Fig. 1
Causes of pancytopenia in various studies
| Study | Country | Year | No. of cases | Commonest cause | Second most common cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retief FP, Heyns AD8 | South Africa | 1976 | 195 | Bone marrow failure (67.7%) | Severe infection (9.7%) |
| Imbert M et al9 | Europe | 1989 | 213 | Malignant myeloid disorders (42%) | Malignant lymphoid disorders (18%) |
| Varma N, Dash S10 | India | 1992 | 202 | Aplastic anaemia (40.6%) | Megaloblastic anaemia (23.26%) |
| Tilak V, Jain R5 | India | 1998 | 77 | Megaloblastic anaemia (68%) | Aplastic anaemia (7.7%) |
| Khodke et al.11 | India | 2001 | 166 | Hypoplastic anaemia (29.51%) | Megaloblast ic anaemia (22.3%) |
| Naeem Khan M et al.12 | Pakistan | 2001 | 30 | Aplastic anaemia (20%) | Megaloblastic anaemia (16.7%) |
| Kumar R et al.13 | India | 2001 | 166 | Aplastic anaemia (29.5%) | Megaloblastic anaemia (22.3%) |
| Osama Ishtiaq et al.14 | Pakistan | 2002 | 100 | Megaloblastic anaemia (39%) | Hypersplenism (19%) |
| Mobina et al.15 | Pakistan | 2005 | 392 | Megaloblastic anaemia (35.95%) | Hypersplenism (16.3%) |
| Jha et al.16 | Nepal | 2008 | 148 | Hypoplastic anaemia (29.5%) | Megaloblastic anaemia (23.64%) |
| Varma A et al17 | India | 2018 | 251 | Megaloblastic anaemia (48.5%) | Dimorphic anaemia (17.8%) |
| Present study | India | 2022 | 50 | Megaloblastic anaemia (48.9%) | Nutritional anaemia (22.2%) |
Association between Pancytopenia etiology and Haematological Parameters
| Hb % (gm/dl) | TLC (cells/mm3) | Platelet (cells/mm3) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Megaloblastic anaemia associated with pancytopenia | 2–10 | 500–4000 | 26000–1,50,000 |
| Nutritional anaemia (mixed) | 2.3–7.8 | 1000–4000 | 5000–1,40,000 |
| Aplastic anaemia associated with pancytopenia | 3.1–10 | 1100–4000 | 5100–1,50,000 |
| Hypersplenism | 3.8–10 | 1700–3800 | 26,000–1,40,000 |
| Leukaemia associated with pancytopenia | 5.1–9.3 | 1100–4000 | 26000–89000 |
Depicting various categories and cellularity
| CATEGORY | Number of cases | % of cases | Hypercellular marrow: 30 Percentage % | Hypocellular Marrow: 10 Percentage % | Normocellular Marrow: 10 Percentage % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Megaloblastic marrow | 24 | 48 | 80 | 0 | 0 |
| Mixed nutritional (dimorphic) | 10 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| hypersplenism | 2 | 4 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| MDS | 1 | 2 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| MM | 1 | 2 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Acute leukaemia | 3 | 6 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| Hemolytic anaemia | 1 | 2 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Dengue fever | 2 | 4 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| aplastic | 4 | 8 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
| unclassifiable | 2 | 4 | 0 | 20 | 0 |