Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: An observational study from a hospital in Southern India

Characteristic (N = 203)	Frequency (%)
Age Group
20 years and below	19 (9.4)
21 – 40 years	79 (38.9)
41 – 60 years	78 (38.4)
61 – 80 years	24 (11.8)
Above 80 years	3 (1.5)
Sex
Male	129 (63.5)
Female	74 (36.5)
Comorbid status
Comorbid	39 (19.2)
Non-comorbid	164 (80.8)
Travel History
Present	29 (14.3)
Absent	174 (85.7)
Past History of COVID-19 infection
Present	16 (7.9)
Absent	173 (85.2)
Not sure	14 (6.9)
Duration between past COVID-19 infection and current episode (n = 16)
5 months and below	3 (18.8)
6 – 10 months	10 (62.5)
11 – 15 months	2 (12.5)
16 – 20 months	1(6.2)

[i] (Note: figures in parentheses denotes percentages)

Table 2

Distribution of study subjects based on symptoms and treatment details

Characteristic	Frequency (%)
Symptom status (N = 203)
Symptomatic	149 (73.4)
Asymptomatic	54 (26.6)
Type of Symptoms (n = 149)
Fever	114 (76.5)
Cough	72 (48.3)
Myalgia	29 (19.5)
Running nose	28 (18.8)
Sore throat	26 (17.4)
Fatigue	20 (13.4)
Headache	20 (13.4)
Breathlessness	12 (8.0)
Sneezing	10 (6.7)
Chills	7 (4.7)
Diarrhoea	7 (4.7)
Course of Treatment
Outpatient	114 (56.1)
In-patient	89 (43.8)
Case severity (as per ICMR)
Mild case	193 (95.1)
Moderate case	8 (3.9)
Severe case	2 (1.0)
Supplemental Oxygen requirement
Oxygen support required	10 (4.9)
Oxygen support not required	193 (95.1)
Mode of Oxygen delivery (n = 10)
Simple face mask	8 (80.0)
CPAP	2 (20.0)
Outcome
Treated in Home isolation	134 (66.0)
Discharged from IP ward	60 (29.6)
Referred to other Hospital	7 (3.4)
Died	2 (1.0)

[i] (Note: figures in parentheses denotes percentages)

Table 3

Distribution of Study subjects based on treatment details

Treatment details	Frequency (%)
Vaccination Status (N = 203)
Vaccinated	158 (77.8)
Unvaccinated	45 (22.2)
Vaccine Type (n = 158)
Covaxin	50 (31.7)
Covishield	106 (67.0)
Other vaccines	2 (1.3)
Dose of Vaccination (n = 158)
One Dose (Partially vaccinated)	32 (20.3)
Two Doses (Completely vaccinated)	126 (79.7)

[i] (Note: figures in parentheses denotes percentages)

Table 4

Association between COVID-19 vaccination status of subjects and their symptom status, course of treatment and supplemental oxygen requirement (N = 203)

Variable	Vaccinated n = 158	Unvaccinated n = 45	P value	Odds Ratio [95% CI]
Symptom status
Symptomatic	116 (73.4)	33 (73.3)	0.991	1.004
Asymptomatic	42 (26.6)	12 (26.7)		(0.475, 2.124)
Course of treatment
Outpatient	99 (62.7)	15 (33.3)	< 0.001*	3.356
In-patient	59 (37.3)	30 (66.7)		(1.669, 6.748)
Supplemental Oxygen
Required	4 (2.5)	6 (13.3)	0.003*	0.169
Not required	154 (97.5)	39 (86.7)		(0.045, 0.628)

[i] (* – Pearson Chi-square test)

Table 5

Comparison of interval between two doses of COVID vaccine taken among completely vaccinated RTPCR Positive SGTF subjects (n = 125)

Type of Vaccine	Mean (SD)	95% CI of Mean	Median (IQR)	Mean difference (95% CI of Mean difference)	P value
Covaxin (n = 44)	48 (25) days	40, 55 days	33 (30, 60) days	- 37 (-50, -24) days	< 0.001*
Covishield (n = 81)	85 (39) days	76, 94 days	89 (51, 97) days	- 37 (-50, -24) days	< 0.001*

[i] (*– Mann Whitney U test)

Table 6

Comparison of duration of last dose of COVID-19 vaccine taken and RT-PCR Positivity with SGTF between partially and completely vaccinated subjects (n = 156)

Vaccination status	Type of vaccine	Mean (SD)	95% CI of Mean	Median	Mean difference (95% CI of Mean difference)	P value
Partially vaccinated (n = 31)	Covaxin (n = 6)	115 (72 days)	39, 191 days	121 days	-11 days (-75, 52 days)	0.960
Partially vaccinated (n = 31)	Covishield (n = 25)	126 (67 days)	98, 154 days	114 days	-11 days (-75, 52 days)	0.960
Completely vaccinated (n = 125)	Covaxin (n = 44)	186 (82 days)	162, 210 days	195 days	55 days (25, 85 days)	< 0.001*
Completely vaccinated (n = 125)	Covishield (n = 81)	131 (79 days)	114, 148 days	113 days	55 days (25, 85 days)	< 0.001*

[i] (*- Mann Whitney U test)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acm-2022-0010 | Journal eISSN: 1338-4139 (formerly 1335-8421) | Journal ISSN: 1335-8421

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Language: English

Page range: 79 - 90

Submitted on: May 9, 2022

Accepted on: Jul 1, 2022

Published on: Aug 23, 2022

Published by: Sciendo

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

Keywords:

COVID-19,

Omicron,

SGTF,

Covaxin,

Related subjects:

© 2022 Jayanthi Rangarajan, Rajesh Jayanandan, Raviganesh Pravin Kumar, Arun Murugan, Pavithra Gnanavel, N Devasena, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 22 (2022): Issue 2 (August 2022)