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Agriculture as a Catalyst for New Forms of Urban Habitat in Residential Architecture. A Case of Multi-Family and Mixed Housing Estates from 2010–2021 – European, American and Asian Context Cover

Agriculture as a Catalyst for New Forms of Urban Habitat in Residential Architecture. A Case of Multi-Family and Mixed Housing Estates from 2010–2021 – European, American and Asian Context

Open Access
|Jul 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Morphological analysis of selected conceptual designs of housing estates within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000m radius). Author's own elaboration
Morphological analysis of selected conceptual designs of housing estates within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000m radius). Author's own elaboration

Figure 2.

Self-Sufficient Skyscraper/New York and Home Farm/Cyberjaya – overall views, authors Terreform, S*Park. Source: [18, 19]
Self-Sufficient Skyscraper/New York and Home Farm/Cyberjaya – overall views, authors Terreform, S*Park. Source: [18, 19]

Figure 3.

Taisugar Circular Village/Tainan, author Yue-Lun Tsai and Secret Gardens/Montpellier, author Vincent Callebaut Architects – the overall view. Source: [20, 21]
Taisugar Circular Village/Tainan, author Yue-Lun Tsai and Secret Gardens/Montpellier, author Vincent Callebaut Architects – the overall view. Source: [20, 21]

Figure 4.

S*Park/Denver and Grow Community/Bainsbridge – overall views. Source [22], made available thanks to the courtesy of Deborah Henderson from GROW Community
S*Park/Denver and Grow Community/Bainsbridge – overall views. Source [22], made available thanks to the courtesy of Deborah Henderson from GROW Community

Figure 5.

Morphological analysis of selected analyzed housing estates built between 2018 and 2021 within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000 m radius). Author's own elaboration
Morphological analysis of selected analyzed housing estates built between 2018 and 2021 within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000 m radius). Author's own elaboration

Figure 6.

List of analyzed examples due to the share of the usable floor area of the main functional zones of the complex. Author's own elaboration
List of analyzed examples due to the share of the usable floor area of the main functional zones of the complex. Author's own elaboration

Figure 7.

List of analyzed examples due to the percentage share of the usable floor area of the main functional zones of the complex in relation to the total usable floor area (excluding built-in car parks). Author's own elaboration
List of analyzed examples due to the percentage share of the usable floor area of the main functional zones of the complex in relation to the total usable floor area (excluding built-in car parks). Author's own elaboration

Figure 8.

List of analyzed examples due to the size of apartments. Author's own elaboration
List of analyzed examples due to the size of apartments. Author's own elaboration

Figure 9.

Floor plan typology of multi-family housing in relation to the agricultural function of the estates and the occurrence of private external space in the apartment. Author's own elaboration
Floor plan typology of multi-family housing in relation to the agricultural function of the estates and the occurrence of private external space in the apartment. Author's own elaboration

Figure 10.

Morphological analysis of housing estate Evergreen 365 in Poznań within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000 m radius). Author's own elaboration
Morphological analysis of housing estate Evergreen 365 in Poznań within a walking distance of 15 minutes (1000 m radius). Author's own elaboration

Figure 11.

The repetitive floor plan and the view from Jutrzenki Street for the Evergreen 365 residential and service complex in Poznań. Made available thanks to the courtesy of Pracownia Architektoniczna Insomia
The repetitive floor plan and the view from Jutrzenki Street for the Evergreen 365 residential and service complex in Poznań. Made available thanks to the courtesy of Pracownia Architektoniczna Insomia

Figure 12.

A list of the analysed examples in terms of the form of introducing greenery in the estate. Author's own elaboration
A list of the analysed examples in terms of the form of introducing greenery in the estate. Author's own elaboration

Figure 13.

