Figure 1
UAV photography showing the location of the General Jerzy Ziętek's Villa in Ustroń. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 2
UAV flight plans in Pix4D software. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 3
Diagram of the workflow for preliminary research. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 4
Photogrammetric model View of Tie Points and Dense Cloud. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Table 1
Comparison between UAV and Terrestrial Photogrammetry
| Particulars | UAV Photogrammetry | Terrestrial Photogrammetry |
|---|---|---|
| Data acquisition | Manual/Automatic/Assisted | Manual |
| Image resolution | High | High |
| Ground coverage | m2 – km2 | m2 |
| Visibility | Highly positioned elements, rooftops, walls, limited when it comes to hidden objects. | Walls up to the rooftop, allows photographing hidden objects, no visibility of rooftops. |
| Flexibility | Weather – dependent, cannot fly to close to the objects around, problematic with too much greenery. | Applicable in hazardous areas, works in cloudy, drizzly weather. |
| Price and operating cost | Moderate | Low – moderate |
| Geo-registration possibility | High quality | Medium quality |
[i] Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 5
UAV model and combination of UAV and terrestrial point cloud. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 6
HBIM model obtained on the basis of point cloud and archival documentation
Figure 7
Wall family example
Figure 8
Richness of exterior surfaces. Source for Fig. 6–8: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 9
The three levels of graphic detail: generic, defined and detailed level. Source: Elaborated by the authors
Figure 10
HBIM model of the villa with color marking of modelling assumptions. Source: Elaborated by the authors