 37.9 |
| Bladder and Bowel involvement | 25 | 59.6 | 17 | 40.4 | 42 | 26.5 |
Stroke severity according to NIHSS score on admission day
| Glycemic status | N | NIHSS score Mean ± SD | One-way ANOVA F test* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Euglycemia | 70 | 9.5 ± 6.760 | |
| Stress hyperglycemia | 44 | 19.4±5.248 | |
| Known diabetes | 25 | 17.3±6.561 | F=401.1, |
| Newly diagnosed diabetes | 19 | 16.3±7.040 | P<0.001 |
Correlation of Sugar Levels and Outcome in stroke Groups
| Group | Outcome | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good | Moderate | Poor | Death | Total | |||
| HEMORRHAGE | SUGAR | A | 5 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 17 |
| B | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | ||
| C | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ||
| D | 0 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 15 | ||
| Total | 5 | 14 | 9 | 15 | 43 | ||
| ISCHAEMIC | SUGAR | A | 40 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 53 |
| B | 2 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 25 | ||
| C | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 10 | ||
| D | 0 | 0 | 3 | 24 | 27 | ||
| Total | 44 | 20 | 17 | 34 | 115 | ||
Association between Glycemic status and type of stroke
| Glycemic Status | Ischaemic Stroke | Hemorrhagic Stroke | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| Euglycemia | 54 | 77.1% | 16 | 22.9% | 70 | 44.3% |
| Stress hyperglycemia | 36 | 81.8% | 8 | 18.2% | 44 | 27.8% |
| Known Diabetes | 15 | 60.0% | 10 | 40.0% | 25 | 15.8% |
| Newly diagnosed Diabetes | 10 | 52.7% | 9 | 47.3% | 19 | 12.1% |
| TOTAL | 115 | 72.7% | 43 | 27.3% | 158 | 100% |
Association between Glycemic status and size of the lesion
| Glycemic status | Small | Medium | Large | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freq | % | Freq | % | Freq | % | ||
| Euglycemia | 46 | 65.7 | 13 | 18.6 | 11 | 15.7 | 70 |
| Stress hyperglycemia | 2 | 4.5 | 22 | 50 | 20 | 45.5 | 44 |
| Known diabetes | 3 | 12 | 13 | 52 | 9 | 36 | 25 |
| Newly diagnosed diabetes | 0 | 0 | 10 | 52.6 | 9 | 47.4 | 19 |
| Total | 51 | 32.2 | 58 | 36.8 | 49 | 31 | 158 |
Distribution of NIHSS score on Day 15 among prognosis groups
| Prognosis groups | N | NIHSS score (Mean ± SD) | ANOVA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Good | 51 | 2.51±1.94 | F=897.4, P=0.042* |
| Moderate | 34 | 10.41±2.24 | |
| Poor | 30 | 18.23±1.45 | |
| Death | 43 | 0.000 | |
| Total | 158 | 6.513 |
Association between glycemic status and outcome in stroke groups
| Glycemic Status | Outcome | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good | Moderate | Poor | Death | |||
| Hemorrhage group | Euglycemia | 4 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 15 |
| Stress hyperglycemia | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8 | |
| Known diabetes | 0 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 10 | |
| Newly detected diabetes | 0 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 10 | |
| Total | 4 | 15 | 9 | 15 | 43 | |
| Ischaemic group | Euglycemia | 40 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 53 |
| Stress hyperglycemia | 2 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 37 | |
| Known diabetes | 2 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 16 | |
| Newly detected diabetes | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 9 | |
| Total | 44 | 21 | 17 | 33 | 115 | |