Schematic floor plan analysis of selected examples. Author's own elaboration
Schematic floor plan analysis of selected examples. Author's own elaboration

Summary of the basic data of the analysed multi-family residential buildings completed between 2013 and 2022 that are a combination of architecture and greenery_ Author's own elaboration

name Vivalto BuildingBosco VerticaleTrudo Vertical ForestGardenhouse (mixed-use apartments)Vindmølle bakken Housing (cohousing)Gardenia ApartmentsHouse Of The Flying TreesMaison New FarmZuiderzicht Antwerp Residential Complex
location Quito/EcuadorMilano / ItalyEindhoven / HollandLos Angeles / USAStavanger/NorwayRohrmoser, San José / Costa RicaRiga / LatviaNew Farm / AustraliaAntwerp / Holland
years 20132007–20142017–2021−20202017–2020−2021−2021−20212014–2021
designer Najas Arquitectos: Esteban Najas RaadStefano Boeri ArchitettiStefano Boeri ArchitettiMAD ArchitectsHelen & HardStudio SaxeOpen ADGraya + Joe Adsett ArchitectsKCAP Architects & Planners + evr-Architecten
client COIMA Sgr (ex HINES Italia s.r.l.)Sint TrudoPalisades Capital Partners LLCSolon Eiendom and Indigo VekstSaxe Development GroupR. Evolution CityFrank DevelopmentsTriple Living
multi-family housing typologysingle-module development / tower block
multi-module development
corridor
gallery
mixed with single-family housing (low-rise, high-dense)
forms of introducing greeneryflower pots along internal railings
flower pots along external railings
green wall
backyard garden (at ground level)
green roof
green balcony / loggia
green terrace
atrium

Summary of analyzed urban buildings combining the multi-family residential function with agriculture in 2010–2021_ Author's own elaboration

nameSelf-Sufficient SkyscraperHome FarmS*ParkTaisugar Village CircularGrow CommunitySecret GardensEvergreen 365
locationNew York, USASingapore26th & Lawrence Streets Denver, USAWudong, Gueiren District, Tainan City, TaiwanBainsbridge Island, New York, USAZac EAI, Quartier de la Cité Créative, Montpellier, FranceGrochowska / Bukowska Str., Poznań, Poland
yeardesign20102014n.d.20172012–201420212013
realisationn.d.n.d.201820212014–202020242016
designerTerreformSPARK ArchitectsTres BirdsBio-Architecture FormosanaDavis Design StudioVincent Callebaut Architects, Emmanuelle NavarroPracownia Architektoni czna Insomia
clientVenice Biennale of ArchitectureWorld Architecture Festival 2015, HSB MedicalWestfield Company, Inc.Taiwan Sugar CorporationBainbridge Island Holdings, Bainbridge Community Development LLCBouygues Immobilier + Vestia PromotionMasterm Bukowska sp. z o.o.
plot area [ha]0.864.941.131.393.200.560.33
floor area by function[sqm]residential14,864,5532,791.0117.075,9528.580,5316.915,158.950,005.150,00
agricultural56.490,0114.800,00668,911.387,90144,0090,0084,00
commmercial25.213,9913.846,05650,321.609,500,000,001.723,00
indoor parking0,0024.985,701.858,064.500,004.248,003.673,001.900,00
number of overground storeys35112–32–82–36–71–6
number of underground storeys0111111
housingmulti-family housing typologysingle-module development / tower block
multi-module developlet
corridor
gallery
single-family housing typologydetached
semi-detached
terraced
parametersapartments' usabe floor area [sqm]55,74–74,3236–16548,23 – 215,7225–4892–14541,3–119,7041,5–93
number of apartments - multi-family housing1283009135115511751
number of apartments - single-family housing00803700
number of parking lotsn.d.n.d.139n.d.178118n.d.
commercial usable floor area [sqm]20.810,3613.846,0501387,90411700
greenhouse area [sqm]36.656,167500668,915031449084
inhabitant's profilemultigenerational families (2+2+1–3)
atomic families (1 – 2)
statistical (2+1–3)
power-supply systemsRESsolar panels
wind turbines
traditional
n.d.
roof geometryabove residential functionflat
gable
above parkingflat
flat - green
above greenhousegable
saw-tooth
flat
forms of introducing greeneryflower pots along internal railings
flower pots along external railings
green wall
backyard garden (at ground level)
green roof
forms of introducing the cultivationgreenhouse typesrooftop
indoor
at ground level
soil-based cultivation typescontainer farming
soil-based
aquaponic
facade materialmasonry
glass and steel
steel plate
concrete
wood
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142
Language: English
Page range: 29 - 44
Submitted on: Nov 13, 2022
Accepted on: Jun 19, 2023
Published on: Jul 20, 2023
Published by: Silesian University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year

© 2023 Justyna Kleszcz, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.