Fig 1
Fig 2
ROC analysis showing Area under the ROC Curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of different parameters
| Parameters | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group I vs group II | |||
| Sperm count | 0.7860 | 87.50 | 50.80 |
| Total T3 | 0.5315 | 50.46 | 52.31 |
| Normal morphology | 0.6390 | 72.36 | 42.63 |
| Sperm motility | 0.7110 | 69.85 | 50 |
| Total T3 | 0.5030 | 46.91 | 54.23 |
| TSH | 0.5740 | 50 | 57.78 |
| Cases with Sperm motility < 40.1 vs Sperm motility > 40.1 | |||
| Sperm count | 1.000 | 93.75 | 68.95 |
| Total T3 | 0.5882 | 57.91 | 50.09 |
| Normal morphology | 0.5579 | 48.35 | 60.06 |
| Sperm motility | 0.5671 | 57.91 | 48.03 |
| Total T3 | 0.6278 | 58.54 | 51.96 |
| TSH | 0.5570 | 62.17 | 44.27 |
Thyroid status of infertile men
| Euthyroid (n=69) | Subclinical hypothyroidism (n=31) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Suspected hypothyroidism | 19 | 21 | - |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea | 8 | 4 | - |
| Bipolar affective disorders | 6 | 6 | - |
| Headache | 3 | 1 | - |
| Constipation | 6 | 5 | - |
| Speech problems | 1 | 2 | - |
| Semen parameters | |||
| Oligospermia | 8% | 9% | 0.40 |
| Asthenozoospermia | 7% | 6% | |
| Oligo-asthenoteratospermia | 24% | 20% | |
| Total motile sperm count | 27.5 ± 19.7 x 106 | 26.8 ± 18.4 x 106 | 0.10 |
| Semen volume, mL | 2.9 [1.0–3.2] | 2.6 [1.2–3.6] | 0.45 |
| Sperm motility, % | 42.5 [32.9–37.5] | 37.2 [30.3–36.1] | 0.20 |
| Sperm morphology, % | 47.5 [40.2–60.5] | 30.5 [28.5–55.5] | 0.12 |
| Thyroid profile | 1.38 ± 0.44 | 1.45 ± 0.65 | 0.25 |
| Total T3(ng/ml) | 9.2 ± 1.90 | 8.66 ± 1.7 | 0.02* |
| Total T4 (μg/dl) | |||
| TSH (μIU/ml) | 1.89 ± 1.1 | 2.32 ± 1.5 | 0.043* |
Pearson correlation of Total T3, T4, and TSH levels with semen parameters in infertile men
| Total T3 (ng/ml) | Total T4 (μg/dl) | TSH (μIU/ml) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R value | P value | R value | P value | R value | P value | |
| Semen volume (ml) | -0.147 | 0.22 | -0.095 | 0.430 | -0.12 | 0.02 |
| Sperm count (×106 cells/ml) | -0.150 | 0.32 | -0.278 | 0.020 | -0.26 | 0.22 |
| Sperm motility (%) | -0.091 | 0.42 | -0.249 | 0.032 | -0.26 | 0.02 |
| Morphology (%) | -0.079 | 0.45 | 0.160 | 0.130 | -0.304 | 0.02 |
Comparison of thyroid profile, and risk factors in group I and group II subjects
| Group I | Group II | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ollgozoospermla (n=32) | Asthenozoospermla (n=48) | Oligo-asthenozoospermia (n=20) | |||
| Total T3( ng/ml) | Mean ± SD | 1.15 ± 0.4 | 1.29 ± 0.59 | 1.25 ± 0.32 | 1.2 ± 0.40 |
| Total T4 (μg/dl) | Mean ± SD | 7.35 ± 1.42 | 9.15 ± 1.85* | 7.85 ± 1.65 | 7.2 ± 2.15 |
| TSH (μlU/ml) | Mean ± SD | 1.69 ± 0.55 | 2.12 ± 1.45 | 1.88 ± 0.40 | 2.1 ± 1.20 |
| BMI- | Normal | 19 | 22 | 11 | 71 |
| Overweight | 8 | 14 | 7 | 21 | |
| Obese | 5 | 12 | 2 | 8 | |
| Varicocele | 7 | 14 | 6 | 0 | |
| Alcoholic | Mild | 5 | 4 | 4 | 7 |
| Moderate | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Heavy | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Smoker | Light Smokers | 6 | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| Moderate Smokers | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |
| Heavy Smokers | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Comparison of semen and thyroid profile of normal and abnormal subjects
| Characteristics | Group I (n=100 | Group II (n=100) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | Mean ± SD | 32.4 ± 4.5 | 31.5 ± 4.8 | |
| Age (yr) | 21–25 | 10% | 10% | 0.15 |
| 26–30 | 56% | 58% | ||
| 31–35 | 26% | 23% | ||
| 36–40 | 8% | 9% | ||
| Duration of active married life (yr) | 2–3 | 35 | 34 | 0.26 |
| 3.1–5 | 33 | 30 | ||
| 5.1–7 | 20 | 18 | ||
| 7.1–9 | 8 | 10 | ||
| 9.1–15 | 4 | 8 | ||
| Semen analysis : Quantity (c.c.) | <1 2 | 16 57 | 2 63 | 0.0001* |
| 2.1-3 | 16 | 15 | ||
| >3 | 12 | 20 | ||
| Semen analysis : Sperm density (million/ml) | >15 | 48 | 100 | - |
| 10.1 – 15 | 29 | 0 | - | |
| <10 | 23 | 0 | - | |
| Semen analysis : Sperm motility | Actively motile | 32 | 100 | - |
| Sluggishly motile | 40 | 0 | - | |
| Non-motile | 28 | 0 | - | |
| Semen analysis : Frequency of motile sperm % | >50 | 22 | 100 | - |
| 20.1-50 | 48 | 0 | - | |
| 5-20 | 30 | 0 | - | |
| Semen analysis : Pus cell/HPF | >10 | 16 | - | - |
| 4-10 | 29 | - | - | |
| 2-3 | 55 | 10 | - | |
| Sperm count (106/ml) | Mean ± SD | 28.32 ± 14.60 | 66.5 ± 10.5 | <0.0001* |
| Sperm motility (%) | Mean ± SD | 40.1 ± 13.8 | 64.8 ±7.85 | 0.0045*0.03 |
| Normal morphology (%) | Mean ± SD | 55.92 ± 5.27 | 83.5 ± 5.25 | 8* |
| Total T3 (ng/ml) (0.45 – 1.95) | Mean ± SD | 1.29 ± 0.54 | 1.15 ± 0.55 | 0.25 |
| Total T4 (μg/dl) (4.2 – 9.8) | Mean ± SD | 8.42 ± 1.82* | 7.2 ± 3.2 | 0.02* |
| TSH (μIU/ml) (0.40 – 5.55) | Mean ± SD | 1.98 ± 1.3 | 2.11 ± 1.2 | 0.14 |